Redress and reparations

In the late 1960s, Japanese Americans began to revisit the history of the exclusion and incarceration period in order to seek justice for their suffering and ensure that no such wrong would ever be committed again. Years of effort by community activists, politicians, academics, and other supporters culminated on August 10, 1988, with the signing of the Civil Liberties Act by President Ronald Reagan. This Act rescinded Executive Order 9066, and mandated an official apology from the federal government, monetary reparations payments to individuals excluded and incarcerated, and the creation of a federal fund for research and education about the incarceration.

Redress and reparations (954)

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954 items

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 12 (April 1, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-12)

Selected article titles: "93% Responding to Survey on Reparations Check 'Yes'" (p.1), "Carter-Fukuda Talk Over Major Problems" (p.1), "Six Judicial Errors, Jury Misconduct Charged as Wendy Casae Now on Appeal" (p.2), "Integration May Erase Mochitsuki" (p.3), "JACLers in Action in America's Heartland" (p.4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-12/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 13 (April 8, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-13)

Selected article titles: "1400 Nikkei Turnout for Hayakawa" (p.1), "East Coast Nikkei Less Inclined for Individual Reparation Pay" (p.1), "The Great Drought of '77" (p.3), "The Intermarriage Question" (p.5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-13/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 8 (March 4, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-8)

Selected article titles: "Question of Nisei Loyalty to U.S. Raised by Carter Transition Staff" (p.1), "Hirabayashi Cites Value of Education in Reparations" (p.1, 3), "Carter Virtually Ignores Asian American Appointees" (p.2), "Hokazono: Colorado Pioneer" (p.5), "Internment Credit Bill" (p.5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-8/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 1 (January 7-14, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-1)

Selected article titles: "Trial Nears End, Defense Calls Wendy [Yoshimura]" (p.1, 12), "Office of Education Adds New Unit to Help Asian and Pacific Americans" (p.1-2), "A Legacy: 20 Suggestions for Reparations" (p.2), "Volunteer Power, Unltd." (p.5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-1/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 13 (September 23, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-37)

Selected article titles: "JACL and CIC Testify for Evacuee Credit" (p.1), "JACL Looks at U.S.-Japan Friendship Act" (p.1), "EXECOM Actions Colored 'Gravenstein'" (p.1-2), "Ethnic Past's Preservation Is State's Aim" (p.2), "Reparations Survey Underway" (p.3), "YPCC Reunion-Every 50 Years" (p.4), "No 'Farewell to Manzanar'" (p.8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-37/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 11 (March 25, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-11)

Selected article titles: "Ariyoshi Plan to Save Hawaii Life Style Against Population Growth May Need Type of Justification Used for Evacuation" (p.1, 3), "New JACL Director Is Karl Nobuyuki" (p.1), "Text for Tule Lake Plaque OK" (p.1), "Reparation Grants to Community Groups Seen as 'Misappropriation' by Seattleites" (p.3), "Somtething's Rotten in the U.S.: Anti-Nisei Racism" (p.4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-11/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 3 (July 15, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-27)

Selected article titles: "Capital Columnists Back Evacuee Bill" (p.1), "Defense Dept. Hit for Lack of Affirmative Plan" (p.1), "Citizens Committee Formed to Probe Educational System in San Benito" (p.1-2), "Wave of the Future: Asian American Togetherness" (p.5), "Hiroshima 'Maiden' Credits U.S. Family for Inner Peace" (p.7).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-27/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 20 (November 11, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-44)

Selected article titles: "Affirmative Action Compliance Means Changing Racial Stereotypes on Jobs" (p.1-2), "Nisei Among 'Most Powerful L.A. Women'" (p.2), "Pilgrimages and Reparations" (p.4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-44/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 19 (November 4, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-43)

Selected article titles: "Nisei Recall Auto Insurance Bias" (p.1, 3), "The Curious Marriage of Osaka and Arkansas" (p.1, 4), "WW2 PWs Seek Legal Ground to Sue for Illegal Treatment" (p.3), "Why Reparations?" (p.4), "Japanese Americans Rediscovering Their Roots" (p.6).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-43/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 7 (February 25, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-7)

Selected article titles: "Nisei As Group Will 'Disappear' by 2000, Kitano Speculates" (p.1-2), "Schichinosuke Asano, Pioneer Newspaperman Came to America to 'Help People'" (p.1, 3), "Pacific Basin Trade 'Most Promising'" (p.3), "Asian American Advocacy" (p.5, 7).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-7/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 14 (September 30, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-38)

Selected article titles: "Census Bureau Plans to Drop 'Asian/Pac Island' Category" (p.1), "UC Davis Winning War of Briefs in Bakke Case" (p.1), "EXECOM Looks at Reparations" (p.1-2, 4), "E-1 Visa Student Privilege in Other States Encouraged" (p.2), "Tacoma Reunion-One Man's View" (p.3, 7), "Japanese Christian Mission Centennial in U.S. All Set" (p.7).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-38/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 21 (November 18, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-45)

