Concentration camps

The War Relocation Authority (WRA) oversaw construction of ten concentration camps in sparsely populated and isolated areas. Between June and October 1942, Japanese Americans were transferred from the "assembly centers" to the larger camps. Housing approximately 120,000 people, the camps were designed to be self-contained communities, complete with hospitals, post offices, schools, warehouses, and residential areas. The WRA attempted to establish normalcy by setting up newspapers, a degree of self-government, sports leagues, and social events. But confinement, monotony, and harsh conditions exacerbated tensions between pro- and anti-camp administration residents and between the disempowered Issei and their U.S.-born Nisei children. At several centers, conflicts erupted into violence and at the Manzanar concentration camp the unrest resulted in fatal shootings. The WRA gradually granted work and school leave to those they considered "loyal." The last camp closed in March 1946.

World War II (231)
Concentration camps (1434)

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1434 items

doc Poston Camp hearing bares shameful facts (ddr-csujad-19-61)

An article from "Los Angeles examiner" published on June 20, 1943. It describes the training of a tactical unit, mob rule and open rebellion in the Poston incarceration camp in Arizona. It also discusses the reasons for these shameful activities to be the lack of central authority to assume responsibility and the confusion among the administration. …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-61/

doc 'What about Hugh Kiino' (ddr-csujad-19-82)

This article from a magazine "Harper's," vol. 187, no. 1121 (October 1943), by S. Burton Heath is about a Japanese American citizen called Hugh Kiino. It addresses how Kiino, his wife, and seven thousand other Japanese Americans were forced by the United States army to leave their homes, desert their businesses and enter incarceration camps. See …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-82/

doc Trouble among Japanese Americans (ddr-csujad-19-38)

This is an article from the magazine "The New Republic," vol. 108, no. 5, number 1470, by Isamu Noguchi describing the trouble and unrest among Japanese Americans in the war relocation centers following the entry of the United States in the second world war due to the attack on Pearl Harbor. See this object in the …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-38/

doc Jap relocation probe begins, June 28, 1943 (ddr-csujad-19-60)

The document describes the investigation of conditions in the incarceration camps in the West. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: WRA_02-14_01

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-60/

doc 'Jap Crow' Experiment (ddr-csujad-19-43)

This is an article from the magazine "The Nation" by John Larison which discusses in detail about the living conditions of the "evacuees" in the war relocation centers. It talks about how the war relocation centers had only a few facilities for recreation, the low quality of education and the economic conditions of the people in …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-43/

doc Memo from Co-ordinating Committee to Mr. W. [Willard E.] Schmidt, Chief of Administrative Police, March 24, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-69)

Memo regarding new list of fielders. Presents list of active, terminated, and new fielders and messengers of the committee, including dates of entry and termination. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0069

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-69/

doc Relocation Center standard description, Assistant Clerk-Stenographer (CAF-3) (ddr-csujad-2-77)

Description for Position #X-1007, Assistant Clerk-Stenographer (CAF-3) includes general description, distinguishing features from other clerk positions, and examples of work. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0077

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-77/

doc Scrapbook of Eddie Muraoka (ddr-csujad-15-4)

Fourth of four scrapbooks of clippings about Japanese American incarceration during World War II. Compiled by Eddie Muraoka. Other three scrapbooks are fond in items: csun_ems_001, csun_ems_002, and csun_ems_003. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: EMS_04

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-15-4/

doc Scrapbook of Eddie Muraoka (ddr-csujad-15-2)

Second of four scrapbooks of clippings about Japanese American incarceration during World War II. Compiled by Eddie Muraoka. Other three scrapbooks are fond in items: csun_ems_001, csun_ems_003, and csun_ems_004. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: EMS_02

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-15-2/

doc Scrapbook of Eddie Muraoka (ddr-csujad-15-1)

One of four scrapbooks of clippings about Japanese American incarceration during World War II. Compiled by Eddie Muraoka. Other three scrapbooks are fond in items: csun_ems_002, csun_ems_003, and csun_ems_004. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: EMS_01

