Redress and reparations

In the late 1960s, Japanese Americans began to revisit the history of the exclusion and incarceration period in order to seek justice for their suffering and ensure that no such wrong would ever be committed again. Years of effort by community activists, politicians, academics, and other supporters culminated on August 10, 1988, with the signing of the Civil Liberties Act by President Ronald Reagan. This Act rescinded Executive Order 9066, and mandated an official apology from the federal government, monetary reparations payments to individuals excluded and incarcerated, and the creation of a federal fund for research and education about the incarceration.

Redress and reparations (1801)

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1801 items

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2065 (October 19, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-41)

Selected article titles: "More Co-Sponsors Back Internment Commission Bill" (p. 1), "PC Chronology: 1929-79 / Fifty Years" (p. 3), "Vol. 1, No. 1: What's What on the Pages in '29" (p. 3), and "Random Musings: The Nikkei Tradition" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-41/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2030 (February 16, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-6)

Selected article titles: "Four Nikkei Legislators in Washington Support JACL Redress; Air 3 Concepts" (pp. 1-2), "Feb. 19: 'A Day of Remembrance'" (pp. 1, 4), "Names Compiled for Tule Lake Capsule" (p. 3), and "Nisei in Japan: The State of the Union" (p. 5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-6/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2054 (August 3, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-30)

Selected article titles: "Minidoka Site Dedication: Sen. Church, Hosokawa Paired" (p. 1), "Viet Refugees in Japan Unhappy, Few Want to Stay" (p. 1), "From the Frying Pan: Chapter Vote on Redress" (p. 5), and "Jesse Kuhaulua Faces Toughest Sumo Bout: Career or Citizenship" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-30/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2057 (August 24, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-33)

Selected article titles: "Viet Refugee-Texas Crabbers Clash Over Fishing Sites" (pp. 1, 3), "100 Boat People Rescued by French Tanker Lands in Japan" (p. 3), "Question and Answer Sheet: How About the Blessings of Evacuation?" (pp. 5, 7), and "Moshi Moshi: Tackling the Fuel Shortage" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-33/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2064 (October 12, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-40)

Selected article titles: "114 Co-Sponsor HR 5499, Internment Commission Bill" (p. 1), "Assemblyman Mori Bill Solves Problem Cited by Nikkei Farmer" (p. 1), "Down to Earth: Relief in Sight" (p. 2), and "Redress Phase 2: HR 5499 in the Hopper" (pp. 4, 6).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-40/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2027 (January 26, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-3)

Selected article titles: "I. Magnin, Joseph Magnin Urging Kenzo Label Change" (p. 1), "Yankee Samurai: Secret Role of Nisei in America's Pacific Victory" (pp. 1, 9-12), "Japan's Pearl Harbor Spy Saw Evacuation as 'Cruel Joke'" (p. 2), and "Min Yasui Letters: From the Multnomah Jail" (p. 5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-3/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2062 (September 28, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-38)

Selected article titles: "House Leaders to Introduce Redress Bill" (p. 1), "Anger Seen as Successful Style for Viet Refugees into U.S. Life" (p. 1),"From the Frying Pan: Some 'Big Nisei' in the Healing Arts" (p. 5), and "From the Pacific Northwest: To Look Ahead--Look Back" (p. 6).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-38/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2060 (September 14, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-36)

Selected article titles: "Minidoka Dedicated as U.S. Historic Place" (pp. 1-2), "Non-Nikkei Reactions to Redress Make Print" (pp. 1, 5), and "From the Frying Pan: Anti-Japanese Emotions Still Erupting" (p. 5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-36/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No.2036 (March 30, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-12)

Selected article titles: "Mineta at Univ. of Michigan: New Generation of Americans Need to Be Told" (p. 1), "Dr. Makio Murayama: Study on Oral Intake of Urea Urged for Sickle Cell Treatment" (p. 3), "East Wind: Divorce: Issei Style (None)" (pp. 5, 8), and "Judge Acquits Suspect in Nishizaki Murder" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-12/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2051 (July 13, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-27)

Selected article titles: "'Yellow Peril' [Trademark] Voluntarily Abandoned" (p. 1), "Sen. Inouye Raps Colleague's Description of Evacuation" (pp. 1, 7), "Asians Eligible for SBA 8-A" (pp. 1, 5), and "'Japan Inc.' Firms Eye So. Calif. as Attractive U.S. Investment" (p. 3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-27/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2033 (March 9, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-9)

Selected article titles: "JACL Drafting Bill for Redress Commission" (pp. 1, 4), "Hayakawa Aides See Boss as 'Superficial'" (p. 1, 8), "Travel Agency Owner Ordered to Pay Restitution to Victims" (p. 2), and "From Happy Valley: Chill of 1942" (p. 5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-9/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2074 (December 21-28, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-50)

Special holiday issue. Selected article titles: "School Teacher Recalls Minidoka" (p. 26), "In Defense of JACL's Founding Membership Principle: Citizenship" (pp. 47-48), "Nikkei Impressions of Nikkei America After a Long Absence" (pp. 49, 92), and "Growing up in Postwar Japan" (pp. 54, 94). The holiday issue included advertisements bought by JACL members and chapters that included …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-50/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2050 (July 6, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-26)

