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"title": "Ayame Tsutakawa - Mayumi Tsutakawa - Kenzan Tsutakawa-Chinn - Yayoi Tsutakawa-Chinn",
"description": "This is an intergenerational, group interview of members of the Tsutakawa family. Ayame Tsutakawa is a Kibei female born 1924 in Hollywood, California, then sent to Japan to live with relatives when thirteen months old. She returned to the United States at the age of twelve. During WWII, she was incarcerated in the Sacramento Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp. While in camp she met George Tsutakawa, (world reknowned artist, 1910-1997) whom she married. The Tsutakawas had four children: Gerard, Mayumi, Deems, and Marcus. Ayame's daughter, Mayumi, and Mayumi's two children: Kenzan and Yayoi, also participated in this interview. Mayumi was born in 1949, Kenzan was born in 1980, and Yayoi was born in 1986. This family interview focuses on the lessons and impacts of the incarceration as seen by different generations within the same family.<p>(The Tsutakawas were interviewed at the former site of the Tule Lake incarceration camp, in the context of a larger Tule Lake reunion, called the \"Tule Lake Pilgrimage, Journey of Remembrance and Discovery,\" organized by the Tule Lake Committee. This Pilgrimage was attended by people from up and down the West Coast, and included a narrated walking tour of the campsite, panel lectures, intergenerational discussion groups, cultural performances, and an interfaith religious ceremony.)",
"extent": "00:32:42",
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"namepart": "Ayame Tsutakawa"
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{
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"namepart": "Mayumi Tsutakawa"
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{
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"oh_id": 96,
"namepart": "Kenzan Tsutakawa-Chinn"
},
{
"role": "narrator",
"oh_id": 97,
"namepart": "Yayoi Tsutakawa-Chinn"
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{
"role": "interviewer",
"namepart": "Tracy Lai"
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{
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"namepart": "Steve Hamada"
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"nr_id": "88922/nr015zr73",
"namepart": "Iwasa, Ayame"
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],
"contributor": "Densho",
"rights": "cc",
"genre": "interview",
"location": "Klamath Falls, Oregon",
"creation": "July 3, 1998",
"status": "completed",
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{
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"title": "Letter from Ryo Tsai to Elder Brother-in-Law",
"description": "Warm greetings until we meet. Ai Chih Tsai and Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai met with Commander Dowie, Lt. Kerr, and J. Dickson of Canadian Mission Board in D.C.. Dickson is very enthusiastic about Ai Chih Tsai's plans. Ryo asked that printed literature with details of the plan (buildings, cost, location, mission, current board members, etc. ) would help Ai Chih Tsai raise money in US.",
"extent": "8W x 10.5H",
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"namepart": "Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"
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"term": "Education -- Higher education",
"id": "34"
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{
"term": "Religion and churches -- Christianity",
"id": "396"
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"namepart": "Tsai, Ai Chih"
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{
"namepart": "Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa) Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai)"
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{
"namepart": "Dowie, Kenneth"
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{
"namepart": "Kerr, George \"Jack\" H."
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{
"namepart": "Dickson, James"
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{
"namepart": "Presbyterian Church in Canada Board of Foreign Ministers"
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{
"namepart": "United States Department of Commerce"
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],
"contributor": "Densho",
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"genre": "correspondence",
"location": "Washington, District of Columbia",
"creation": "February 23, 1946",
"status": "completed",
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"display_name": "Peter Irons",
"bio": "White male. Born 1940 in Salem, Massachusetts. Family moved frequently during his childhood due to father's employment. Strongly influenced by parents' values regarding racial tolerance and inclusion, and principles learned through Unitarian Church. While attending Antioch College in Ohio, became involved in political and social activism for civil rights. Joined the youth branch of NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and other groups. Active in sit-ins and other demonstrations addressing racial inequality, peace and related issues, eventually becoming a full-time organizer. Worked for the United Autoworkers Union. Resisted the draft, and was indicted by a federal grand jury in 1964. Convicted of failing to report for military service and sentenced to three years in prison. Graduated from Antioch College, 1966. Appealed his conviction to the United States Court of Appeals and lost. Served his sentence in federal institutions in Milan, Michigan, Terre Haute, Indiana, and Danbury, Connecticut. Following release from prison in 1969, attended graduate school at Boston University, obtaining PhD in political science in 1973. Accepted to Harvard Law School. While a law student, researched and filed a writ of error coram nobis with the federal court in which he had been convicted, and as a result had his conviction vacated. (Writ of error coram nobis establishes that the original case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution.) Graduated from Harvard Law School in 1978. Taught undergraduate and law school courses at several schools before joining faculty of the University of California at San Diego. While conducting research at the National Archives and Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. in preparation for writing a book, discovered evidence of governmental misconduct during World War II, which refuted the U.S. government's rationale of \"military necessity\" for the mass incarceration of persons of Japanese ancestry in 1942. Using this evidence, assisted the congressional Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. Contacted original defendants, initiated formation of legal teams, and was instrumental in filing petitions using the writ of error coram nobis, resulting in the reconsideration of the wartime \"internment cases\": Hirabayashi, Korematsu, and Yasui. Dr. Irons is a professor of political science and director of the Earl Warren Bill of Rights Project at the University of California, San Diego."
