January. The first cries of Jap. aliens from West Coast homes from Cal. pressure groups. Later demands of "enemy aliens" expand to include all persons of Jap. ancest.

Pressure group to Wash to put pressure on Congress

Jan. 29, U.S. Attorney Gen. Biddle issues first order estab. on prohibited along West Coast and regulating movements of enemy aliens therein.

Feb.

Demands for evacuation grew. Letter sent to pres. Roosevelt from Pac. Coast congressional delegation headed by Rep. Leland Ford recommending evacuation from strategic areas and persons of Jap. ancestry.

Feb. 19. Pres. issued executive order 9066 authorizing the Sec. of War or designated military commanders to prescribe military areas from which any or all persons may be excluded or movements restricted. Voluntary evacuation of Japs. from West Coast encouraged and started. Not successful.

Alien Property Custodians established.

Terminal Island fishing colony, peacetime home of 3000 Jpn. ordered evacuated in 36 his notice victimized by unscrupulous profiteers.

March

2- Lt. Gen. J.L. DeWitt commanding gen. of Western Defense Command & 4th Army designated military areas in the State of Washington, Oregon & Cal. & Arizona for evacuation.

Fed. Res. Bank & Farm Security cooperation

2. Agency to assist persons in disposing of their property.

March 14 -- War Time Civil Control Administration was established as an agency of the Western Defense Command.

March 16 -- Work started clearing land & erection of housing for the evacuee processing centers at Manzanar, Calif.

March 18 - Executive Order by Pres. War Relocation Authority civilian agency with authority to carry out program for planned and orderly relocation of evacuees.

March 21 - 1st contingent 24 hrs notice to Manzanar to help construction.

March 23 - Civilian Exclusion No. 1. Bainbridge Island to Manzanar by March 30. Posters put up 3-24.

March 27 - estab. Curfew for Germans & Italian aliens & citizens & aliens of Jap. ances.

 

March 29 - Froze all travel permits out of Military Area No. 1. period of volunteer evacuation ended. 8,000 persons left.

April - WRA director met with 10 gov. as result of antagonistic views expressed by Western gov regarding private resettlement.

WRA temp. abandon original plan to resettle evacuees individually in areas.

Relocation centers begun. Evacuation proceeded in April & May - Puyallup, Portland, Marysville, Walengra, Stockton, Merced, etc. Santa Anita.

3. WRA centers at Idaho, Minidoka, Granada, Colo. Topaz, Utah, Rowher & Jerome Ark.

Western Def. C.. May 19 - Assembly & reloc. centers established as military centers and forbidding evacuees to leave without express approval of W. DC.

1st group volunteer evacuee sugar beet workers from Portland later thousands - $16,000,000 (Idaho) credited saving.

August 1942 - Movement began for relocation centers completed by Oct. 31.

Sept - Terms evacuees could leave center indef. short term & group leaves.

Oct. 3 - Completion of evacuees into relocation camps.

Nov. - Hawaiians

Dec. Curfew regulation lifted from Italians & Germans. Zones except military zones 1 & 2 of Cal. lifted.

Jan. 1943 - Relocation urged and speeded. WRA offices for employment set up.

Feb. Enlistment for US army volunteers.

March - Relocation plans - [illegible] open - segregation of disloyal.

4. Buildings - Housing. Regular Army design - made of green lumber - cracks, barracks in blocks, buildings divided 20 x 16 - 20 x 25 occupied by one complete families. 2 latrines - shower, bath & laundry combination - 2 mess halls.

Food Grade B Army Rations supplied by Army Quartermaster Corps. Eating is communal. No furniture except stoves, army cots & mattresses. Most of furniture made.

Recreation:

Recreation Halls

Recreation department

Moves: "Laddie" & Pantheon Empire

2 new dances - weekly

recordings

baseball

football

softball

basketball - outside now supervises plays grounds for children.

Leaves to go on hike, etc.

J. drama etc. for adults.

Education

Barrack school houses now large central high school. Caucasian teachers with Nisei assistants.

Adult classes - day and night. Americanization popular among issei.

Pay $12 (apprentice) - $16 (workers) - $19 (highly skilled)

$3.60 per month clothing allowance.

Community store shop of [illegible] stock.

Community Enterprise. Beauty workers, shoe repair.

5. National Student Relocation Council established - with approval of WRA & War Dept.

American Civil Liberties Union

Committee on Resettlement of Japanese Americans. N.W. & Chicago sponsored by Fed. Council of Churches, Home Mission Council, Foreign Mission Conference.

Fellowship of Reconciliation.

Friends Society of Quakers.

Girl Scouts.

Y.W. & Y.M. Ca. G.R.

N.A. of U. Women

Red Cross

description of Relocation Centers - Christmas in Heart Mt.

touch relocation

6. Government - Block Adminis - Community Coordinating Council by Nisei to handle small affairs altho actually they abide by regulations est. by the WRA.

Newspaper

Poster shops

Library

Reports division

News

Posters

Documents

Community Enterprise

Stores

Shops, etc.

Recreation

Classes

Hobby

Clubs

Movies

Education

Day & nite classes

Social Welfare

Religious Education

Catholic

Protestant - Union

Episcopalian

Seventh Day

Buddhist

Salvation Army

Problems

Lack of Privacy

I feel sorry for us. feel sorrier still for you nisei because it looks like your country has repudiated you.

We still feel that the basis on which we were evacuated (because of racial extraction) was unjust and altho we believe our incarceration was illegal (because of our American Bill of Right) we have decided that the fullest cooperation of the gov is the very best way to prove our loyalty to our country.

1952 - Immigration & Nationality Act of 1952 made people of all races & nationalities eligible for American citizenship.

1971 - 9/25 - Repealed Emergency Detention Act

2/19/76 - Rescinded Ex. Order 9066.

8/10/88 - Redress Bill signed 8/10/88