Living conditions

All of the camps were constructed according to the War Department's specifications, which included barbed-wire fences, guard towers, and armed guards around the perimeter. The camps were organized in "blocks" consisting of twelve to fourteen barracks, a mess hall, communal showers and toilets, laundry facilities, and a recreation hall. Each barracks was divided into four or six rooms with each room housing one family, no matter how large, and there was no running water. The furnishings that Japanese Americans found on their arrival were canvas cots, a potbellied stove, and a single bare light bulb. The thin walls offered little protection from the harsh weather, which ranged from 110 degrees in the summer to 25 degrees below zero on winter nights. The flimsy construction allowed no privacy and made normal family life difficult. Camp inmates improved their own living conditions by creating interior walls and partitions, constructing furniture from scrap lumber, and planting gardens.

World War II (277)
Concentration camps (1771)
Living conditions (1870)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Arts and crafts in camp, Community analysts, Manzanar Children's Village

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1870 items
Baby Boy (ddr-hmwf-1-316)
img Baby Boy (ddr-hmwf-1-316)
"Kazuo Fiyii 24-11-E, Jan 14 1944 3PM" l7 f5.6 1/10 SuperIkontaB, SuperXX Roll DK20-45' D76-20
Family Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-552)
img Family Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-552)
"Nellie Yamamoto, Arthur Yamamoto, 29-3-D, Jan 12 1945, Flash f8 1/100 PlusX" as described on back, family portrait in barracks room, Arthur in military uniform
Family Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-593)
img Family Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-593)
"at depot, Dec 30-1944, f6.3 1/25 PlusX DK20-47', D76-15' " as described on back, family posing together
Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-627)
img Portrait (ddr-hmwf-1-627)
"Mar 11-1944" as described on back, young woman's portrait
Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-49)
img Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-49)
"Coal Rush 29-27, Jan 7, 1944 2:30pm" as described on back
Baby Bathing (ddr-hmwf-1-548)
img Baby Bathing (ddr-hmwf-1-548)
"Gloria-Dianne, 24-21-E, Feb 5 1944 7:00pm, f12 1/100 Flash-SuperIkontaB, SuperXXRoll DK20-50 D76-25" as described on back, woman bathing baby in barracks room
Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-257)
img Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-257)
"Nellie Yamamoto (Furumura) baby, 29-3-CD, Dec. 19 1944" as described on back, f8 1/10 Verichrome D76-45'
View of camp (ddr-hmwf-1-574)
img View of camp (ddr-hmwf-1-574)
"Dec 27-1944" as described on back, View of camp with Heart Mountain in background, Heart Mt. Block 24,25,29,30 intersection
Ice Skating (ddr-hmwf-1-550)
img Ice Skating (ddr-hmwf-1-550)
Men, women, and children ice skating with barracks in background
View of camp (ddr-hmwf-1-562)
img View of camp (ddr-hmwf-1-562)
"Heart Mt. from 29-5, Jan 3 1945 10:00am, l19 f12.7 1/10E PlusX DK20-45, 76-12" as described on back
Christmas Party (ddr-hmwf-1-464)
img Christmas Party (ddr-hmwf-1-464)
"Christmas Party 29-30 Mess Hall, Dec 25-1943" as described on back
Heart Mountain (ddr-hmwf-1-230)
img Heart Mountain (ddr-hmwf-1-230)
"Edge of camp view of Heart Mountain with guard tower and barracks"
Men in Barracks (ddr-hmwf-1-459)
img Men in Barracks (ddr-hmwf-1-459)
Two men resting on couch in barracks room
Apartment room (ddr-hmwf-1-235)
img Apartment room (ddr-hmwf-1-235)
"Apartment room with clothes and furniture, 29-5-B, Jan 12 1945" Flash f8 1/100
Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-75)
img Collecting coal (ddr-hmwf-1-75)
"Men and women collecting coal between barracks" Jan 11, 1944
Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-267)
img Baby (ddr-hmwf-1-267)
"Ono baby, 29-19-A, Sept 23 1943 3:30 PM" as described on back, l5 f6.3 1/5sec SuperXX DK20 30min
Girl Skating (ddr-hmwf-1-477)
img Girl Skating (ddr-hmwf-1-477)
Girl ice skating with barracks in background
Unmade cots lined up in a barracks (ddr-fom-1-876)
img Unmade cots lined up in a barracks (ddr-fom-1-876)
WRA caption on reverse: "This picture shows other view of apartment. WRA furnishes sleeping equipment, only other thing furnished is a light globe."
Heart Mountain (ddr-hmwf-1-202)
img Heart Mountain (ddr-hmwf-1-202)
"Ht. Mtn. between blocks 29 and 25, Feb 6 1944" as described on back, f16 1/50 K2 SuperIkontaB SuperXX roll, "faulty developing, roll started from centerl of spool, developer probably did not circulate well enough in center of tank"
Girl posing (ddr-hmwf-1-275)
img Girl posing (ddr-hmwf-1-275)
"April 11 1944, Leica" as described on back
Woman Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-484)
img Woman Posing (ddr-hmwf-1-484)
Young woman standing along edge of camp
Baby Boy (ddr-hmwf-1-319)
img Baby Boy (ddr-hmwf-1-319)
"Kazn Fiyii, 24-11-E Jan 4 1944" l6 f4.5 1/10, SuperXX DK20-50' D76-25'
Apartment room (ddr-hmwf-1-238)
img Apartment room (ddr-hmwf-1-238)
"Oki apt 24-21-F, Sept 24 1943" as described on back, l7 f12.7 1/2, SuperXX D76 24 min
API