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"title": "Scrapbook of newspaper clipping",
"description": "Loose scrapbook pages containing newspaper and magazine clipping, a press release, and a speech transcript. Selected article titles: Seattle Post-Intelligencer: \"Seattle Japs return home\" (p. 1), \"The National Director speaks to residents\" (p. 2), \"237 Bainbridge Japs leave, head south\" (p. 3), \"No refunds for japs, says city\" (p. 4), \"Sad farewells while troops stand by\" (p. 4), \"Tears, smiles mingle as Japs bid Bainbridge farewell\" (p. 4), \"Order 'freezes' aliens on coast\" (p. 4), Seattle Times: \"Evacuation scenes -:- sad farewells\" (p. 5), \"Tears, smiles mingle as Japs bid Bainbridge farewell\" (p. 5), \"Bainbridge Island Japanese go south\" (p. 6), Seattle Post-Intelligencer: \"Bainbridge Japs leave\" (p. 7), \"221 quit homes in first evacuation\" (p. 7), \"Worthy to bear arms and die but not to grow tomatoes!\" (p. 9), \"Wise men still look to Bethlehem\" (p. 15), \"President Roosevelt's promise must be fulfilled!\" (p. 17), \"A lesson in understanding\" (p. 24), Letters to the editor of Bainbridge Review (p. 25), \"Army ban revocation 'excites' evacuees who delay decision to return\" (p. 26), \"Schuyler charges 'smear' as review is hit again: 34 attend 'anti-Jap' meet\" (p. 27), \"Race and Racism\" press release with text of speech (p. 32-41), \"Army ships 227 to camps in California\" (p. 42), \"Steel center on Hokkaido new target\" (p. 43), \"Florists spurn his flowers, says U.S.-born Japanese\" (p. 43), \"Our 110,000 New Boarders\" (p. 45), Seattle Post-Intelligencer: \"Frozen money worries Japanese\" (p. 49)",
"extent": "pages: 9.75W x 13.625H; clipping: various sizes",
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{
"term": "World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")",
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{
"term": "World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Preparation",
"id": "189"
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"term": "World War II -- Non-incarcerated Japanese Americans",
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{
"term": "World War II -- Economic losses",
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"term": "World War II -- Leaving camp -- Returning home",
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{
"term": "World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers",
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{
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{
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"namepart": "Bainbridge Island Review"
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"namepart": "DeWitt, John L."
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"namepart": "First Japanese Baptist Church"
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"namepart": "Fukushima, Jun"
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"namepart": "Fukuyama, Tsutomi \"Tom\""
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"namepart": "Hirakawa, K."
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"namepart": "Katayama, Yoshio"
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"namepart": "Kawachi, George"
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"namepart": "Kawachi, Ted"
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"namepart": "Kirakawa, Kihachi"
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"namepart": "Kitayama Greenhouse and Gardens"
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"namepart": "Kitayama, Ted"
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"namepart": "Matsumoto, Carrie"
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"namepart": "Matsumoto, Suma"
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"namepart": "Matsumoto, Tom"
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"namepart": "McEvoy, J. P."
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{
"namepart": "Moji, Y."
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{
"namepart": "Myer, Dillon S."
