Medical care and health issues

Medical and dental facilities were for the most part inadequate, lacking in both equipment and staff. Doctors and nurses were overworked, and treatment was often substandard as well as delayed. Camp inmates recall outbreaks of food poisoning, tuberculosis and dysentery epidemics, and preventable deaths of patients and newborns.

World War II (240)
Concentration camps (1640)
Medical care and health issues (459)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Medical care in camp

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459 items

img Photograph of Yone Akite, R.N., posing in front of a tree at Manzanar (ddr-csujad-47-189)

Photograph of Yone Akite, R.N., posing in front of a tree at Manzanar incarceration camp. She is in her nurse's uniform. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_merritt_0325

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-47-189/

img Photograph of four women posing next to a building with two cars in the background at Manzanar (ddr-csujad-47-197)

Photograph of four women posing next to a building with two cars in the background at Manzanar incarceration camp. Two of the women are wearing long flowery dresses. An administrative building can be seen in the behind the cars. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_merritt_0333

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-47-197/

img Photograph of Dagmar Quarnstrom and the hospital staff aides in front of the Manzanar hospital (ddr-csujad-47-193)

Photograph of Dagmar Quarnstrom and the hospital staff aides in front of the Manzanar hospital at the Manzanar incarceration camp. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_merritt_0329

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-47-193/

img Photograph of two women an a young child posing in front of the infirmary at Cow Creek Camp in Death Valley (ddr-csujad-47-135)

Photograph of two women an a young child posing in front of the infirmary at Cow Creek Camp in Death Valley National Park. Incarcerees were transferred to the former Civilian Conservation Camp after the Manzanar Riot for their own protection. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_merritt_0220

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-47-135/

doc Heart Mountain Relocation Project Fourth Community Council, 40th session (June 15, 1945) (ddr-csujad-45-34)

The council minutes feature the current locations of incarcerees. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMRC_01-01_063

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-45-34/

doc Heart Mountain Relocation Project Fourth Community Council, 29th session (May 8, 1945) (ddr-csujad-45-28)

The council minutes feature a report on the possibility of hospital ward 7 being reopened. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMRC_01-01_057

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-45-28/

doc Heart Mountain Relocation Project Third Community Council, 24th session (December 1, 1944) (ddr-csujad-45-4)

The council minutes feature a discussion on recommending the reopening of wards due to the increase of patients needing hospitalization. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMRC_01-01_033

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-45-4/

doc Heart Mountain Relocation Project Fourth Community Council, 44th session (June 29, 1945) (ddr-csujad-45-40)

The council minutes feature the notice on who is eligible for Pullman. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMRC_01-01_069

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-45-40/

doc Heart Mountain Relocation Project Fourth Community Council, 40th session (June 15, 1945) (ddr-csujad-45-35)

The council minutes feature the current locations of incarcerees. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMRC_01-01_064

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-45-35/

doc Heart Mountain Relocation Project Third Community Council, 16th session (November 8, 1944) (ddr-csujad-45-2)

The council minutes feature a discussion on the possibility of the West Coast being reopened, difficulties for patients in obtaining timely optometry service, and the current food situation. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMRC_01-01_031

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-45-2/

doc Manzanar From Inside Out (ddr-csujad-19-2)

Text of address by Roy Nash, Director of the Manzanar War Relocation Project, given to the Commonwealth Club of California, San Francisco, on July 31, 1942 for the purpose of "interpret[ing] the actuality of a War Relocation Center housing 10,000 evacuees" in view of perceptions of mistreatment of incarcerees in California. Sections of the speech include …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-2/

doc Letter from children of Kihichi Sakamoto to Project Director [Raymond R. Best], February 14, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-94)

Letter from three of his children, Tatsuo, Manabu, and Osamu Sakamoto, requests the release of their father, Kihichi Sakamoto, from the Army Stockade, for the sake of their mother's "health and mind" stating that she has been ill since their stay in Heart Mountain the previous year and has suffered a relapse upon her husband's imprisonment …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-94/

doc [Report on Tule Lake disorders] (ddr-csujad-2-64)

