Living conditions

All of the camps were constructed according to the War Department's specifications, which included barbed-wire fences, guard towers, and armed guards around the perimeter. The camps were organized in "blocks" consisting of twelve to fourteen barracks, a mess hall, communal showers and toilets, laundry facilities, and a recreation hall. Each barracks was divided into four or six rooms with each room housing one family, no matter how large, and there was no running water. The furnishings that Japanese Americans found on their arrival were canvas cots, a potbellied stove, and a single bare light bulb. The thin walls offered little protection from the harsh weather, which ranged from 110 degrees in the summer to 25 degrees below zero on winter nights. The flimsy construction allowed no privacy and made normal family life difficult. Camp inmates improved their own living conditions by creating interior walls and partitions, constructing furniture from scrap lumber, and planting gardens.

World War II (277)
Concentration camps (1771)
Living conditions (1870)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Arts and crafts in camp, Community analysts, Manzanar Children's Village

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1870 items
Woman and Child (ddr-hmwf-1-524)
img Woman and Child (ddr-hmwf-1-524)
"Ono baby, 29-19-A, Sept 23 1943 4:00pm, l8 f9 1/5 sec, SuperXX DK20 30min En1 #3 15, 2 3 30" as described on back
Girls Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-446)
img Girls Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-446)
"Sally, Nancy Gushiken, 29-23-E, Nov 30-1943, l19 f16 1/25 G3 Plus X DK20-40' D76-10' " as described on back
Women Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-443)
img Women Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-443)
"May Harada request, 9/25/1943" as described on back, two young women posing together on steps into barracks
Family Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-423)
img Family Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-423)
"Julia Kuwahara family, 24-21-F, Dec. 12, 1943, l5 f5.6 1/5, SuperXX DK 20-40' D76-15' " as described on back
Flowers (ddr-hmwf-1-82)
img Flowers (ddr-hmwf-1-82)
"Flowers mess 29-27, May 3- 1943, Gevaert cut" as described on back, l5 f5.6-1sec. DK20-20min, #2- 200 counts
Men Bathing (ddr-hmwf-1-545)
img Men Bathing (ddr-hmwf-1-545)
"Jan 6-1945 midnight, Ht. Mt., Yoshio Okumoto" as described on back, 2 men bathing in wooden barrels
Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-48)
img Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-48)
"Coal Rush 29-28, Jan 7 1944 2:30pm" as described on back
Couple on Steps (ddr-hmwf-1-455)
img Couple on Steps (ddr-hmwf-1-455)
"Hospital, July 31-1943, l20 f11 1/50 G3, Agfa Superpan Supreme, DK 20 21 min, C#2 4 An 27" as described on back, couple sitting on steps
Group Picture (ddr-hmwf-1-476)
img Group Picture (ddr-hmwf-1-476)
Group picture of children with Christmas decorations
Baby Bathing (ddr-hmwf-1-546)
img Baby Bathing (ddr-hmwf-1-546)
"Dianne, 24-21-F Oct. 2 1944, f8 1/25 Superpan Press" as described on back, baby bathing in metal washtub
Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-42)
img Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-42)
"Coal Rush 29-29, Jan 7-1944" as described on back, Super Ikonta B
Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-624)
img Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-624)
"Sachi Sugimura 27-14-C April 27-1944" as described on back
Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-290)
img Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-290)
"Isao Nakaishi 29-24-D, Aug 31 1944" as described on back, f8 1/50 Verichrome G3
Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-311)
img Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-311)
"Dianne Feb 5 1944 7:00 PM" as described on back, f2.8 1/25 SuperIkontaB SuperXX Roll, DK20-50 D76-25
Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-259)
img Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-259)
"Oki 24-21-F Nov 14 1943 11:15AM" as described on back, l5 f5.6 1/5 SuperXX DK-20 40min
Christmas Party (ddr-hmwf-1-462)
img Christmas Party (ddr-hmwf-1-462)
"Christmas Party 29-30 Mess Hall, Dec 25-1943" as described on back, children's Christmas party
Girl posing (ddr-hmwf-1-282)
img Girl posing (ddr-hmwf-1-282)
"Feb 12 1944 Leica" as described on back
Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-618)
img Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-618)
"Rose 29-3-D, Jan 12-1945 Flash f12 1/100" as described on back
View of Heart Mountain (ddr-hmwf-1-465)
img View of Heart Mountain (ddr-hmwf-1-465)
Sunset view of camp with Heart Mountain in background
Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-72)
img Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-72)
"Coal 29-27, Jan 11, 1944 morning" as described on back, Super xx Super Ikonta B DK20'45' D76-20'
Family Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-432)
img Family Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-432)
"at depot, Dec 30-1944, f6.3 1/25 PlusX" as described on back, family posing together
Latrines (ddr-hmwf-1-81)
img Latrines (ddr-hmwf-1-81)
"29-28 Latrine, Jan 25, 1944" as described on the back
Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-636)
img Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-636)
Young boy standing in entrance to barracks building
API