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"namepart": "Nagano, Florence"
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"namepart": "Nagano, Paul"
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{
"namepart": "Nagatagawa, Clifford"
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{
"namepart": "Nagatani, F. O."
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{
"namepart": "Nagatani, Ichiro"
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{
"namepart": "Nakagawa, Charles"
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"namepart": "Nakagawa, Henry"
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{
"namepart": "Nakata, John"
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{
"namepart": "Nakata, M."
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{
"namepart": "Nishimira, Kejo"
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{
"namepart": "Okazaki, H."
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{
"namepart": "Omodera, Fumi"
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"namepart": "Omoto, M."
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"namepart": "Omoto, Sadayoshi"
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"namepart": "Onedera, Saturo"
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{
"namepart": "Powell, Sidney W."
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{
"namepart": "Roosevelt, Franklin Delano"
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{
"namepart": "Sakai, Yacko"
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"namepart": "Schuyler, Lambert"
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"namepart": "Terashita, Hideo"
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"namepart": "Yamasaki, Masao"
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{
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"display_name": "Pramila Jayapal",
"bio": "Born September 21, 1965 in Madras, India. Attended the Jakarta International School in Indonesia before moving to the United States to attend college at Georgetown University. Worked as an investment banker in New York City as well as in the management development program for Physio-Control. Currently, Pramila is the founder and Executive Director of Hate Free Zone Washington. An activist and writer, Pramila has been actively involved in international and domestic social justice issues for over 12 years, working across Africa, Asia and Latin America as well as domestically with immigrant and refugee communities in Washington state. She speaks frequently at universities and community events on issues of gender, globalization, development and community. She serves on several boards including Chaya, a non-profit organization serving South Asian women in crisis; the Institute of Current World Affairs; and Hedgebrook Women Writers Retreat. Pramila has a Masters in Business Administration from Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management, and a B.A. from Georgetown University in English and Economics. She is also the author of Pilgrimage to India: A Woman Revisits Her Homeland (Seal Press, 2000). Pramila and HFZ Campaign have received several awards and recognitions for its work, including the City of Seattle's 2002 Civil Rights Award, the Washington Bar Association's Access to Justice Community Leadership Award, the Japanese American Citizens League Leadership Award, the Northwest Asian Weekly Foundation's Community Leaders Award, a leadership award from Congressman Jim McDermott, and the Ecumenical Leadership Award from the Washington Association of Churches. In January 2004, Pramila was named one of the top ten Puget Sound regional leaders by the Seattle Times Editorial Board."
},
{
"id": "ddr-densho-7-11",
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"img": "https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-7/ddr-densho-7-11-mezzanine-bcd394a101-a.jpg",
"thumb": "http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-7/ddr-densho-7-11-mezzanine-bcd394a101-a.jpg"
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"title": "WRA resettlement image",
"description": "Original WRA caption: \"One of the most imposing and beautiful buildings in the city of Milwaukee is the Milwaukee County Building which was built at a cost of $10,000,000. With its well-laid out street, its inviting parklanes, and orderly lawns, Milwaukee not only offers Nisei new homes and new jobs, but gives them the advantage of beauty and comfort.\" Beginning in summer 1942, the War Relocation Authority (WRA) began to release incarcerees and encouraged them to resettle in areas of the United States other than the West Coast. However, many Japanese Americans were reluctant to leave (incarcerees did not depart in large numbers until 1944). The Issei in particular, many of whom were sixty or older, had little with which to start a new life after losing their farms and small businesses. Incarcerees also feared for their safety; reports and rumors of hostile treatment by outsiders were common in camps. The WRA started a campaign to show how good life was outside the camps and away from the West Coast. The agency took photographs of the Kaneko and Isoda families for that purpose. Tei Kaneko and her family joined her sister, Sachiko Isoda, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where a church had helped them find a furnished home. Incarcerees from various camps informed Kaneko that they had seen the WRA photographs posted on camp blackboards.",
