Draft resistance

In 1944 the government reinstated the draft for Japanese Americans after suspending it in 1942 and began drafting men directly from the camps. This action angered many. At Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, resistance took the form of an organized movement calling itself the Fair Play Committee. Members demanded that their rights as citizens be restored before enlisting in the military. Eventually, sixty-three men from Heart Mountain refused induction and were sentenced to prison terms for draft evasion. In the other camps, disparate individuals made the decision to resist the draft. After being unfairly incarcerated for almost two years, they saw the draft as the final injustice. Ultimately, 267 men from all the concentration camps were convicted of evading the draft and most served time in prison. President Truman pardoned all of the resisters in 1947.

World War II (231)
Resistance and dissidence (84)
Draft resistance (349)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Draft resistance, Frank Emi, Gordon Hirabayashi, No-No Boy (book)

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349 items
Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-9-10)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-9-10)
Remembering the famous photograph of the Heart Mountain resisters on trial

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-9-3)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-9-3)
Making the decision to resist the draft

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-9-8)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-9-8)
Response to JACL's name-calling: "it made me feel kind of betrayed"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-9-5)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-9-5)
Attending meetings of the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-9-7)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-9-7)
Being picked up by the FBI for draft resistance

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Sam Horino Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-122-6-11)
vh Sam Horino Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-122-6-11)
Memories of Leavenworth prison: no regrets

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding …

Sam Horino Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-6-10)
vh Sam Horino Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-6-10)
Memories of trial: "the decision was incorrect"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Sam Horino Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-6-8)
vh Sam Horino Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-6-8)
Discussion of the Fair Play Committee bulletins

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Sam Horino Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-6-6)
vh Sam Horino Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-6-6)
Deciding to join the Fair Play Committee, remembering the meetings

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-29-1)
vh Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-29-1)
Opinion of the Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on …

Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-29-3)
vh Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-29-3)
Feelings on the views of the Heart Mountain resisters

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-29-8)
vh Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-29-8)
Opinion that the resisters of conscience were "harming the cause of the entire group"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 9 (ddr-densho-122-10-9)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 9 (ddr-densho-122-10-9)
Thoughts on the relationship between resisters and veterans

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-10-4)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-10-4)
Deciding to join the Fair Play Committee; thoughts on the JACL's wartime stance

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-10-8)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-10-8)
The influence of the Rocky Shimpo on decision to resist

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-10-5)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-10-5)
Facing the postwar charge of "draft dodger": "we were never cowards"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-10-3)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-10-3)
Thoughts on the draft resistance trial and the JACL

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-122-10-11)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-122-10-11)
Feelings about being overlooked as a resister

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-10-1)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-10-1)
Memories of draft resistance trial

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-10-7)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-10-7)
Hearing the guilty verdict in draft resistance trial, feeling disappointed

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-10-6)
vh Mits Koshiyama Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-10-6)
The uniqueness of the draft resistance movement at Heart Mountain

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Art Emi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-7-2)
vh Art Emi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-7-2)
Description in role of helping the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Art Emi Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-7-3)
vh Art Emi Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-7-3)
Making the decision to help the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-8-5)
vh Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-8-5)
The decision to resist the draft: "Somebody had to say somethin'"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-8-4)
vh Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-8-4)
Family's thoughts on decision to resist

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding …

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