Temporary Assembly Centers

In spring 1942, the Wartime Civil Control Administration (WCCA) hastily prepared temporary "assembly centers" to house the individuals of Japanese ancestry who were removed from their homes after the signing of Executive Order 9066. The centers were surrounded by barbed-wire fences and patrolled by armed military police. People were housed in animal stalls and barracks with communal bathrooms and mess halls. After spending up to six months in the "assembly centers," Japanese Americans were moved inland to permanent concentration camps.

World War II (231)
Temporary Assembly Centers (231)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Assembly centers, Fresno (detention facility), Marysville (detention facility), Mayer (detention facility), Merced (detention facility), Owens Valley (detention facility), Parker Dam (detention facility), Pinedale (detention facility), Pomona (detention facility), Portland (detention facility), Puyallup (detention facility), Sacramento (detention facility), Salinas (detention facility), Santa Anita (detention facility), Sites of incarceration, Stockton (detention facility), Tanforan (detention facility), Tulare (detention facility), Turlock (detention facility)

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231 items
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 18 (May 13, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-18)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 18 (May 13, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-18)
Selected article titles: "Plan Mark for Camp Walerga" (p.1), "More Specific Asian Breakdown in 1980 Census Requested" (p.1), "Needs of Asian Elderly Told to Federal Committee" (p.1, 3), "WCCA Preceded the WRA Camps" (p.2), "School Integration" (p.4), "Carnage in Cambodia" *p.5).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 6 (August 5, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-30)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 6 (August 5, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-30)
Selected article titles: "Pro-Minority Text Dropped from OK List" (p.1, 3), "Bakke Case Jeopardizes Civil Rights Won Since 1940s, Rep. Chisholm Tells JACL" (p.1, 3), "Internment Credit Bill Hearing Set" (p.2), "Assembly Centers to Be Historical Site" (p.2), "Fresno Senior Citizens Express Needs in Survey" (p.3), "Nisei in Japan: Japanese and Nikkei Influences" (p.8).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 104, No. 12 (March 27, 1987) (ddr-pc-59-12)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 104, No. 12 (March 27, 1987) (ddr-pc-59-12)
Selected article titles: "'More Perfect Union': Smithsonian Gets Hate Mail on JA Exhibit" (pp. 1, 3), "Walerga Park: WW2 Assembly Center Site Memorialized with Plaque" (pp. 1, 3), "JACL Personnel Manual: Framework for Discussion" (pp. 4-5), and "Backlash on the Campuses" (p. 5).
Program for the Seabiscuit Redecication event (September 23, 1991) (ddr-janm-4-18)
doc Program for the Seabiscuit Redecication event (September 23, 1991) (ddr-janm-4-18)
Program for the Seabiscuit Redecication event held at the Tanforan Race Track in San Bruno, California (September 23, 1991).
Newspaper clipping
doc Newspaper clipping "Tanforan, 1942" (ddr-janm-4-42)
Newspaper clipping titled "Tanforan, 1942". The article was written by Soji Kashiwagi on December 17, 1984.
Program for the Tanforan Committee Day of Rememberance event (February 19, 1979) (ddr-janm-4-15)
doc Program for the Tanforan Committee Day of Rememberance event (February 19, 1979) (ddr-janm-4-15)
Program for the Tanforan Committee Day of Rememberance event being held at the Tanforan Park Shopping Center (February 19, 1979).
Information sheet about the Tanforan Racetrack/Detention Center (ddr-janm-4-22)
doc Information sheet about the Tanforan Racetrack/Detention Center (ddr-janm-4-22)
Information sheet about the history of the Tanforan Racetrack/Detention Center.
Newspaper clipping
doc Newspaper clipping "Tanforan Assembly Center Plaque Dedication" (ddr-janm-4-43)
Newspaper clipping titled "Tanforan Assembly Center Plaque Dedication". The article was written by J.K. Yamamoto on September 25, 1991 for the Hokubei Mainichi newspaper.
doc "Seabiscuit Rededication" speech by Tsuyako "Sox" Kitashima (September 23, 1991) (ddr-janm-4-17)
Speech entitled "Seabiscuit Rededication" by Tsuyako "Sox" Kitashima (September 23, 1991). Speech was given at the Tanforan Racetrack in San Bruno, California.
Invitation to Tsuyako
doc Invitation to Tsuyako "Sox" Kitashima to a Tanforan Detention Center pilgrimage (February 19, 1979) (ddr-janm-4-21)
Invitation to Tsuyako "Sox" Kitashima from the Tanforan Committee to go on a pilgrimage to the Tanforan Detention Center for a Day of Remembrance on February 19, 1979.
Program for the Tanforan Detention Center Day of Remembrance event (February 19, 1979) (ddr-janm-4-20)
doc Program for the Tanforan Detention Center Day of Remembrance event (February 19, 1979) (ddr-janm-4-20)
Program for the Tanforan Detention Center Day of Remembrance event being held at the Tanforan Park Shopping Center (February 19, 1979).
Letter from Joseph Conard to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-103)
doc Letter from Joseph Conard to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-103)
Letter from Joseph Conard, Executive Secretary, National Japanese American Student Relocation Council West Coast Committee with instructions on how to proceed with student leave process.
Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Dr. Goss (ddr-densho-468-108)
doc Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Dr. Goss (ddr-densho-468-108)
Cover letter for application to University of Nebraska (no date)
Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to
doc Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to "Coach" (Ray Richards) (ddr-densho-468-110)
Typed draft explaining Ishikawa's seeking admission to the University of Nebraska with request for assistance (no date)
Letter from Joseph Conard to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-115)
doc Letter from Joseph Conard to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-115)
Explanation of Student Relocation program policies regarding Kibei
Short story:
doc Short story: "The outcast" / "The alien within" (ddr-densho-468-68)
Four typed drafts. First draft describes a Japanese American girl in the mid-20th century. Second, third, and fourth drafts describe incarceration. The story's name changes from "The outcast" to "The alien within" between drafts 2 and 3. Final draft has perspective shift from third-person narrator to first-person.
Book of 70th Anniversary of Japanese Congregational Church (ddr-densho-446-455)
doc Book of 70th Anniversary of Japanese Congregational Church (ddr-densho-446-455)
The Japanese Congregational Church's 70th Anniversary coincided with the 100th Anniversary of the Japanese Christian Mission in North America. This book traces the history of JCC within the larger setting of national and local events, and some of the photos and narratives may be of interest. Ai Chih Tsai was pastor at JCC from 1948 to …
Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Dr. Franklin Rolfe (ddr-densho-468-105)
doc Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Dr. Franklin Rolfe (ddr-densho-468-105)
Typed draft letter to Dr. Rolfe. Letter on reverse appears to be from separate correspondence.
Letter from Alfred Longueil to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-111)
doc Letter from Alfred Longueil to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-111)
Letter confirming that Longueil sent a letter to Dr. Goss per Ishikawa's request.
Writings on Student Relocation Program (ddr-densho-468-104)
doc Writings on Student Relocation Program (ddr-densho-468-104)
Narrative of Ishikawa's efforts to obtain student leave during incarceration. Narrative includes transcripts and copies of correspondence.
Letter from RW Goss to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-117)
doc Letter from RW Goss to Joseph Ishikawa (ddr-densho-468-117)
Letter noting that transcript from UCLA lists honorable dismissal, not bachelor's degree.
Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Mr. Gardner (ddr-densho-468-112)
doc Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Mr. Gardner (ddr-densho-468-112)
Letter explaining Ishikawa's application to University of Nebraska with request for assistance (no date)
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