"extent": "2107W x 1567H (pixels)",
"links_children": "ddr-densho-7-11",
"topics": [
{
"term": "World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"",
"id": "104"
}
],
"format": "img",
"language": [
"eng"
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"contributor": "Densho",
"rights": "pcc",
"genre": "photograph",
"location": "Milwaukee, Wisconsin",
"creation": "1944",
"status": "completed",
"search_hidden": "",
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{
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"title": "Letter written on behalf of Keizaburo Koyama by Mr. and Mrs. A.C. Goodenough. Page 2 of 4.",
"description": "Photocopy of a declassified letter written to Dr. William G. Everson, President of Linnfield College in McMinneville, Oregon and Chairman of the Alien Enemy Hearing Board by Mr. and Mrs. A.C. Goodenough. This is the second page of a four-letter. The letter continues, stating that early on in their relationship with the Koyamas, Mrs. Koyama confessed to a mistake they had made in the past. The Koyamas wanted to make sure that their friendship with the Goodenoughs was a loyal and honest one. The Goodenoughs do not elaborate on the nature of the mistake, stating it was \"not to [sic] serious, certainly not un-American.\" Mrs. Goodenough notes that the Koyamas lived with them for a year and wholly earned their trust and love and came to see the Koyamas as family. Further on, Mrs. Goodenough adds that her husband has been unwell for the last five years and during that time, the Koyamas never once betrayed their trust or took advantage of them. Mrs. Goodenough feels that Dr. Koyama did nothing to warrant being picked up and that any association he may be part of would not garner government interest if it had been peacetime. She feels that Dr. Koyama is a loyal American and would never harm either the United States or her and her husband.",
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"title": "WRA resettlement image",
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"contributor": "Densho",
"rights": "pcc",
"genre": "photograph",
"location": "Milwaukee, Wisconsin",
"creation": "1944",
"status": "completed",
"search_hidden": "Kaneko, Tei \nIsoda, George \nKaneko, Wayne",
"download_large": "ddr-densho-7-6-mezzanine-b3129359a2-a.jpg"
},
{
"id": "ddr-densho-1021-8",
"model": "entity",
"index": "13 2113/{'value': 2145, 'relation': 'eq'}",
"links": {
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"json": "https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-8/",
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"thumb": "http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-8-1-mezzanine-a91c4d2b40-a.jpg"
},
"title": "Thomas T. Noguchi Interview",
"description": "Thomas Noguchi was the first Japanese American to serve as the Chief Medical Examiner-Coroner of Los Angeles Country. Well-known for conducting autopsies of public figures such as Robert F. Kennedy, Marilyn Monroe, and William Holden, Noguchi was in the position between 1967 and 1982. As a Shin Issei immigrant born in Japan (in 1927) and trained in medicine in both Japan and the United States, Noguchi faced racial prejudice especially early in his career, leading to a dismissal from the position in 1969. The Japanese American community and organizations, including the Japanese American Citizens League, made a concerted effort to reinstate him, a campaign that proved successful. Noguchi felt \"grateful,\" and when US survivors ask for his assistance to organize themselves in 1970, he felt as if it was a good opportunity to give back to the community. He enlisted support for US hibakusha from the California State Senator Mervyn Dymally and the U.S. Congressman Edward Roybal. They authored the bills that would have established a publicly funded program for medical care and treatment of radiation illnesses among US survivors. Although both the state and federal bills failed, Noguchi's collaborative effort with the politicians of color reveal changing racial and class relations in the state and national politics in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Noguchi's interview includes a discussion of his work with key leaders of the US survivors' organization, his communication with the JACL, and the public hearings for the medical bills.",
"extent": "0:54:01",
"links_children": "ddr-densho-1021-8",
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"genre": "interview",
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"creation": "27-Mar-14",
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{
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},
"title": "Lorraine Bannai Interview",
"description": "Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Gardena, California, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort.",
"extent": "04:11:39",
"links_children": "ddr-densho-1000-113",
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{
"role": "interviewer",