Selected article titles: "Supreme Court: Rights of Alien to Be Police Argued, Other Major Cases on Aliens Still Pending" (p.1), "Seattle JACLer in Prominent Role at National Women's Conference" (p.1), "Carter Team Lashed for Shunning the Nikkei" (p.1, 9), "Reparations? No!" (p.4), "Evacuees from Peru" (p.5), "Calif. Agriculture and the Nikkei" (p.7), "A Third Position Presented …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-45/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 17 (October 21, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-41)

Selected article titles: "Bakke Argument Takes Two Hours, Asian American Question Raised" (p.1), "Amy Doi Suing JACL for $62,000" (p.1), "Internment Credit Bill Advances" (p.1), "Senate Committee Favors Hawaii Reparations Bill" (p.2), "Civil Rights Commission Backs Affirmative Action" (p.2), "JACL Principles in Practice" (p.4), "Road Out of the Tule Lake" (p.5), "Japanese American Curriculum Project: Fulfilling …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-41/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 9 (March 11, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-9)

Selected article titles: "Farm Leader Harry Kubo to Address Tri-District" (p.1-2), "NIMH Director Cites Issues Facing JACL" (p.1), "TV Newsman Carried Pardon Banner Since '68" (p.1-2), "Intermountain Feedback on Reparations Sought" (p.2, 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-9/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 26 (December 16, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-49)

Selected article titles: "Outstanding Chemists to Be Honored" (p.1-2), "Predict Most Vietnam Refugees to Be at Work" (p.1-2), "The Day I Quit Judo" (p.4), "Equal Opportunity in California-A New Era" (p.5), "Women in JACL" (p.7).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-49/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 77, No. 19, (November 9, 1973) (ddr-pc-45-44)

Select article titles: "Senator Inouye Prefaces Appeal: JACL Bldg. Fund Drive Blasts Off" (p.1); "Evacuee Reparation Input Sought" (p.1); "Philadelphia JACL Seeks Papers for Its Local History" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-45-44/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 13 (September 27, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-38)

Selected article titles: "Reparations Bill Offered, Taps Reversion Funds" (p. 1), "Hawaii Politics: See Five Nikkei in Line for Five Top Demo Nominations" (p. 1), and "Merriam to List 'Jap' in '75 Issue of Collegiate" (p. 3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-46-38/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 6 (August 9, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-31)

Selected article titles: "Population in World Casts Dim U.S. Future" (pp. 1, 6), "Reparations for Evacuees Still High on JACL Priority" (p. 1), "Sen. Daniel Inouye: On World Population" (pp. 2, 5), and "Kiyoshi Hirano: Dubbed Stockton's Henry Kissinger, He Negotiates Return of Temple Bell" (p. 3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-46-31/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 20 (November 15, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-45)

Selected article titles: "JACL--National Board: New Evacuee Reparation Concept Without Massive Pay Bill Explained" (p. 1), "San Francisco Nihonmachi: Agency's 10-Year Report" (pp. 1, 3), and "Topaz Revisited: Desert Sands Reclaiming History" (pp. 1, 3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-46-45/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 23 (December 6, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-48)

Selected article titles: "Attorneys Back Reparation Bid" (pp. 1-2), "Cleveland JACL: Am I Minority Always?" (p. 2), "San Francisco Nihonmachi: Destruction--Dispersal" (p. 2), and "Judge Invalidates UC Minority Admissions" (p. 3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-46-48/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 12 (September 19, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-37)

Selected article titles: "Dean Speaks at Tri-District: Seek 'Redress' for Evacuees" (p. 1), "Manuscript of Canada Nikkei History Written" (pp. 1, 3), "House Repeals E.O. 9066" (p. 1), and "Guest Column: Women in Japan" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-47-37/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 15 (October 10, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-40)

Selected article titles: "MDC Reparations Survey" (pp. 1, 3), "Sen. Inouye Explains Final Lesson to Be Learned from Watergate Trauma" (p. 1), "Editorials: A Battered Manzanar Plaque" (p. 2), and "Ye Editor's Desk: Other Thoughts on the Visit" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-47-40/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 14 (October 3, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-39)

Selected article titles: "Nisei Farm Problems Aired" (p. 1), "Nikkei Back at Poston for Look" (pp. 1-2), "Manzanar Plaque Found Defaced" (p. 1), and "From the Frying Pan: John Dean on Redress" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-47-39/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 80, No. 18 (May 9, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-18)

Selected article titles: "Viet Exodus Stirs Racism" (pp. 1-2), "Minority One: Lesson of a Pilgrimage" (pp. 1-2), "JACL-Political Education: How Should We Seek Reparations?" (pp. 1-2), and "Book Review: A Crucial Japan-American Period" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-47-18/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 80, No. 2 (January 17, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-2)

Selected article titles: "Dean Interested in Evacuee Reparations" (p. 1), "Little Tokyo Redevelopment: Northsiders Tiff with City Hall" (p. 1), and "The Rice Act of 1974: Manna in the U.S." (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-47-2/