Education

Schools were quickly organized in the concentration camps, but they suffered from crude facilities and lack of teaching materials. Instruction was given for nursery through high school, and adult education was offered. Trained teachers were in short supply, however, and uncertified Japanese Americans with college degrees often filled in. The War Relocation Authority (WRA) deliberately emphasized Americanization in the education program. Some found it painfully ironic to watch incarcerated youth recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

World War II (231)
Concentration camps (1434)
Education (1448)

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1448 items

doc Second Year at Gila (ddr-densho-469-9)

A summary of the second year spent by camp inmates at the Gila River Relocation Center. Topics on the second year of the camp include the camp's administration, involvement in the war, predominant religions, schools, agriculture, recreation, and population, ending with a timeline of events.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-469-9/

img High school recess (ddr-densho-93-40)

Original Ansel Adams caption: High school recess period, Manzanar Relocation Center, California / photograph by Ansel Adams.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-93-40/

img Education Week sign (ddr-densho-93-52)

Original Ansel Adams caption: Education week sign / photograph by Ansel Adams.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-93-52/

img Fashion design class (ddr-densho-93-32)

Original Ansel Adams caption: Mrs. Ryie Yoshizawa, teacher, fashion designing class, Manzanar Relocation Center, California / photograph by Ansel Adams.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-93-32/

img Schoolchildren (ddr-densho-93-46)

Original Ansel Adams caption: School children, Manzanar Relocation Center, California / photograph by Ansel Adams.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-93-46/

img School photograph at Tule Lake (ddr-densho-350-2)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-350-2/

img Group photograph in Tule Lake (ddr-densho-350-1)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-350-1/

doc Kindergarten school certificate (ddr-densho-34-132)

As the opportunity arose for families to leave camp, the WRA issued certificates for the most recently completed grade to send to students' future schools. This certificate belonging to Frank Kitamoto was issued by the Stafford School at Minidoka concentration camp

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-34-132/

doc Report card (ddr-densho-34-140)

The project school at the Minidoka concentration camp issued this report card to Frank Kitamoto for the school year 1944-45. He was in kindergarten.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-34-140/

doc Annual summary report from nursery school (ddr-densho-34-135)

The nursery school at Minidoka concentration camp issued annual summary reports for its students. This report is for Y. (Frank) Kitamoto.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-34-135/

img Large group photo, with Heart Mountain in background (ddr-densho-464-95)

Inscription on front: Heart Mt embroidery class / 1944 / teacher Mr. Nagahama

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-464-95/

img Toshio Oku photo album (ddr-csujad-3-22)

Photo album is a collection of landscape and panoramic photos of Tule Lake incarceration camp, holiday greeting cards, photos of a fire, graduation portrait of Toshio Oku, group photo of the Electrical Department, and inside the print shop of the Newell Star. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tos_01_001_023

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-3-22/

img Toshio Oku graduation photo (ddr-csujad-3-8)

Portrait of Toshio Oku in what appears to be high school graduation cap and gown taken at Tule Lake. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tos_01_001_008

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-3-8/