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},
{
"role": "interviewer",
"namepart": "Alice Ito"
},
{
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}
],
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"eng"
],
"contributor": "Densho",
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"genre": "interview",
"location": "Seattle, Washington",
"creation": "March 23 & 24, 2000",
"status": "completed",
"search_hidden": "Lorraine Bannai narrator \nMargaret Chon interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nJohn Pai/Dana Hoshide videographer",
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},
{
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"display_name": "Dale Minami",
"bio": "Sansei male. Born in Los Angeles, California on October 13, 1946, and grew up in Gardena, California. Received B.A. in Political Science from University of Southern California, graduated magna cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa in 1968. Received J.D., 1971, from Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California. Mr. Minami was a co-founder of the Asian Law Caucus, Inc., a co-founder of the Asian Pacific American Bar Association of the Greater Bay Area, the Asian Pacific Bar of California and the Coalition of Asian Pacific Americans. He was involved in significant litigation affecting civil rights of Asian Pacific Americans and other minorities, including Korematsu v. United States, a lawsuit to overturn a 40 year old conviction for refusal to obey exclusion orders aimed at Japanese Americans during WWII, originally upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in landmark decisions; United Pilipinos for Affirmative Action v. California Blue Shield, the first class action employment lawsuit brought by Asian Pacific Americans on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans; Spokane JACL v. Washington State University, a class action on behalf of Asian Pacific Americans to establish an Asian American Studies program at Washington State University; and Nakanishi v. UCLA, a claim for unfair denial of tenure which resulted in the granting of tenure after widespread publicity over discrimination in academia. Mr. Minami represents Kristi Yamaguchi, the 1992 Olympic Gold Medal skater, playwright Philip Kan Gotanda, actor Lane Nishikawa, and others in the fields of media and entertainment. He is counsel to the National Asian American Telecommunications Association and the Asian American Journalists' Association. Mr. Minami has taught at University of California, Berkeley and Mills College in Oakland, CA and has been a Commissioner of the State of California's Fair Employment and Housing Commission, a Commissioner on the State Bar of California, Commission on Judicial Nominees Evaluation, the Chair of the Attorney General's Asian/Pacific Advisory Committee and a Member of Senator Barbara Boxer's Judicial Screening Committee. He was Chair of the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Commission, appointed by President Clinton in 1994. Mr. Minami has received numerous awards including the State Bar President's Pro bono Service Award, an honorary Juris Doctor degree from the McGeorge School of Law, designation of a dormitory at the University of California at Santa Cruz as the \"Queen Liliuokalani-Minami\" Dormitory, awards from the Coro Foundation, the Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Northern California, the Harry Dow Memorial Fellowship in Boston, the Fred Korematsu Civil Rights Fund Award, the Organization of Chinese Americans, the Japanese American Youth Center and the Centro Legale de la Raza. Mr. Minami is a partner with Minami, Lew and Tamaki in San Francisco, and specializes in personal injury and entertainment law."
},
{
"id": "ddr-one-5-153",
"model": "entity",
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"title": "Department of Justice Alien Enemy Hearing Board Report and Recommendation page 1 of 4",
"description": "Photocopy of a declassified report detailing the reasoning behind the recommendation that Dr. Keizaburo Koyama be interned as an alien enemy. The first page notes those individuals that wrote on his behalf, but since their letters were not in affidavit form, they failed to comply with the Department's regulations for the conduct of alien hearings. As such, they were submitted only as character references and were found to not be helpful to the board and their investigation.",
"extent": "1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H",
"links_children": "ddr-one-5-153",
"creators": [
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Everson, William G."
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Clark, Alfred E."
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Scott, Leslie M."
},
{
"role": "United States District Attorney",
"namepart": "Donaugh, Carl C."
}
],
"topics": [
{
"term": "World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Decision to incarcerate",
"id": "203"
}
],
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"eng"
],
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{
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},
{
"namepart": "Clark, Alfred E."
},
{
"namepart": "Scott, Leslie M."
},
{
"namepart": "Donaugh, Carl C."