Selected article titles: "U.S. Leadership May Be Compromised: Eskimo Whaling vs. Moratorium Major IWC Issue" (pp. 1, 5), "East Wind: A Point of View: Redress" (p. 4), "From the Frying Pan: Tragedy of Vietnam's 'Boat People'" (p. 5), and "Pacific Sq. Marks Tanabata" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-26/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2047 (June 15, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-23)

Selected article titles: "JACL Position Statement: Redress, Commission Approach" (pp. 1, 3), "Rep. Matsui Heads Task Force on Narcotic Abuse by Elderly" (p. 2), "Third Friday Theme: Heavy Dialogue Precedes Nat'l Board Vote on Redress" (p. 3), and "Redress Issue Reactivates JACL Chapter After 25 Years" (p. 7).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-23/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2042 (May 11, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-18)

Selected article titles: "JACL Hosts Congressional Reception on Heritage Week" (pp. 1, 11), "$9,000 Raised for Washington Post Ad Addressed to Sen. Hayakawa" (pp. 1, 11), "Hiroshima Medical Team Back in U.S. to Check on Hibakusha" (p. 3), and "Substance Determining Sex in Embryo Discovered by Ohno" (p. 3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-18/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2055 (August 10, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-31)

Selected article titles: "Inouye, Matsunaga, Hayakawa, Cranston, Church, and McClure Co-Sponsor Study Bill for Redress" (pp. 1-2), "Munemori's Medals Enshrined at Ft. DeRussy Army Museum" (p. 1), "In the Wake of Hiroshima" (p. 3), and "Question and Answer Fact Sheet: Why Seek Redress? What Are the Issues?" (pp. 5, 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-31/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2048 (June 22, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-24)

Selected article titles: "1980 Census Plans Thorough Coverage" (pp. 1, 4), "Addabbo Law Amendment Near Passage" (p. 1), "Wendy's Conviction Upheld" (pp. 1-2), and "Down to Earth: 'Political Realities' for the Nisei" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-24/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 89, No. 2053 (July 27, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-29)

Selected article titles: "U.S. Responds to 'Save the Boat People' Campaign" (p. 1), "In the Last 100 Years: Estimate 905,000 Japanese Emigrated" (p. 1), "Guest Speaker: A 'No-No' Segregee" (pp. 4, 9), and "Nisei in Japan: Yankee Samurai Here and Now" (p. 10).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-29/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2032 (March 2, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-8)

Selected article titles: "'A Day of Remembrance' Observed Coast to Coast" (pp. 1-2, 6-7, 12), "JACL to Draft Its Redress Bill This Weekend" (pp. 1, 11), "JARR Not Getting Filled...Noteworthy Nikkei Needed" (pp. 3, 8), and "Down to Earth: More to Remember" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-8/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 88, No. 2041 (May 4, 1979) (ddr-pc-51-17)

Selected article titles: "Omission of Asians 'Glaring Oversight' on U.S. List Designating 'Minorities'" (pp. 1-2, 11), "First Friday Feature: Angel Island Immigration Station Dedicated" (p. 3), "Japan Today: May 4-10 Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week" (p. 6), and "West Coast Nisei Farmers in 1942, if Given a Free Choice, Wanted to Remain" (p. 10).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-51-17/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 94, No. 17 (April 30, 1982) (ddr-pc-54-17)

Selected article titles: "Rose Ochi's Community and Legal Forte Highlights Her Bid for Congress" (pp. 1, 3), "Letterbox: Tough Questions on U.S.-Japan Affairs Face Nat'l JACL" (pp. 4, 7), "From the Frying Pan: Rohwer Camp Memorial, Et Al" (p. 5), and "Musubi: Redress (?) for 'What Might Have Been'" (p. 5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-54-17/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 94, No. 23 (June 11, 1982) (ddr-pc-54-23)

Selected article titles: "Interned JAs 'Must Be Compensated': Goldberg" (p. 1), "Former Government Attorney Urges Reopening of Korematsu" (pp. 1, 10), "Speaking Out: Some Thoughts on Redress" (p. 2), and "Helping Young People to Relate to Evacuation on Personal Level" (p. 9).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-54-23/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 94, No. 18 (May 7, 1982) (ddr-pc-54-18)

Selected article titles: "JACL Seeks Whereabouts of 314 'Fired Calif. Employees'" (pp. 1, 5), "Redress Phase 4: JACL '42 Leadership" (p. 2), "Guest's Corner: Racism: Are We Part of the Problem?" (p. 4), "Prewar Nikkei Community of 2,100 Families in Imperial Valley Down to 3" (p. 7), and "P.L. 503 Makes Mockery of the U.S. Constitution" …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-54-18/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 94, No. 22 (June 4, 1982) (ddr-pc-54-22)

Selected article titles: "Can't Calculate Redress in Dollars, Says Marutani" (pp. 1, 6), "North Carolina DMV Starts Recalling 'JAP' License Plates" (p. 1), "Guest's Corner: Grave Implications of Forcing Japan to Rearm" (p. 4), "West Wind: Why Don't You Go Back Where You Came From?" (p. 8).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-54-22/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 95, No. 17 (October 22, 1982) (ddr-pc-54-42)

Selected article titles: "Goldberg Says Writ of Coram Nobis Would Be 'Fruitless'" (pp. 1, 4), "Korean Students in S.F. Stage Protest Over Japan Textbooks" (p. 1), "Guest's Column: NCJAR Leader Reviews JACL Story" (p. 7), and "Nat'l Bd. Decides on Redress Budget, Aging & Retirement" (pp. 8-9, 12).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-54-42/