Economic losses

The economic and emotional toll associated with the uprooting of Japanese Americans from their homes and businesses was enormous. The cost was especially high for the issei (first-generation immigrants), who had worked most of their lives to establish financial security for themselves and their children. Many Japanese Americans bitterly recall being forced to sell property, personal belongings, and business equipment for a fraction of their value to opportunistic scavengers. Evacuees could take only what they could carry. They left behind heirlooms, cherished toys, and family pets. Farmers continued to work for a harvest they would never see, told it would be "disloyal" to stop. The bustling Nihonmachis (Japantowns) of the West Coast closed down and never fully recovered, even after the war ended.

World War II (218)
Economic losses (547)

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547 items

doc Receipt for $20.00 paid to Catherine Johnson (ddr-densho-383-523)

For Payment on Store. Tokuda purchased the Johnson Pharmacy in 1935, was forced to sell while in camp and then repurchased the store in 1947.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-383-523/

doc Letter from O.M. Moen to George Tokuda (ddr-densho-383-553)

Re: sale of Tokuda's store on Yesler Way, and disposition of personal property

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-383-553/

doc Letter to George Tokuda from O.M. Moen (ddr-densho-383-515)

Re: the storage and disposition of Tokuda's property from his pharmacies, and settling of accounts

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-383-515/

doc Letter to Clarence Thomas from Elmer Feathers (ddr-densho-383-517)

Letter of personal recommendation for George Tokuda from his friend Elmer Feathers, letter and envelope

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-383-517/

doc WRA Evacuee Property Report (ddr-densho-383-516)

Receipt for George Tokuda's property stored at the Pacific Hotel basement

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-383-516/

doc Claim for damage to or loss of real or personal property by a person of Japanese Ancestry (ddr-densho-383-514)

Form filed by George Tokuda, Page 3 and 4 Statement of Claim due to evacuation with inventory of property lost.

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-383-514/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 58, Vol. 13 (March 27, 1964) (ddr-pc-36-13)

Selected article titles: "Threat of June Vote Pressing Rumford Act" (p.1-2), "Yen Deposit Compromise Ruled" (p.1), "Youth Leadership Program Announced" (p.1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-36-13/

ds Pacific Citizen, Vol. 58, Vol. 20 (May 15, 1964) (ddr-pc-36-20)

Selected article titles: "Fiction Can Be Damaging" (p.1), "Norman Thomas to Be Honored at 18th Biennial" (p.1), "442nd Veterans Join Nat'l JACL in May 30 Rites" (p.1), "Pension Rights for Evacuees on Ballot" (p.1), "Watering Down Rights Bill?" (p.2), "Sansei Urged to Keep Japanese Heritage" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-36-20/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 17 (April 23, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-17)

Selected article titles: "Alan Kumamoto Designated National JACL Youth Director" (p.1), "U.S. Agrees to Pay Nisei Family for Personal Effects Lost in Dec. 7 Bombing" (p.1), "2 Issei Chosen for Garden Hall of Fame" (p.1), "Bitter Young Republicans Get Their Comeuppance" (p.2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-17/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 61, No. 15 (October 8, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-41)

Selected article titles: "President Signs Immigration Act Repealing Asian Quotas" (p.1, 3), "CREA Lauded by Commissioner Gordon for Effortts to Fight Housing Discrimination" (p.1), "Final Evacuation Claim Approved by U.S. Court of Claims" (p.1), "PNWDC Prepping for Third Try at Land Law Repeal" (p.1, 4), "History Project: "Contributions of Pacific Northwest Issei" (p.4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-41/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 61, No. 17 (October 22, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-43)

Selected article titles: "Juror's Oath on Belief in God Nix in Maryland" (p.1), "Against the KKK in Bogalusa" (p.1), "History Project: Prehistoric Americans Hailed from Asia" (p.1), "Last Evacuation Claim"(p.2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-43/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 7 (February 12, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-7)

Selected article titles: "Warren's 1942 Stand Demanding Evacuation Hit" (p.1), "Agricultural Exploits of Early Day Issei in San Luis Obispo, Watsonville, Role in Monterey Fishing Told History Project" (p.1, 4), "Great Lack of Communication between Nisei and Sansei Note by Psychologists" (p.1), "Utah Governor Signs Mixed Marriage Bill" (p.1), "'Nisei: the Pride and the Shame'" (p.2, …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-7/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 7 (August 17, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-33)

Selected article titles: "Congressman Cites Masaoka Letter on Restriction of Japan Imports" (p. 1), "Demo platform chairman lauds nisei loyalty" (p. 1), "Army to Curtail Japanese Language at Presidio School" (p. 1), "$187,000 for evacuation claims payment approved for 28 recipients" (p. 1), "Citizenship restoration policy for Tule Lake renunciants established" (p. 2), "College extension course …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-33/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 10 (March 9, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-10)

