Redress and reparations

In the late 1960s, Japanese Americans began to revisit the history of the exclusion and incarceration period in order to seek justice for their suffering and ensure that no such wrong would ever be committed again. Years of effort by community activists, politicians, academics, and other supporters culminated on August 10, 1988, with the signing of the Civil Liberties Act by President Ronald Reagan. This Act rescinded Executive Order 9066, and mandated an official apology from the federal government, monetary reparations payments to individuals excluded and incarcerated, and the creation of a federal fund for research and education about the incarceration.

Redress and reparations (954)

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954 items

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 15 (April 12, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-15)

Select article titles: "CL renews Hawaii statehood plea: Far East aspect of U.S. foreign policy would be strengthened by admission" (p. 1); Canadian Nisei patato grower protest dumping of U.S. spud surplus in Canada" (p. 1); "100 Million in Japan by '64 May 'Blow off Roof'" (p. 2); "San Jose-Okayama become sister cities" (p. 2); "Jefferson …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-15/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 10 (September 6, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-36)

Select article titles: "'Family hardship' immigration bill OK" (p. 1); "85th Congress in Historic Passage of Civiil Rights Measure" (p. 2); "Formal complaint alleging 200 L.A. frims discriminate in employement lodged by ADL" (p. 6); "White House official Max Rabb to address Tokyo Nisei parley" (p. 8); "Ex.-Oregon Governor Scores Evacuation as 'Unconstitutional'" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-36/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 3 (January 18, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-3)

Selected article titles: "Garden Grove citizen group protests purchase of home by naval officer" (p. 1); "Refugees from Hungary Aided by Oregon Nisei" (p. 1); Over 3,500 Japanese Admitted to U.S. Under Refugee Relief Act" (p. 1); "Yas Abiko critically injured in auto acciedentl doctors report condition fair" (p. 1); "Future of Far East Seen in …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-3/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 4 (July 26, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-30)

Select article titles: "TV Critic says Anti-Nisei Films Should be Junked" (p. 1); Aliens seeking adjustment of residence status allowed trips to U.S. possessions; Japanese circus performer can visit Hawaii" (p. 1); Library Named in Memory of Ex-Calif. Issei" (p. 2); "U.S.-Japan gov't cooperation assured for Nisei businessman's international confab" (p. 2); Hawaiian students gather material …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-30/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 5 (August 2, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-31)

Select article titles: "Protest envoy acceptance of 'Jap' Text of 'Night Beat' interview on use of word 'Jap': Ambassador Matsudaira doesn't care; professor dislikes term" (p. 1); "JACL calls on senators to reject further substantive change to civil rights bill; 'heart of House-passed measure cut out" (p. 1); "Dinner honoring ex-Gov. Sprague set for Aug. 25" …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-31/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 15 (October 11, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-41)

Select article titles: "U.S. Supreme Court Reconvenes, JACL Interested in Three Cases" (p. 1); "40,000 Filipinos in California prospering; race problems minimized" (p. 1); "Percentage of Nisei Marrying Into Other Racial Groups Increasing Over Past Decade in Hawaii" (p. 2); "Army installation named for Nisei hero" (p. 7); "Apathy Toward Sacrifices of Nisei GIs Hit" (p. …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-41/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 14 (October 4, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-40)

Select article titles: "JACL stand on U.S.-Japan argued" (p. 1); "Negro, Japanese in U.S. compared" (p. 1); "JACL files 'amicus' brief supporting Issei in escheal case new in appeal court" (p. 3); "Traditional CL 'hands-off' policy voiced" (p. 5); "Lack of Japanese community media may be good sign, says new Mile-Hi editor" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-40/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 13 (September 27, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-39)

Select article titles: "Author Gwen Terasaki Urges Nisei Serve As U.S.-Japan 'Bridge'" (p. 1); "Japanese request for continuing U.S. importation of temporary farm workers hinges on special gov't survey; no decision yet" (p. 1); "Justice Dep't okays 72 claims in August" (p. 2); "Formation of Nisei Voters League in San Francisco hailed by editor; 'isolationistic' trend …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-39/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 11 (September 13, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-37)

Select article titles: "JACL hails signing of civil rights bill" (p. 1); "$1.3 Million claims measure signed by Ike" (p. 1); Senate Interior Committee urges Hawaii statehood without further delaying action" (p. 1); "Cut red tape for Nisei hero" 9p. 3); "Texas would bar Negro GIs wedded to German wives" (p. 3); "Spot survey by U.S. …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-37/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 17 (October 25, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-43)

Select article titles: "Cemetery Sued. Refuses to Bury Child of Negro" (p. 1); "Supreme Court smashes another Southern attempt to block school desegregation" (p. 1); "Problem of internment of Japanese reported nil" (p. 1); "First Nisei International Convention opens in Tokyo; Kishi welcomes 500 delegates, hopes Nisei can help link nations" (p. 1); "Minority bias in …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-43/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 16 (October 18, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-42)

Select article titles: "JACL in fight for right of association NAACP issue before U.S. Supreme Court to rule on basic rights of organizations" (p. 1); "Farm Laborers Being Returned, Refuse Contract" (p. 1); "Death of JACL leader Harry Miyake cited as example for Social Security benefits; family to get $200 per month" (p. 3); "Soldier-brides hear …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-42/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 9 (August 30, 1957) (ddr-pc-29-35)

