Redress and reparations

In the late 1960s, Japanese Americans began to revisit the history of the exclusion and incarceration period in order to seek justice for their suffering and ensure that no such wrong would ever be committed again. Years of effort by community activists, politicians, academics, and other supporters culminated on August 10, 1988, with the signing of the Civil Liberties Act by President Ronald Reagan. This Act rescinded Executive Order 9066, and mandated an official apology from the federal government, monetary reparations payments to individuals excluded and incarcerated, and the creation of a federal fund for research and education about the incarceration.

Redress and reparations (966)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Civil Liberties Act of 1988, Civil Liberties Public Education Fund, Emergency Detention Act, Title II of the Internal Security Act of 1950, Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga, William Hohri, Bill Hosokawa, Japanese American Evacuation Claims Act, Yuri Kochiyama, Magic cables, Kazuo Masuda, Robert Matsui, Spark Matsunaga, Norman Mineta, National Coalition for Redress/Reparations, National Council for Japanese American Redress, James Omura, Redress movement, Termination of Executive Order 9066, Mary Tsukamoto, Edison Uno, Clifford Uyeda

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966 items
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 12 (April 1, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-12)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 12 (April 1, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-12)
Selected article titles: "93% Responding to Survey on Reparations Check 'Yes'" (p.1), "Carter-Fukuda Talk Over Major Problems" (p.1), "Six Judicial Errors, Jury Misconduct Charged as Wendy Casae Now on Appeal" (p.2), "Integration May Erase Mochitsuki" (p.3), "JACLers in Action in America's Heartland" (p.4).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 13 (April 8, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-13)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 13 (April 8, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-13)
Selected article titles: "1400 Nikkei Turnout for Hayakawa" (p.1), "East Coast Nikkei Less Inclined for Individual Reparation Pay" (p.1), "The Great Drought of '77" (p.3), "The Intermarriage Question" (p.5).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 8 (March 4, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-8)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 8 (March 4, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-8)
Selected article titles: "Question of Nisei Loyalty to U.S. Raised by Carter Transition Staff" (p.1), "Hirabayashi Cites Value of Education in Reparations" (p.1, 3), "Carter Virtually Ignores Asian American Appointees" (p.2), "Hokazono: Colorado Pioneer" (p.5), "Internment Credit Bill" (p.5).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 1 (January 7-14, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-1)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 1 (January 7-14, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-1)
Selected article titles: "Trial Nears End, Defense Calls Wendy [Yoshimura]" (p.1, 12), "Office of Education Adds New Unit to Help Asian and Pacific Americans" (p.1-2), "A Legacy: 20 Suggestions for Reparations" (p.2), "Volunteer Power, Unltd." (p.5).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 13 (September 23, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-37)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 13 (September 23, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-37)
Selected article titles: "JACL and CIC Testify for Evacuee Credit" (p.1), "JACL Looks at U.S.-Japan Friendship Act" (p.1), "EXECOM Actions Colored 'Gravenstein'" (p.1-2), "Ethnic Past's Preservation Is State's Aim" (p.2), "Reparations Survey Underway" (p.3), "YPCC Reunion-Every 50 Years" (p.4), "No 'Farewell to Manzanar'" (p.8).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 11 (March 25, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-11)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 11 (March 25, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-11)
Selected article titles: "Ariyoshi Plan to Save Hawaii Life Style Against Population Growth May Need Type of Justification Used for Evacuation" (p.1, 3), "New JACL Director Is Karl Nobuyuki" (p.1), "Text for Tule Lake Plaque OK" (p.1), "Reparation Grants to Community Groups Seen as 'Misappropriation' by Seattleites" (p.3), "Somtething's Rotten in the U.S.: Anti-Nisei Racism" (p.4).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 3 (July 15, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-27)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 3 (July 15, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-27)
Selected article titles: "Capital Columnists Back Evacuee Bill" (p.1), "Defense Dept. Hit for Lack of Affirmative Plan" (p.1), "Citizens Committee Formed to Probe Educational System in San Benito" (p.1-2), "Wave of the Future: Asian American Togetherness" (p.5), "Hiroshima 'Maiden' Credits U.S. Family for Inner Peace" (p.7).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 20 (November 11, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-44)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 20 (November 11, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-44)
Selected article titles: "Affirmative Action Compliance Means Changing Racial Stereotypes on Jobs" (p.1-2), "Nisei Among 'Most Powerful L.A. Women'" (p.2), "Pilgrimages and Reparations" (p.4).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 19 (November 4, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-43)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 19 (November 4, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-43)
Selected article titles: "Nisei Recall Auto Insurance Bias" (p.1, 3), "The Curious Marriage of Osaka and Arkansas" (p.1, 4), "WW2 PWs Seek Legal Ground to Sue for Illegal Treatment" (p.3), "Why Reparations?" (p.4), "Japanese Americans Rediscovering Their Roots" (p.6).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 7 (February 25, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-7)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 7 (February 25, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-7)
Selected article titles: "Nisei As Group Will 'Disappear' by 2000, Kitano Speculates" (p.1-2), "Schichinosuke Asano, Pioneer Newspaperman Came to America to 'Help People'" (p.1, 3), "Pacific Basin Trade 'Most Promising'" (p.3), "Asian American Advocacy" (p.5, 7).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 14 (September 30, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-38)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 14 (September 30, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-38)
