Draft resistance

In 1944 the government reinstated the draft for Japanese Americans after suspending it in 1942 and began drafting men directly from the camps. This action angered many. At Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, resistance took the form of an organized movement calling itself the Fair Play Committee. Members demanded that their rights as citizens be restored before enlisting in the military. Eventually, sixty-three men from Heart Mountain refused induction and were sentenced to prison terms for draft evasion. In the other camps, disparate individuals made the decision to resist the draft. After being unfairly incarcerated for almost two years, they saw the draft as the final injustice. Ultimately, 267 men from all the concentration camps were convicted of evading the draft and most served time in prison. President Truman pardoned all of the resisters in 1947.

World War II (231)
Resistance and dissidence (84)
Draft resistance (349)

Related articles from the Densho Encyclopedia :
Draft resistance, Frank Emi, Gordon Hirabayashi, No-No Boy (book)

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349 items
Frank Emi Interview II Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-20-10)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 10 (ddr-densho-122-20-10)
Bolstered by public support from James Omura, editor of the Rocky Shimpo

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 23 (ddr-densho-122-20-23)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 23 (ddr-densho-122-20-23)
Long-term affects of wartime resistance; reaction of community members

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 22 (ddr-densho-122-20-22)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 22 (ddr-densho-122-20-22)
Reflections on decision to resist the draft: "the injustice of the whole thing was so great, unfair"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-20-7)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-20-7)
Reaction to the government's institution of the military draft, holding a rally

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 19 (ddr-densho-122-20-19)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 19 (ddr-densho-122-20-19)
Passing time in prison, talking with Issei Guntaro Kubota

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 21 (ddr-densho-122-20-21)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 21 (ddr-densho-122-20-21)
Life after World War II: losing touch with other Fair Play Committee leaders, working for the post office, teaching judo

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-20-6)
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Beginnings of the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 12 (ddr-densho-122-20-12)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 12 (ddr-densho-122-20-12)
Discussion of the bulletins issues by the Fair Play Committee and "the one line that got us indicted"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 17 (ddr-densho-122-20-17)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 17 (ddr-densho-122-20-17)
Receiving a "guilty" verdict and filing an appeal

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-20-15)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-20-15)
Arrest by the FBI, leaving family and being taken to jail

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 13 (ddr-densho-122-20-13)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 13 (ddr-densho-122-20-13)
Thoughts on Ben Kuroki's visit to Heart Mountain

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 18 (ddr-densho-122-20-18)
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Serving time in the Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-20-8)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-20-8)
Ineligible for the draft, yet choosing to resist on principle

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Frank Emi Interview II Segment 14 (ddr-densho-122-20-14)
vh Frank Emi Interview II Segment 14 (ddr-densho-122-20-14)
The trustworthiness of the members of the Fair Play Committee

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Kats Kunitsugu - Paul Tsuneishi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-17-2)
vh Kats Kunitsugu - Paul Tsuneishi Interview Segment 2 (ddr-densho-122-17-2)
The atmosphere in which individuals decided to resist the draft

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily …

Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-122-21-14)
vh Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview Segment 14 (ddr-densho-122-21-14)
Preparing to testify at the resisters' trial: disagreeing, but understanding their point of view

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not …

Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-21-15)
vh Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-21-15)
Comments to the media after the resisters' trial versus feelings many years later

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-19-15)
vh Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 15 (ddr-densho-122-19-15)
Reading and discussion of the 1990 Golden Gate resolution

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-19-6)
vh Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-19-6)
Leaving the West Coast in the 1930s, hearing about the World War II draft resisters later in life

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this …

Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-19-7)
vh Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 7 (ddr-densho-122-19-7)
Thoughts on the treatment of the draft resisters by the JACL, Japanese American community, and Nisei veterans

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection …

Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-19-8)
vh Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 8 (ddr-densho-122-19-8)
Trying to reconcile the draft resisters with the JACL

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing …

Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 18 (ddr-densho-122-19-18)
vh Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 18 (ddr-densho-122-19-18)
The effects of both the resistance movement and the World War II actions of the JACL on Japanese American identity today

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the …

Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 9 (ddr-densho-122-19-9)
vh Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 9 (ddr-densho-122-19-9)
Surprise upon learning about the resistance movement: "it was good news to me"

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life …

Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 16 (ddr-densho-122-19-16)
vh Clifford Uyeda Interview Segment 16 (ddr-densho-122-19-16)
Desire for the JACL to admit its past wrongs during World War II, and apologize for the way some of its members treated the draft resisters

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration …

Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-9-6)
vh Dave Kawamoto Interview Segment 6 (ddr-densho-122-9-6)
Discussion of what made the Heart Mountain resistance different from other camps

This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, …

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