Community responses to resistance

In December 1947, President Truman pardoned all wartime draft resisters, including Nisei from the concentration camps. The pardon removed the criminal convictions from the resisters' records. However, other Japanese Americans, including some U.S. Army veterans and leaders of the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), continued to label resisters as disloyal, unpatriotic, cowardly "draft dodgers." Some Japanese Americans blamed the resisters for increasing the public's negative attitudes toward people of Japanese ancestry. These consequences affected many resisters for the rest of their lives. Despite an official JACL apology to the resisters in 2000, many Japanese American veterans' groups and others continue to harbor negative feelings toward the resisters. Legacies of the World War II ostracism of resisters contribute to ongoing division within Japanese American communities.

World War II (283)
Resistance and dissidence (97)
Community responses to resistance (61)

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61 items
Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-29-1)
vh Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-29-1)
Opinion of the Heart Mountain Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on …

Andy Noguchi Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-27-1)
vh Andy Noguchi Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-27-1)
Description of the JACL resolution proposed in 1999 to recognize the constitutional stand of the wartime draft resisters

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this …

Kenji Taguma Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-28-1)
vh Kenji Taguma Interview Segment 1 (ddr-densho-122-28-1)
Description of a Japanese American Citizens League resolution regarding the wartime draft resisters

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Andy Noguchi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-27-2)
vh Andy Noguchi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-27-2)
Different reactions to the resolution

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the …

Randy Senzaki Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-18-3)
vh Randy Senzaki Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-18-3)
As national director of the JACL, attempting to bridge the gap with resisters, and turn the JACL into a civil rights organization

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, …

Randy Senzaki Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-18-5)
vh Randy Senzaki Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-18-5)
Thoughts on the JACL's inability to apologize to the resisters

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

James Omura Interview I Segment 21 (ddr-densho-122-4-21)
vh James Omura Interview I Segment 21 (ddr-densho-122-4-21)
Thoughts on the JACL's passage of a resolution to acknowledge the loyalty of the wartime draft resisters

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection …

James Omura Interview I Segment 19 (ddr-densho-122-4-19)
vh James Omura Interview I Segment 19 (ddr-densho-122-4-19)
Accusations of disloyalty by the Japanese American Citizens League

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Bill Hosokawa Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-26-5)
vh Bill Hosokawa Interview Segment 5 (ddr-densho-122-26-5)
Belief that the actions of the World War II draft resisters "endangered a lot of other people"
Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-29-3)
vh Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 3 (ddr-densho-122-29-3)
Feelings on the views of the Heart Mountain resisters

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-29-8)
vh Fred Hirasuna Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-29-8)
Opinion that the resisters of conscience were "harming the cause of the entire group"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not …

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