Selected article titles: "Census Bureau Plans to Drop 'Asian/Pac Island' Category" (p.1), "UC Davis Winning War of Briefs in Bakke Case" (p.1), "EXECOM Looks at Reparations" (p.1-2, 4), "E-1 Visa Student Privilege in Other States Encouraged" (p.2), "Tacoma Reunion-One Man's View" (p.3, 7), "Japanese Christian Mission Centennial in U.S. All Set" (p.7).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 21 (November 18, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-45)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 21 (November 18, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-45)
Selected article titles: "Supreme Court: Rights of Alien to Be Police Argued, Other Major Cases on Aliens Still Pending" (p.1), "Seattle JACLer in Prominent Role at National Women's Conference" (p.1), "Carter Team Lashed for Shunning the Nikkei" (p.1, 9), "Reparations? No!" (p.4), "Evacuees from Peru" (p.5), "Calif. Agriculture and the Nikkei" (p.7), "A Third Position Presented …
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 17 (October 21, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-41)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 17 (October 21, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-41)
Selected article titles: "Bakke Argument Takes Two Hours, Asian American Question Raised" (p.1), "Amy Doi Suing JACL for $62,000" (p.1), "Internment Credit Bill Advances" (p.1), "Senate Committee Favors Hawaii Reparations Bill" (p.2), "Civil Rights Commission Backs Affirmative Action" (p.2), "JACL Principles in Practice" (p.4), "Road Out of the Tule Lake" (p.5), "Japanese American Curriculum Project: Fulfilling …
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 9 (March 11, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-9)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 9 (March 11, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-9)
Selected article titles: "Farm Leader Harry Kubo to Address Tri-District" (p.1-2), "NIMH Director Cites Issues Facing JACL" (p.1), "TV Newsman Carried Pardon Banner Since '68" (p.1-2), "Intermountain Feedback on Reparations Sought" (p.2, 4).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 26 (December 16, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-49)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 26 (December 16, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-49)
Selected article titles: "Outstanding Chemists to Be Honored" (p.1-2), "Predict Most Vietnam Refugees to Be at Work" (p.1-2), "The Day I Quit Judo" (p.4), "Equal Opportunity in California-A New Era" (p.5), "Women in JACL" (p.7).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 77, No. 19, (November 9, 1973) (ddr-pc-45-44)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 77, No. 19, (November 9, 1973) (ddr-pc-45-44)
Select article titles: "Senator Inouye Prefaces Appeal: JACL Bldg. Fund Drive Blasts Off" (p.1); "Evacuee Reparation Input Sought" (p.1); "Philadelphia JACL Seeks Papers for Its Local History" (p.3).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 13 (September 27, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-38)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 13 (September 27, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-38)
Selected article titles: "Reparations Bill Offered, Taps Reversion Funds" (p. 1), "Hawaii Politics: See Five Nikkei in Line for Five Top Demo Nominations" (p. 1), and "Merriam to List 'Jap' in '75 Issue of Collegiate" (p. 3).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 6 (August 9, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-31)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 6 (August 9, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-31)
Selected article titles: "Population in World Casts Dim U.S. Future" (pp. 1, 6), "Reparations for Evacuees Still High on JACL Priority" (p. 1), "Sen. Daniel Inouye: On World Population" (pp. 2, 5), and "Kiyoshi Hirano: Dubbed Stockton's Henry Kissinger, He Negotiates Return of Temple Bell" (p. 3).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 20 (November 15, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-45)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 20 (November 15, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-45)
Selected article titles: "JACL--National Board: New Evacuee Reparation Concept Without Massive Pay Bill Explained" (p. 1), "San Francisco Nihonmachi: Agency's 10-Year Report" (pp. 1, 3), and "Topaz Revisited: Desert Sands Reclaiming History" (pp. 1, 3).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 23 (December 6, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-48)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 79, No. 23 (December 6, 1974) (ddr-pc-46-48)
Selected article titles: "Attorneys Back Reparation Bid" (pp. 1-2), "Cleveland JACL: Am I Minority Always?" (p. 2), "San Francisco Nihonmachi: Destruction--Dispersal" (p. 2), and "Judge Invalidates UC Minority Admissions" (p. 3).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 12 (September 19, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-37)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 12 (September 19, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-37)
Selected article titles: "Dean Speaks at Tri-District: Seek 'Redress' for Evacuees" (p. 1), "Manuscript of Canada Nikkei History Written" (pp. 1, 3), "House Repeals E.O. 9066" (p. 1), and "Guest Column: Women in Japan" (p. 2).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 15 (October 10, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-40)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 15 (October 10, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-40)
Selected article titles: "MDC Reparations Survey" (pp. 1, 3), "Sen. Inouye Explains Final Lesson to Be Learned from Watergate Trauma" (p. 1), "Editorials: A Battered Manzanar Plaque" (p. 2), and "Ye Editor's Desk: Other Thoughts on the Visit" (p. 2).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 14 (October 3, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-39)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 81, No. 14 (October 3, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-39)
Selected article titles: "Nisei Farm Problems Aired" (p. 1), "Nikkei Back at Poston for Look" (pp. 1-2), "Manzanar Plaque Found Defaced" (p. 1), and "From the Frying Pan: John Dean on Redress" (p. 2).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 80, No. 18 (May 9, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-18)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 80, No. 18 (May 9, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-18)
Selected article titles: "Viet Exodus Stirs Racism" (pp. 1-2), "Minority One: Lesson of a Pilgrimage" (pp. 1-2), "JACL-Political Education: How Should We Seek Reparations?" (pp. 1-2), and "Book Review: A Crucial Japan-American Period" (p. 4).
Pacific Citizen, Vol. 80, No. 2 (January 17, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-2)
doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 80, No. 2 (January 17, 1975) (ddr-pc-47-2)
Selected article titles: "Dean Interested in Evacuee Reparations" (p. 1), "Little Tokyo Redevelopment: Northsiders Tiff with City Hall" (p. 1), and "The Rice Act of 1974: Manna in the U.S." (p. 2).
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