Living conditions

All of the camps were constructed according to the War Department's specifications, which included barbed-wire fences, guard towers, and armed guards around the perimeter. The camps were organized in "blocks" consisting of twelve to fourteen barracks, a mess hall, communal showers and toilets, laundry facilities, and a recreation hall. Each barracks was divided into four or six rooms with each room housing one family, no matter how large, and there was no running water. The furnishings that Japanese Americans found on their arrival were canvas cots, a potbellied stove, and a single bare light bulb. The thin walls offered little protection from the harsh weather, which ranged from 110 degrees in the summer to 25 degrees below zero on winter nights. The flimsy construction allowed no privacy and made normal family life difficult. Camp inmates improved their own living conditions by creating interior walls and partitions, constructing furniture from scrap lumber, and planting gardens.

World War II (277)
Concentration camps (1771)
Living conditions (1870)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Arts and crafts in camp, Community analysts, Manzanar Children's Village

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1870 items
Isao Kameshige Interview Segment 10 (ddr-one-7-35-10)
vh Isao Kameshige Interview Segment 10 (ddr-one-7-35-10)
First arriving in Poston

This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.

Mas Okui Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-1003-13-14)
vh Mas Okui Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-1003-13-14)
Coping with the lack of privacy in camp

This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.

Sam H. Ono Interview Segment 12 (ddr-densho-1003-2-12)
vh Sam H. Ono Interview Segment 12 (ddr-densho-1003-2-12)
First arriving in Manzanar; having to share barracks with another family

This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department …

Frank Emi Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-1002-9-3)
vh Frank Emi Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-1002-9-3)
First impressions of Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming: a "miserable sight"

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Shosuke Sasaki Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-1002-2-7)
vh Shosuke Sasaki Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-1002-2-7)
Memories of Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho: two instances of "escaping" from camp

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not …

Hiroshi Kashiwagi Interview Segment 13 (ddr-densho-1002-4-13)
vh Hiroshi Kashiwagi Interview Segment 13 (ddr-densho-1002-4-13)
Memories of camp: curfew, gardens, and feeling isolated

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Hisaye Yamamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-1002-10-10)
vh Hisaye Yamamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-1002-10-10)
Feelings of camp residents: discouragement, bitterness, but also memories of fun activities

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not …

Hisaye Yamamoto Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-1002-10-7)
vh Hisaye Yamamoto Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-1002-10-7)
Recollections of Poston concentration camp, Arizona: heat, sand, and bad food

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Harry Ueno Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-1002-7-10)
vh Harry Ueno Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-1002-7-10)
First impressions of Manzanar concentration camp, California: dust and bad food

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Harry Ueno Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-1002-7-14)
vh Harry Ueno Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-1002-7-14)
Working to build a pond for the camp residents to enjoy while waiting in line for the mess hall

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the …

Harry Ueno Interview Segment 35 (ddr-densho-1002-7-35)
vh Harry Ueno Interview Segment 35 (ddr-densho-1002-7-35)
Thoughts on poor condition of Tule Lake concentration camp, California

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, …

Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-1002-8-14)
vh Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-1002-8-14)
Difficulties experienced in the day-to-day living conditions in camp

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 9 (ddr-densho-1002-8-9)
vh Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 9 (ddr-densho-1002-8-9)
Life in Manzanar concentration camp, California: lack of privacy, "dreadful food"

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-1002-8-8)
vh Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-1002-8-8)
First impressions of Manzanar, California: "it was so depressing"

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-1002-8-11)
vh Aiko Herzig Interview Segment 11 (ddr-densho-1002-8-11)
Memories of caring for a child in camp: washing diapers in an ill-equipped communal laundry room

This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this …

Matsue Watanabe Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-1001-9-8)
vh Matsue Watanabe Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-1001-9-8)
First memories of camp: poor food, living quarters, no privacy
Frank Kitamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-1001-25-10)
vh Frank Kitamoto Interview Segment 10 (ddr-densho-1001-25-10)
A child's memories of camp: primitive conditions, food poisoning
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