},
{
"namepart": "U.S. Department of Justice"
},
{
"namepart": "Koyama, Keizaburo"
},
{
"namepart": "Koyama, Ken"
},
{
"namepart": "Koyama, Keisaburo"
}
],
"contributor": "Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon",
"geography": [
{
"term": "Portland",
"id": "289"
},
{
"term": "Seattle",
"id": "293"
},
{
"term": "Japan",
"id": "108"
}
],
"rights": "cc",
"genre": "misc_document",
"location": "Portland, Oregon",
"facility": [
{
"term": "Fort Missoula",
"id": "30"
}
],
"creation": "February 12, 1942",
"status": "completed",
"search_hidden": "Everson, William G. author \nClark, Alfred E. author \nScott, Leslie M. author \nDonaugh, Carl C. United States District Attorney Everson, William G. \nClark, Alfred E. \nScott, Leslie M. \nDonaugh, Carl C. \nU.S. Department of Justice \nKoyama, Keizaburo \nKoyama, Ken \nKoyama, Keisaburo",
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},
{
"id": "ddr-csujad-55-1637",
"model": "entity",
"index": "17 2117/{'value': 2145, 'relation': 'eq'}",
"links": {
"html": "https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-1637/",
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"title": "Tulean dispatch magazine section, vol. 1, no. 9 (April 1943)",
"description": "Monthly publication at Tule Lake incarceration camp including stories, poems, commentary and creative writing. Current issue includes \"Question 28\" by Shuji Kimura, \"Mandy's Dream\" by Frank Hijikata, \"Toppers in Camp\" by Yuri Kobukata, Mary Harumi Sakai, and Lorraine Takayama, \"Band Leader\" by Bryan Mayeda, \"Bachelor's Quarters\" by George Nakamura, \"Poultry Farm\" by Makoto Kobukata and \"Looking Back\" by Toko Fuji. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/10481\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sac_jaac_1639</a>",
"extent": "24 pages; 8.5 x 7 inches",
"links_children": "ddr-csujad-55-1637",
"creators": [
{
"role": "publisher",
"namepart": "United States. War Relocation Authority"
},
{
"role": "publisher",
"namepart": "Tulean Dispatch"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Ozaki, Yukio"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Kimura, Shuji"
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Hijikata, Frank"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Kobukata, Yuri"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Sakai, Mary Harumi"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Takayama, Lorraine"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Mayeda, Bryan"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Nakamura, George"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Kobukata, Makoto"
},
{
"role": "contributor",
"namepart": "Fuji, Toko"
}
],
"topics": [
{
"term": "World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications",
"id": "74"
},
{
"term": "World War II -- Concentration camps -- Arts and literature",
"id": "172"
},
{
"term": "Journalism and media",
"id": "387"
}
],
"format": "doc",
"language": [
"eng"
],
"contributor": "California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives",
"rights": "nocc",
"genre": "misc_document",
"location": "Newell, California",
"facility": [
{
"term": "Tule Lake",
"id": "10"
}
],
"creation": "1943-04",
"status": "completed",
"search_hidden": "United States. War Relocation Authority publisher \nTulean Dispatch publisher \nOzaki, Yukio contributor \nKimura, Shuji contributor \nHijikata, Frank author \nKobukata, Yuri contributor \nSakai, Mary Harumi contributor \nTakayama, Lorraine contributor \nMayeda, Bryan contributor \nNakamura, George contributor \nKobukata, Makoto contributor \nFuji, Toko contributor",
"download_large": "ddr-csujad-55-1637-mezzanine-c932321fe3-a.jpg"
},
{
"id": "ddr-densho-446-393",
"model": "entity",
"index": "18 2118/{'value': 2145, 'relation': 'eq'}",
"links": {
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"thumb": "http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-393-mezzanine-e99109aafa-a.jpg"
},
"title": "Advance Congregational Christian Journal: As American as Hot Dogs and Coca-Cola",
"description": "Article by Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai on what it means to be a \"minority\" American and influence of faith",
"extent": "8.125W x 10.75H",
"links_children": "ddr-densho-446-393",
"creators": [
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"
}
],
"topics": [
{
"term": "Identity and values -- Nisei",
"id": "44"
},
{
"term": "Religion and churches -- Christianity",
"id": "396"
},
{
"term": "Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations",
"id": "38"
},
{
"term": "Journalism and media -- Mass media",
"id": "391"
},
{
"term": "Identity and values -- Japanese American identity",
"id": "47"
},
{
"term": "Identity and values -- Nisei",
"id": "44"
},
{
"term": "Race and racism -- Discrimination",
"id": "37"
},
{
"term": "World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")",
"id": "57"
},
{
"term": "World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath",
"id": "48"
},
{
"term": "Activism and involvement -- Civil rights",
"id": "234"
},
{
"term": "Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle",
"id": "293"
}
],
"format": "doc",
"language": [
"eng"
],
"persons": [
{
"namepart": "Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"
},
{
"namepart": "Advance Congregational Christian Journal"
},
{
"namepart": "Japanese Congregational Church (San Diego)"
},
{
"namepart": "Veterans of Foreign Wars"
},
{
"namepart": "Morikawa, Kennosuke \"Frank\" (Kusumoto)"
},
{
"namepart": "Kawai, Michi"
},
{
"namepart": "Bryn Mawr"
},
{
"namepart": "Anderson, Marian"
},
{
"namepart": "United States Supreme Court"
},
{
"namepart": "McCracken, Robert J."