Selected article titles: "Lane-Hillings Evacuation Claims Bill Unanimously Passed by House" (p. 1), "Asia Reds keep up discrimination tales" (p. 1), "JACL Asks FBI Hunt 'Lincoln Yamamoto'" (p. 1), "Bob Sakata honored Colorado's young farmer of year" (p. 2), "Oregon governor praises Japanese Americans, say 'no group has better earned' right to citizenship at Snake River …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-10/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 13 (March 30, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-13)

Selected article titles: "Editorial: The Wronged Nisei" (p. 1), " House approves $588,000 for payment of claims in 2nd supplemental bill" (p. 1), "Dick Arimoto named president of Rotary Club in Redwood City" (p. 1), "Vandals blast mailbox of Nisei" (p. 1), "New word: acculturation" (p. 2), "Japanese cultural heritage can enrich America, advises Issei naturalized …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-13/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 43, No. 3 (July 20, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-29)

Selected article titles: "Claimants requested to refrain from writing Dep't of Justice for 60 days as all claims being reviewed under 1955 amendment" (p. 1), "Kibei fired as security risk in plea to Eisenhower" (p. 1), "Action unlikely on committee ok'd bill to return war vested property" (p. 1), "Renunciation law and segregation termed by Myer …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-29/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 24 (June 15, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-24)

Selected article titles: "Claims bill ready for consideration on Senate floor within two weeks" (p. 1), 'Alien Land Law Repeal Measure Set as Prop. 13" (p. 1), "Nat'l JACL Director Satow visits Nation's capital, visits with California congressmen" (p. 1), "Reveal identity of Nisei meeting housing bias in SF area as Richmond-El Cerrito CLer" (p. 1), …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-24/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 9 (March 2, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-9)

Selected article titles: "Lane-Hillings evacuation claims bill slated for Mar. 5 consent calendar" (p. 1), "Newsweek Backs Nisei Loyalty, Regrets Letter" (p. 1), "Self-sacrifice of Marysville JACLers during flood emergency lauded as finest page in JACL history written by a chapter" (p. 2), "Hollywood CL aids Shonien with $104" (p. 3), "Cincinnati Mayor Charles Taft to …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-9/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 14 (April 6, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-14)

Selected article titles: "Jr JACL program adopted for 14th national convention" (p. 1), "Picture-bride practice reversed as eight Nisei fly to Japan to be married" (p. 1), "Escheat case fight on appeal; JACL to sign amicus brief" (p. 1), "Justice Dep't orders certain claims to be heard by examiner" (p. 1), "Hilo Nisei doctor at Oak …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-14/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 26 (June 29, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-26)

Selected article titles: "House concurs with Senate on claims. JACL to urge President to sign evacuation claims amendment bill" (p. 1), "14th Biennial Convention Program Announced by JACL Headquarters"(p. 1), "Teenage gang war breaks out" (p. 1), "ACLU scores federal housing program lag" (p. 1), "Expiration date of Watkins Act for Nisei voting in Japan elections …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-26/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 42, No. 25 (June 22, 1956) (ddr-pc-28-25)

Selected article titles: "Senate unanimously approves claim bill amendment, need House okay. Senate version limits compromise to $100,000; House bill has no ceiling" (p. 1), "JACL Urges House By-Pass Confab On Senate Action" (p. 1), "President signs amendment to Fulbright Act" (p. 1), "Sacramento Japanese area to be demolished soon" (p. 1), ""Ex-Seattle Nisei attends first …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-28-25/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 49, No. 3 (July 17, 1959) (ddr-pc-31-29)

Selected article titles: "Evacuee claimant's private bill to extend filing deadline vetoed" (p. 1), "Hawaiian statehood certain to affect racial policies of Australia, New Zealand" (p. 2), "Names hurt like sticks, stones" (p. 7), "California fair housing bill signed, affects FHA-VA homes" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-31-29/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 49, No. 4 (July 24, 1959) (ddr-pc-31-30)

Selected article titles: "U.C. regents clear campus of fraternity bias" (p. 1), "Idaho Nisei regains U.S. citizenship as private bill signed" (p. 1), "JACL support of returning vested property told in detail" (p. 1), "Father LaFarge takes issue with stand of Eisenhower on civil rights legislation" (p. 1), "Saibara Family credited by American rice industry for …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-31-30/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 48, No. 16 (April 17, 1959) (ddr-pc-31-16)

Selected article titles: "Yen debt claimants seeking pre-war exchange rate" (p. 1), "Cal. FEPC bill signature by governor due" (p. 1), "442nd RCT linked with famous U.S. Army regiments of history" (p. 1), "Nisei greeted as 5-millionth visitor of United Nations" (p. 1), "Fair housing bill in Minnesota reported" (p. 1), "'Nothing in common' between language …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-31-16/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 48, No. 15 (April 10, 1959) (ddr-pc-31-15)

Selected article titles: "Calif. FEPC set, Senate approves 30-5" (p. 1), "$1.2 million appropriation bill for evacuee claims asked" (p. 1), "Old-age assistance bill to aid Issei held in Assembly Comm." (p. 1), "Cal. Senate passes miscegenation law" (p. 1), "Wartime renunciant program review nearly completed by U.S." (p. 1), "Chicago JACL membership challenge with west …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-31-15/