Draft resistance

In 1944 the government reinstated the draft for Japanese Americans after suspending it in 1942 and began drafting men directly from the camps. This action angered many. At Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, resistance took the form of an organized movement calling itself the Fair Play Committee. Members demanded that their rights as citizens be restored before enlisting in the military. Eventually, sixty-three men from Heart Mountain refused induction and were sentenced to prison terms for draft evasion. In the other camps, disparate individuals made the decision to resist the draft. After being unfairly incarcerated for almost two years, they saw the draft as the final injustice. Ultimately, 267 men from all the concentration camps were convicted of evading the draft and most served time in prison. President Truman pardoned all of the resisters in 1947.

World War II (283)
Resistance and dissidence (97)
Draft resistance (393)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Draft resistance, Frank Emi, Gordon Hirabayashi, No-No Boy (book)

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393 items
Frank Emi Interview II Segment 23 (ddr-densho-122-20-23)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 23 (ddr-densho-122-20-23)
Long-term affects of wartime resistance; reaction of community members

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-12-15)
vh Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-12-15)
Recollections of prison, being released

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the …

Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-12-4)
vh Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-12-4)
Feeling disappointment upon meeting Minoru Yasui

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding …

Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-12-8)
vh Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-12-8)
Receiving the silent treatment from the Japanese American community postwar

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-12-2)
vh Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-12-2)
Forms of resistance: "repatriation" strategy

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the …

Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-122-12-14)
vh Jim Akutsu Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-122-12-14)
Younger brother's experience also as a draft resister

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on …

Sam Horino Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-122-6-11)
vh Sam Horino Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-122-6-11)
Memories of Leavenworth prison: no regrets

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding …

Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-8-4)
vh Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 4 (ddr-densho-122-8-4)
Family's thoughts on decision to resist

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding …

Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-8-7)
vh Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-8-7)
Thoughts on decision to resist the draft by taking a public stand

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, …

Sam Horino Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-6-6)
vh Sam Horino Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-6-6)
Deciding to join the Fair Play Committee, remembering the meetings

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Sam Horino Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-6-10)
vh Sam Horino Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-6-10)
Memories of trial: "the decision was incorrect"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Art Emi Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-7-3)
vh Art Emi Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-7-3)
Making the decision to help the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Art Emi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-7-2)
vh Art Emi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-7-2)
Description in role of helping the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-8-3)
vh Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-8-3)
Feeling disappointed at Minoru Yasui's attempts to discourage a test case

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-8-6)
vh Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-8-6)
Feeling "betrayed" by the Japanese American Citizens League

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-9-8)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-9-8)
Response to JACL's name-calling: "it made me feel kind of betrayed"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-9-6)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-9-6)
Discussion of what made the Heart Mountain resistance different from other camps

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-9-5)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-9-5)
Attending meetings of the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-9-3)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-9-3)
Making the decision to resist the draft

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-9-10)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-9-10)
Remembering the famous photograph of the Heart Mountain resisters on trial

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

James Omura Interview II Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-11-6)
vh James Omura Interview II Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-11-6)
Writing the influential editorial "Let Us Not Be Rash"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

James Omura Interview II Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-11-2)
vh James Omura Interview II Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-11-2)
Being arrested and taken to Cheyenne jail

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

James Omura Interview II Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-11-10)
vh James Omura Interview II Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-11-10)
Memories of trial: supportive reporter, speaking to the jury

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

James Omura Interview II Segment 9 (ddr-densho-122-11-9)
vh James Omura Interview II Segment 9 (ddr-densho-122-11-9)
Hearing the verdict: "When I was acquitted, I felt I was justified"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, …

Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-8-1)
vh Yosh Kuromiya Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-8-1)
Discussion of strategies upon going on trial for draft resistance

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

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