A report written from the Community Analysis Section at Camp Granada regarding transfers to Amache Camp from Tule Lake Camp. The report describes the protests at Tule Lake Camp which led to martial law from November, 1943-January 1944. Highlights of the report include protests against the low quality and quantity of food present at Tule Lake …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-64/

doc Memo from Co-ordinating Committee to R. [Raymond] R. Best, Project Director, Kiyotake, February 5, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-71)

Memo requesting for release of Abe. Describes the situation of Abe (Joe Kiyotake Abe), who had been in Army custody since the end of December, 1943, and whose wife was hospitalized, leaving their three children without parental care. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0071

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-71/

img Six-year-old Reiko Mastuda, convalescing from serious illness at Jerome incarceration camp (ddr-csujad-14-16)

Six-year-old Reiko Matsuda, convalescing from serious illness at Jerome incarceration camp, is looked after by nurse's aid Chiyo Okata. March 11, 1943. Photo by Tom Parker. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMLSC_TOMO_016

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-14-16/

img Four technicians and a blood-test patient in hospital laboratory at Granada incarceration camp (ddr-csujad-14-47)

Four technicians and a blood-test patient in hospital laboratory at Granada incarceration camp. December 12, 1942. Photo by Tom Parker. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMLSC_TOMO_f12

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-14-47/

img School nurse administrating throat swabbing to grade school students at Granada incarceration camp (ddr-csujad-14-4)

School nurse administrating throat swabbing to grade school students at Granada incarceration camp. December 10, 1942. Photo by Tom Parker. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMLSC_TOMO_004

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-14-4/

img Former Californian Dr. Fugikawa examining a patient (ddr-csujad-14-14)

Former Californian Dr. Fugikawa examining a patient, S. Ego, with Jerome incarceration camp hospital's fluoroscope. March 11, 1943. Photo by Tom Parker. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMLSC_TOMO_014

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-14-14/

img Former California biochemistry student Tom Arase (ddr-csujad-14-15)

Former California biochemistry student Tom Arase performs gastro analysis in hospital laboratory at Jerome incarceration camp March 3, 1943. Photo by Tom Parker. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: HMLSC_TOMO_015

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-14-15/

img Dentists of Rivers Community Hospital (ddr-csujad-11-196)

A photograph of the dentists at the Rivers Community Hospital at the Gila River incarceration camp in Arizona. Each of the dentists' names are provided as well as their hometowns. Standing, left to right: Dr. Obo Sakaguchi- Los Angeles, Dr. Kawamura- San Jose, Dr. Kiyoshi Sonoda- Los Angeles, Dr. C. Nishi- San Francisco, Dr. Masao Sugiyama- …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-11-196/

img Clinical demonstration (ddr-csujad-11-197)

A photograph documents a clinical demonstration by the dentists of the Rivers Community Hospital at the Gila River incarceration camp, Arizona. From page 78 of: Tazu Kawamoto photo album (csudh_taz_0001). See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: taz_01_78_002

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-11-197/

img Alan Ladd, Sue Carroll [Carrol], and Bill Kato [with an injured man] (ddr-csujad-56-313)

Two injured men, including Bill Kato, play cards, while Alan Ladd and Sue Carol look on. Taken at Fitzsimmons General Hospital. Handwritten text on back of photo reads, "Taken at Fitz. Gen. on Dec. 12, 1944, including Alan Ladd, Sue Carroll and Bill Kato." The original image is housed with the Sonoma County Japanese American Citizens …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-56-313/

doc Dr. Frank Nishio interview (ddr-csujad-6-26)

Oral history interview with Dr. Frank Nishio. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: SCRC_NISHIO_FRANK

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-6-26/

doc Dr. Kikuo H. Taira (ddr-csujad-8-70)

Oral history interview with Dr. Kikuo H. Taira. Information on the oral history project is found in: csuf_stp_0012A; Glossary in: csuf_stp_0014. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: FCPL Taira, Dr Kikuo

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-8-70/

doc Mr. and Mrs. Torazo Ouchi (ddr-csujad-8-60)

Oral history interview with Torazo and Hanako Ouchi. Information on the oral history project is found in: csuf_stp_0012A; Glossary in: csuf_stp_0014. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: FCPL Ouchi, Mr and Mrs Torazo

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-8-60/