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-15-1/

doc Scrapbook of Eddie Muraoka (ddr-csujad-15-3)

Third of four scrapbooks of clippings about Japanese American incarceration during World War II. Compiled by Eddie Muraoka. Other three scrapbooks are fond in items: csun_ems_001, csun_ems_002, and csun_ems_004. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: EMS_03

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-15-3/

doc Poston Community Enterprises remodling [remodeling] sale (ddr-csujad-16-1)

Announcement for a "penny sale" held by the manager of Camp 1 Store 3, stating that Community Enterprises is soliciting people's patronage; includes a list of merchandise that customers' extra pennies would buy. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: JAIC_01-14_01

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-16-1/

doc Report on Alien Internee Camps (ddr-csujad-18-7)

This report by Howard W. Elkinton describes three alien internment camps at Seagoville, Kenedy and Crystal City and describes living conditions of the internees. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: RSG_01-06_03

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-18-7/

doc Administrative instruction, no. 22, July 20, 1942 (ddr-csujad-18-8)

This document discusses about the temporary procedures fro issuance of permits to individuals or single families to leave relocation centers for employment. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: RSG_01-01_05

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-18-8/

img Cross (ddr-csujad-13-7)

A Christian cross is pictured on top of a hillside. The caption on back of photograph reads, "Cross erected by Christian Japs at highest peak in Nov 43 E camp in foreground." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_002

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-7/

img Man on the Lookout (ddr-csujad-13-12)

A soldier sits in a rock formation with binoculars. Caption on back of photograph reads, "H.J.W. lying in cave of highest peak overlooking Camp Tulelake glancing [through] glasses pointed toward Jap camp." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_007

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-12/

img Group Poses Next to Cross (ddr-csujad-13-23)

A group of unidentified men pose together next to what appears to be a religious cross. The caption on front of photograph reads, "Tullelake." The men are most likely guards or soldiers stationed at the Tule Lake incarceration camp. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_018

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-23/

img Men Posing Together (ddr-csujad-13-21)

A group of men, most likely soldiers, pose together. The caption on front of photograph reads, "On way to Tullelake Nov 43." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_016

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-21/

img Man in Winter (ddr-csujad-13-32)

A man stands in front of a building holding some sort of cloth. The caption on front of photograph reads, "Cover the Doorway." The caption on back of photograph reads, "Pte Babbs 2/1/43." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_027

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-32/

img Housing Barracks (ddr-csujad-13-19)

A distant view of housing barracks inside Tulelake with a handwritten caption at the bottom of the photograph that reads, "Jap quarters Tulelake." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_014

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-19/

img Inscription on a Hill (ddr-csujad-13-8)

An inscription was placed on a mountain side that reads, "1943 Aug. 31 Katsumi Sato, Tsutomu Matsumoto, Masato Nakashima, Kiyoshi Fukumitsu Paint Crew." Caption on back of photograph reads, "inscription at top of highest peak by Japs during Christian gathering in Aug 43. Japs inscription is only date of gathering." See this object in the California …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-8/

img Landscape (ddr-csujad-13-5)

A landscape photograph depicts the area surrounding the Tule Lake incarceration camp. The caption on back of photograph reads, "View from hill tops and surrounding Tulelake Camp in Calif. (43)." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_032

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-5/

img Incarcerees of Tule Lake (ddr-csujad-13-16)

The photograph depicts people walking in the distance towards some structures in the Tule Lake incarceration camp. The caption on back of photograph reads, "Japs just about to enter stockade under guard." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_011

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-16/

img Soldiers in Uniform (ddr-csujad-13-24)

A group of soldiers pose together in uniform. The caption on front of photograph reads, "Town Patrol." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_019

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-24/

img Photograph from Inside a Vehicle (ddr-csujad-13-10)

A photograph taken from inside a vehicle at the Tule Lake incarceration camp. Caption on back of photograph reads, "Japs walking on their streets during disturbance. Nov 43. Tulelake Calif." See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tul_01_01_005

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-13-10/