Arrival

Labor contractors transported workers from Japan to work on Hawaiian sugar plantations. Many Japanese then emigrated to the mainland and worked for lumber companies, railroads, and canneries. In the early 1900s these immigrants began to establish families through the picture bride system (shashin-kekkon, literally "photograph marriage"). Immigrant bachelors sent photographs and information about themselves to go-betweens (baishakunin) who arranged meetings with the families in Japan. Marriage ceremonies took place in Japan (without bridegrooms), then the new brides traveled to the United States to join their husbands. Many arrived to discover that their husbands had misrepresented their appearances or situations.

Immigration and citizenship (469)
Arrival (212)

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212 items

doc Letter from Seido Ogawa to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-292)

Ogawa will travel to San Diego on July 18 to meet with Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai and with Haruo Ishimaru.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-292/

doc Letter from Ryo Tsai to H.A. Blundin (ddr-densho-446-304)

Thank you for letter. Ai Chih Tsai has submitted his necessary paperwork to the American Consul in Shanghai and that his case would be forwarded to the State Department. Ai Chih Tsai's parents are both Formosans of Chinese descent but remained in Formosa after 1895. After V-J Day (Aug 15, 1945), Formosa reverted to China, and …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-304/

doc Letter from Ryo Tsai to Robert Cashman (ddr-densho-446-284)

Situation is more complicated. Mixed information about next steps. Ai Chih Tsai will work with Shanghai Consulate and Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai will work with Immigration and Naturalization Service in Philadelphia. Ryo is trying to find Ai Chih a job through working with the Reverends Kikuchi, Ogawa, and Chapman (Presbyterian office in San Francisco)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-284/

doc Ryo Morikawa Recollections (ddr-densho-446-349)

Autobiography: Ryo's parents, Life in San Diego, 11 months in Japan, Evacuation, Married Life

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-349/

doc Letter from Tei Utsunomiya, Secretary to Seido Ogawa, to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-298)

Arrangements for Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai to travel to Los Angeles to meet with Miss Leung on July 25. Seido Ogawa will meet Ryo at the train station.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-298/

doc Newspaper article: S.D. Pastor Starts Home - UNRRA Aid Returning from Formosa (ddr-densho-446-407)

Newspaper profile on Ai Chih Tsai return to U.S. (October 1947)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-407/

doc Letter from Seido Ogawa to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-307)

Ogawa met with Robert Cashman to discuss employment for Ai Chih Tsai. Request for Ai Chih Tsai to write to them for further assistance.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-307/

doc Letter from Seido Ogawa to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-286)

Ogawa is working on a job for Ai Chih Tsai. Query if Ai Chih is interested in a west coast church in Southern California or Seattle

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-286/

doc Letter from Robert Cashman to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-308)

This IS good news. Cashman is glad to hear that Ai Chih Tsai is on his way home. Advice to Ryo to allow Ai Chih time to rest when he arrives. Congratulations to Ryo for her work in the school system.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-308/

doc Letter from Robert Cashman to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-287)

Enclosed is Cashman's letter of support for Ai Chih Tsai

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-287/

doc Letter from Ryo Tsai to United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) (ddr-densho-446-299)

Request for assistance with Ai Chih Tsai's visa application. Request for documentation of Ai Chih Tsai's travel arrangements with UNRRA as well as any record of conversations regarding his return to the US. US Consulate in Shanghai and US State Department must approve Ai Chih Tsai's visa for him to return.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-299/

doc Letter from Robert Cashman to Gail Grove (ddr-densho-446-7)

Robert Cashman thanks Gail Grove for the gift she gave to Ai Chih Tsai. Ai Chih Tsai said he would send it to his church in Formosa.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-7/

doc Letter from Robert Cashman to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-302)

Thank you for letter. Mr. Shimadzu may not be of legal help, but he may have some helpful ideas.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-302/

doc Letter from Robert Cashman to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-300)

Introduction for Ai Chih Tsai to write to Rev. Misaki Shimadzu in Shanghai for assistance with visa.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-300/

doc Letter from Ryo Tsai to Albert W. Palmer (ddr-densho-446-277)

Request for assistance returning Ai Chih Tsai to the United States. Immigrant quota from China is 150 with thousands waiting to immigrate. Ai Chih Tsai needs assurance of employment.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-277/

doc Letter from Robert Cashman to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-293)

Employment offer from Chicago Theological Seminary is bona fide and offered in good faith to satisfy immigration requirements, though Cashman has it in mind that Ai Chih Tsai may not accept it. All is well in Chicago.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-293/

doc Letter from H.A. Blundin, UNRRA, to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-303)

Clarification of situation. Ai Chih Tsai has to use quota system as a Chinese citizen wanting to immigrate to US. There is quota availability at this time. UNRRA is in contact with Shanghai and will do all it can.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-303/

doc Letter from Seido Ogawa to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-309)

Request to meet when Ai Chih Tsai returns to talk about a church for Ai Chih Tsai.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-309/

doc Letter from Seido Ogawa to Ryo Tsai (ddr-densho-446-297)

International Institute contacted Ogawa with 3 questions about Ai Chih Tsai situation. Invitation for Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai to visit Los Angeles to discuss the matter with Miss Leung and Miss Durward of International Institute

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-297/

doc Letter from Ryo Tsai to Robert Cashman (ddr-densho-446-291)

Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai received letter from Immigration and Naturalization Service office in Philadelphia saying that she cannot petition for Ai Chih Tsai's return since he is a Chinese citizen. Applying for immigration is the only route. Ai Chih Tsai will stay in US at least 5 years and wants to work in a West Coast church.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-291/

doc Letter from Ryo Tsai to Robert Cashman (ddr-densho-446-295)

Thank you very much for job offer at Chicago Theological Seminary for Ai Chih Tsai. Hopeful that this will be a deciding factor in his obtaining a visa. ACT wrote that there is no updates on his case from Shanghai.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-295/

doc Letter from Gordon K. Chapman to Ai Chih Tsai (ddr-densho-446-273)

Chapman agrees to find a specific field for Ai Chih Tsai. Request for full details of Tsai's Christian ministry in the US.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-273/

doc Carbon copy letter from Ai Chih Tsai to Ng Boksu (ddr-densho-446-413)

Responding to Ng Boksu's inquiry about Taiwanese in the U.S. just before WWII. (5 pages)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-413/

doc Letter from Ryo Tsai to Robert Cashman (ddr-densho-446-301)

Ai Chih Tsai is getting help from the UNRRA Shanghai office and will do all it can to get him a visa before Sept when the UNRRA office will close. Ai Chih Tsai's brother is in Shanghai and they are enjoying their visit together. No available West Coast church for Ai Chih Tsai at present.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-301/

doc Three newspaper articles (ddr-densho-446-408)

Photocopy of three news articles on Ai Chih Tsai's return to US. Headlines: San Diego Union 1947, U.S. Formosa Aide Lives in San Diego;S.D. Pastor Starts Home - UNRRA Aid Returning from Formosa; Formosan Minister to Join Wife Here

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-408/