Nisei-Sansei male. Born July 15, 1937, in Seattle, Washington, where parents ran a hotel. During World War II, removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, family returned to Seattle. After graduating from college and earning a post-doctoral degree, became a professor at San Diego State University. Focused …

Shin-Issei male. Born September 10, 1926, in Hyogo, Japan. Grew up in Japan, where parents farmed. During World War II, exempted from the draft due to higher education status. Attended Doshisha University in Kyoto, learning English from an influential missionary. Moved to the United States and attended Lehigh University in Pennsylvania, then studied at the University …

Nisei male. Born March 26, 1926, in Steveston, British Columbia, Canada. Grew up in Steveston, where father fished for a cannery. During World War II, the family was forced to leave Steveston and moved to the abandoned Minto Mine site in the Bridge River Valley of British Columbia. After staying for a few years, Makoto moved …

Sansei male. Born March 28, 1936, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Eatonville, Washington, where father worked for a lumber company. During World War II, removed with family to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Father served in the U.S. Army during the war. After leaving camp, lived in public housing …

Nisei male. Born March 20, 1933, in Los Angeles, California, where father worked as a photographer. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, transferring to Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, moved to Phoenix, Arizona. Moved to Guadalupe, California, living in a Buddhist church …

Sansei female. Born June 10, 1945, in Denver, Colorado, where parents moved after leaving camp during World War II. Grew i[ om Denver, where father had an insurance company. Attended the University of Colorado and then Colorado College. Studied abroad in Italy before moving to California. Eventually earned a PhD and became an architectural historian.

Nisei male. Born December 26, 1938, in Salem, Oregon. Family moved frequently before the war due to father's profession as a Methodist minister. During World War II, removed to Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. After leaving camp, family moved to Boston, Massachusetts, where father could attend graduate seminary school. Eventually …

Born December 8, 1934, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Born to a father from Japan and mother from the Austria-Hungary region. Grew up in Pennsylvania during World War II, where family was monitored by the FBI. Attended Pembroke College and then worked for the federal government's Department of Education, then as an administrator in the education field. Volunteered …

Sansei female. Born December 10, 1937, in Stockton, California. Spent early childhood in Stockton, where parents had a small farm. During World War II, family was sent to the Stockton Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. After leaving camp, returned to California, first to Linden and then to Sacramento, where father owned a …

Nisei male. Born March 16, 1929, in Puyallup, Washington. Grew up in the Sumner, Washington, area, where parents had a produce business. During World War II, removed with family to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war, attended the University of Washington and the University of Southern California. Established …

Issei male. Born April 4, 1934, in Hiroshima, Japan, while mother and older siblings were visiting Japan for an extended period. Came to the United States at a few months old, and grew up in the Uptown area of Los Angeles, California. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the …

Nisei female. Born December 16, 1926, in El Centro, California. Grew up in various places in California, where parents owned a barbershop. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with her family to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, resettled in Hazelton, Idaho, and Oakland, California, before moving to Seattle, Washington. After the war, …

Sansei male. Born August 9, 1945, at the Manzanar concentration camp, California, where his parents were incarcerated during World War II. Grew up in the Venice area of California, and became increasingly politically active while attending the University of California, Berkeley, during the Free Speech Movement during the late 1960s. Earned a master's degree at the …

Nisei female. Born July 25, 1925, in Pasadena, California. Grew up in Pasadena, where parents ran a small market. Removed to the Tulare Assembly Center, California, during World War II, then to the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. Left camp to attend college in Nebraska, then married and returned to California. Worked for many years at …

Nisei-han male. Born January 2, 1936, in Portland, Oregon, where father worked for the railroad. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, family moved to a small community outside of Spokane, Washington, to farm. Went to UC Berkeley and Caltech, then taught at …

Nisei female. Born October 17, 1932, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles, and was involved at an early age with traditional Japanese dancing and stage performance. During World War II, removed with family to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. After leaving camp, family resettled in Denver, …

Nisei female. Born May 13, 1922, in Chico, California. Grew up in Chico, where parents ran a produce store. Was in college when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, and was removed with her family to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to attend school in Syracuse, New York, and become a public health nurse. Later …

Nisei male. Born April 26, 1929, in Pasadena, California. Grew up on Terminal Island, California. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, family lived for a time in a hostel in Des Moines, Iowa, before returning to California. After the war, became an attorney and longtime community activist.

Nisei female. Born January 31, 1939, in Los Angeles County, California. At a young age, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona, with family. After leaving camp, returned to family's farm in Lawndale, California. Father passed away early, leaving her mother to run the farm. Hatsuko Mary became a teacher, establishing an education career in Torrance, …

Nisei male. Born October 23, 1931, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in the Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles, where parents ran a dry cleaning business. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. After leaving camp, lived for a time in a trailer park …

Sansei female. Born December 4, 1935, in Sawtelle, California. Grew up in Huntington Beach, California, where father worked as a chauffeur. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was picked up by the FBI and taken to the Tuna Canyon Detention Station. He rejoined the family at the Merced Assembly Center, California, and the family was …

Sansei male. Born November 13, 1944, in Reno, Nevada, where parents had resettled after leaving the concentration camps in Topaz, Utah, and Rohwer, Arkansas, during World War II. Grew up in East Los Angeles. Involved in a number of community social service organizations in Los Angeles, such as Oriental Concern and the Asian American Drug Abuse …

Sansei male. Born December 3, 1948, in Los Angeles, California. During World War II, parents had been incarcerated at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Father signed 'no-no' on the so-called 'loyalty questionnaire', renounced U.S. citizenship, and was sent to the Department of Justice camp at Bismarck, North Dakota. Family did not end up expatriating to …

Sansei female. Born May 20, 1945, at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Shortly after birth, parents returned to the Los Angeles, California, area, where they had been living before World War II. Grew up in the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles, and was involved in judo along with father, who was a judo instructor. …

Sansei male. Born January 21, 1940, in Los Angeles, California. While very young, removed with family to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Father joined the Military Intelligence Service out of camp, and Alan and his mother resettled in Chicago, Illinois. After father rejoined the family, they returned to …