},
{
"namepart": "Riverside Church (New York)"
}
],
"contributor": "Densho",
"rights": "cc",
"genre": "periodical",
"location": "New York, New York",
"creation": "May 30, 1956",
"status": "completed",
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"download_large": "ddr-densho-446-393-mezzanine-e99109aafa-a.jpg"
},
{
"id": "ddr-densho-1000-137-29",
"model": "segment",
"index": "19 2119/{'value': 2145, 'relation': 'eq'}",
"links": {
"html": "https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-137-29/",
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"img": "https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg",
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},
"title": "Mitsuye May Yamada Interview Segment 29",
"description": "Involvement in the Multiethnic Literature of the United States conferences<p>Mitsuye Yamada was interviewed together with her two surviving brothers, William Toshio Yasutake and Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. She was interviewed individually on October 9-10, 2002.<p></p>Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.<p></p>The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.",
"extent": "00:05:52",
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"creators": [
{
"role": "narrator",
"oh_id": 129,
"namepart": "Mitsuye May Yamada"
},
{
"role": "interviewer",
"namepart": "Alice Ito"
},
{
"role": "videographer",
"namepart": "Dana Hoshide"
}
],
"format": "vh",
"language": [
"eng"
],
"contributor": "Densho",
"rights": "cc",
"genre": "interview",
"location": "Seattle, Washington",
"creation": "October 9 & 10, 2002",
"status": "completed",
"search_hidden": "Mitsuye May Yamada narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer",
"download_large": "denshovh-ymitsuye-01-a.jpg"
},
{
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"model": "collection",
"index": "20 2120/{'value': 2145, 'relation': 'eq'}",
"links": {
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},
"title": "Kenjiro and Miyuki “Kay” Kida Family Collection",
"description": "This collection consists of personal correspondence, legal documents, photographic prints, news clippings, and other materials related to a Japanese American family from White Salmon, Washington. These historical records trace a journey that included hurdles of federal and state laws, war and incarceration, exile and resettlement. Significantly, the collection includes firsthand accounts of the Portland Assembly Center and daily life at a Japanese American farm labor camp located outside of Nyssa, OR, while working in the sugar beet fields of Eastern Oregon.",
"extent": "150 personal correspondences, legal documents, photographic prints, news clippings, and other historical records; 0.5 linear feet.",
"links_children": "ddr-one-3",
"creators": [
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Johnson, James Albert \"Al\""
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Kida, George"
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "McCoy, Keith"
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Pyatt, Sarah \"Sade\""
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Waldron,Vickie"
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Wylder, Bertha"
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "United States government"
},
{
"role": "author",
"namepart": "Mid-Columbia Japanese American Citizen League"
}
],
"language": [
"eng"
],
"contributor": "Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon",
"public": "1",
"rights": "cc",
"status": "completed",
"search_hidden": "Johnson, James Albert \"Al\" author \nKida, George author \nMcCoy, Keith author \nPyatt, Sarah \"Sade\" author \nWaldron,Vickie author \nWylder, Bertha author \nUnited States government author \nMid-Columbia Japanese American Citizen League author",
"download_large": "ddr-one-3-1-master-277b3287ce-a.jpg"
},
{
"id": "ddr-densho-446-363",
"model": "entity",
"index": "21 2121/{'value': 2145, 'relation': 'eq'}",
"links": {
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"thumb": "http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-363-mezzanine-916fffacf9-a.jpg"
},
"title": "Keynote address by Bob H. Suzuki for Nisei Honorary Degree Ceremony",
"description": "",
"extent": "8.5W x 11H",
"links_children": "ddr-densho-446-363",
"creators": [
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"role": "author",
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}
],
"topics": [
{
"term": "Identity and values -- Nisei",
"id": "44"
},
{
"term": "Redress and reparations",
"id": "110"
},
{
"term": "Reflections on the past",
"id": "118"
},
{
"term": "World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- The journey",
"id": "192"
},
{
"term": "World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers",
"id": "61"
},
{
"term": "World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Living conditions",
"id": "62"
},
{
"term": "World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Impacts of incarceration",
"id": "408"
},
{
"term": "Community activities -- Sports -- Baseball",