Select article titles: "'Voting rights' bill nears approval, JACL calls for enactment by solons" (p. 1); House, Senate Approves over Million Dollars foor Claimants" (p. 1); "Teaching of English in japan Wide-open Field" (p. 2); "Housewife Urges Canada newspaper Drop use of 'Jap' in Headlines" (p. 5); "'Family Hardship' Immigration Bill O.K. By Congress Predicted" (p. …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-35/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 46, No. 16 (April 18, 1958) (ddr-pc-30-16)

Select article titles: "Senate urged to return all wartime vested property" (p.1); "New York's law first in nation banning racial, religious bias in private housing" (p.1); "Old Japan custom prevails: wife cashes stolen checks at insistence of husband" (p.2) Starting in No. 13, the volume number in the header changes from 46 to 26. This printing …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-30-16/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 46, No. 4 (January 24, 1958) (ddr-pc-30-4)

Select article titles: " U.S. 'cannot afford moral, economic, and international cost' of racial prejudice in its labor force, Nixon declares" (p. 1); "East Los Angeles CLers eye 10th year as banner winner" (p. 3); "Blind poultryman installed president of Yellowstone JACL at hilarious affair" (p. 4); "73 more claimants awarded evacuation pay in November" (p. …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-30-4/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 47, No.7 (August 15, 1958) (ddr-pc-30-33)

Select article titles: "24 candidates to be judged for 'Nisei of Biennium' recognition" (p.1); "Nat'l JACL to honor Justice Department officials for Evacuation Claims program" (p.8)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-30-33/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 47, No. 12 (September 19, 1958) (ddr-pc-30-38)

Select article titles: "JACL hails desegregation rule" (p.1); "PC column on claims makes 'Congressional Record'" (p.8)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-30-38/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 47, No. 22 (November 28, 1958) (ddr-pc-30-48)

Select article titles: "American way vindicated as losses of evacuation compensated by gov't" (P. 1); "Evacuation claims program summarized as action hailed as 'miracle' of America" (p. 7)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-30-48/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 51, No. 12 (Sepetember 16, 1960) (ddr-pc-32-38)

Select article titles: "38 AJAs Named for Hawaiian State Primaries" (p. 3); "Tommy Kono 2nd in Olympic Weightlifting" (p. 6); "Congress passes bill to give Nisei postal, civil service employees evacuation credit" (p.8)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-32-38/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 63, No. 6 (August 5, 1966) (ddr-pc-38-31)

Select article titles: "Civil Rights Resolution" (p. 1); "Atty. Gen. Lynch pays tribute to Sab Kido" (p.1); "Keep with the times: Diane Suda" (p.3); "Extol Japanese American identity" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-38-31/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 63, No. 17 (October 21, 1966) (ddr-pc-38-42)

Select article titles: "JACL backs Cal. Prop. 15 to allow more Issei voters" (p. 1); "Spark of Patsy may be ousted" (p. 1); "Sen. Fong urges AG to retain alien property funds" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-38-42/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 63, No. 18 (October 28, 1966) (ddr-pc-38-43)

Select article titles: "Yen deposit claims to be reviewed by Warren court" (p. 1); "Marine Corps to organize Oriental platoon for training next February" (p. 3); "Boston Public Schools classifies Chinese American pupils as 'whites'" (p. 5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-38-43/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 58, No. 17 (October 25, 1963) (ddr-pc-35-43)

Selected article titles: "Problems Facing Farmers Dependent upon 'Braceros' Detailed, Many Seem Resigned Program Will Continue for a Year More" (pp. 1-2), "Washington Newsletter: Civil Rights Battle" (p. 2), and "U.S. Gov't Will Pay for Property Claims Rising Out of Bombing on Pearl Harbor" (p. 3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-35-43/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 56, No. 18 (May 3, 1963) (ddr-pc-35-18)

Selected article titles: "Oregon Passes Own Version of No-Tax on Claims" (pp. 1, 3), "Segregation in Courtrooms Ruled Invalid" (pp. 1, 3), "Washington Newsletter: Employment Discrimination" (pp. 1-2), and "A Pillar of Strength" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-35-18/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 106, No. 19 (May 13, 1988) (ddr-pc-60-19)

Selected article titles: "S.1009 & H.R. 442 in Conference; Final Draft Uncertain: Redress Bills Differ Over 'Eligibility' of Individuals" (p. 1), "JACL-LEC Announces Mailgram Info' (pp. 1, 6), "Munn Letter Urges Reagan to Sign Redress Bill" (pp. 2-3), and "Who Is 'Eligible' for Redress?" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-60-19/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 107, No. 15 (November 11, 1988) (ddr-pc-60-40)

Selected article titles: "Nikkei Contributions to Floral Industry Recognized by JANM" (p. 1), "ORA Director Updates Redress Progress" (pp. 1, 6), "Report Finds Earnings Gap Decreased Between Asian and White Men in U.S." (p. 2), and "From the Frying Pan: A Return to Distant Roots" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-60-40/