Expatriation/repatriation/deportation

From 1943 to 1946, over 20,000 Japanese Americans applied to leave the United States for Japan in a process called "repatriation" (for Issei as non-citizens) or "expatriation" (for Nisei as citizens). Some Issei considered repatriation preferable to remaining in a country that had long discriminated against them. For Nisei, who had rarely been to Japan, expatriation meant renouncing their U.S. citizenship. Some were pressured to do so by family members or extremists; others were bitter about their mistreatment by the government. In total, only 4,724 ended up leaving for Japan directly from the camps and many eventually returned to the U.S. Nearly all Nisei who wanted to were able to regain their citizenship, although the process was long and difficult.

World War II (283)
Resistance and dissidence (97)
Expatriation/repatriation/deportation (253)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Joe Kurihara

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253 items
Letter from Matsuye Koiki to Ruth Yamada, August 23, 1943 (ddr-densho-432-17)
doc Letter from Matsuye Koiki to Ruth Yamada, August 23, 1943 (ddr-densho-432-17)
This letter discusses Matsuye Koike's repatriation date and his preparations to leave the U.S. The letter was "detained alien enemy mail examined."
Letter from Matsuye Koiki to Ruth Yamada, July 11, 1942 (ddr-densho-432-5)
doc Letter from Matsuye Koiki to Ruth Yamada, July 11, 1942 (ddr-densho-432-5)
This letter discusses Matsuye Koike's decision to repatriate to Japan. The letter was "detained alien enemy mail examined."
Letter from Ruth Yamada to Matsuye Koike, October 23, 1942 (ddr-densho-432-7)
doc Letter from Ruth Yamada to Matsuye Koike, October 23, 1942 (ddr-densho-432-7)
This letter discusses life at Rohwer concentration camp, including discussion of the food, environment, church, and school. Matsuye Koike received the letter while imprisoned at Fort Lincoln, Bismark, ND. The letter was "detained alien enemy mail examined."
Story of Shigekichi Kajiwara: The War Years as an Alien Enemy (ddr-densho-554-1)
doc Story of Shigekichi Kajiwara: The War Years as an Alien Enemy (ddr-densho-554-1)
Biography of Shigekichi Kajiwara's life, with a focus on his incarceration during World War II at Fort Missoula, Lordsburg, and Santa Fe.
Crystal City Chatter Issue 87 (ddr-densho-537-96)
doc Crystal City Chatter Issue 87 (ddr-densho-537-96)
Issue 87 includes letters to the editor, an article about the Washington D. C. memorial, an article about a former German internee, and more.
Crystal City Chatter Issue 86 (ddr-densho-537-95)
doc Crystal City Chatter Issue 86 (ddr-densho-537-95)
Issue 86 includes a recap of a Las Vegas trip, an article about Hawaii concentration camp sites, a repatriate's story, and more.
Crystal City Chatter Issue 107 (ddr-densho-537-106)
doc Crystal City Chatter Issue 107 (ddr-densho-537-106)
Issue 107 includes a recap of the Shinnenkai luncheon, an article about the film "Ninety Nine Years of Love," a speech by Eric Saul, and more.
Crystal City Chatter Issue 102 (ddr-densho-537-101)
doc Crystal City Chatter Issue 102 (ddr-densho-537-101)
Issue 102 includes an excerpt from the Nichi Bei Times, an article by Soji Kashiwagi, health advice, and more.
Certificate of the Loss of the Nationality of the United States (ddr-densho-550-40)
doc Certificate of the Loss of the Nationality of the United States (ddr-densho-550-40)
Document detailing the relinquishment of Mitsuye Takemiya's American nationality due to voting in the Japanese political election.
Declaration of Alien about to Depart for the United States (ddr-densho-474-60)
doc Declaration of Alien about to Depart for the United States (ddr-densho-474-60)
A filled out declaration to depart for the US form completed by Tomehichi Urakawa. Two other individuals are listed as references one of whom is also an Urakawa.
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