"id": "314"
},
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"description": "Female, child of Issei parents. Born July 5, 1923, in Fukuoka, Japan while her mother and two older Nisei brothers visited relatives. Named Mitsuye Mei Yasutake at birth. From age 3, grew up in Seattle, WA. Father employed by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service as interpreter for twenty years, until separated from family on December 7, 1941 and interned as an enemy alien. Attended Cleveland High School before being removed from Seattle with mother and three brothers in 1942, and incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Allowed temporary leave from Minidoka, to travel with brother William Toshio Yasutake to visit their father, Jack Kaichiro Yasutake, incarcerated at U.S. Department of Justice internment camp in Lordsburg, NM.<p></p>Released from Minidoka in 1943 to work and attend college in Cincinnati. Received B.A. in English and Art from New York University. M.A. in English Literature and Research from University of Chicago. Married and had four children. Moved to Southern California in 1960. Taught for 23 years at community colleges in Southern California and other institutions, retiring from Cypress College as Professor of English in 1989. Author of <i>Camp Notes and Other Poems</i>, first published in 1976; <i>Desert Run</i>, (1988); writer of numerous other essays, short stories, and poems widely anthologized in collections such as <i>This Bridge Called My Back</i> (1981) and <i>Women Poets of the World</i> (1983). Featured in \"Mitsuye and Nellie: Two American Poets,\" documentary film on Asian women in the United States, aired on national public television, 1981.<p></p>Founder of MultiCultural Women Writers (MCWW), member of Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States (MELUS), and active in many community, arts and cross-cultural programs. Elected to National Board of Directors of Amnesty International USA in 1987 and served for six years. Recipient of numerous awards and honors recognizing her professional and volunteer contributions to society.<p>(Mitsuye Yamada was interviewed together with her two surviving brothers, William Toshio Yasutake and Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. She was interviewed individually on October 9-10, 2002.<p></p>Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.<p></p>The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.)",
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"description": "White male. Born 1940 in Salem, Massachusetts. Family moved frequently during his childhood due to father's employment. Strongly influenced by parents' values regarding racial tolerance and inclusion, and principles learned through Unitarian Church. While attending Antioch College in Ohio, became involved in political and social activism for civil rights. Joined the youth branch of NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and other groups. Active in sit-ins and other demonstrations addressing racial inequality, peace and related issues, eventually becoming a full-time organizer. Worked for the United Autoworkers Union. Resisted the draft, and was indicted by a federal grand jury in 1964. Convicted of failing to report for military service and sentenced to three years in prison. Graduated from Antioch College, 1966. Appealed his conviction to the United States Court of Appeals and lost. Served his sentence in federal institutions in Milan, Michigan, Terre Haute, Indiana, and Danbury, Connecticut. Following release from prison in 1969, attended graduate school at Boston University, obtaining PhD in political science in 1973. Accepted to Harvard Law School. While a law student, researched and filed a writ of error coram nobis with the federal court in which he had been convicted, and as a result had his conviction vacated. (Writ of error coram nobis establishes that the original case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution.) Graduated from Harvard Law School in 1978. Taught undergraduate and law school courses at several schools before joining faculty of the University of California at San Diego. While conducting research at the National Archives and Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. in preparation for writing a book, discovered evidence of governmental misconduct during World War II, which refuted the U.S. government's rationale of \"military necessity\" for the mass incarceration of persons of Japanese ancestry in 1942. Using this evidence, assisted the congressional Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. Contacted original defendants, initiated formation of legal teams, and was instrumental in filing petitions using the writ of error coram nobis, resulting in the reconsideration of the wartime \"internment cases\": Hirabayashi, Korematsu, and Yasui. Dr. Irons is a professor of political science and director of the Earl Warren Bill of Rights Project at the University of California, San Diego.",
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