Segregation and Tule Lake

In July 1943, Tule Lake concentration camp was designated as a segregation center for those the camp authorities considered "disloyal" as a result of their answers on the mandatory "loyalty questionnaire." In September 1943, "loyal" Japanese Americans from Tule Lake began departing for other camps and "disloyal" Japanese Americans from other camps started arriving at Tule Lake. The number of guards increased from a few hundred to 930 and an eight-foot high double fence was erected. The camp's capacity was 15,000 but the peak population reached 18,789 as 6,249 original "loyal" Japaense Americans chose to stay rather than be uprooted again.

World War II (231)
Resistance and dissidence (84)
Segregation and Tule Lake (249)

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249 items

doc Tule Camp Quiets Down When Soldiers Take Over (November 6, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-973)

The Seattle Daily Times, November 6, 1943, p. 1, 2

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-973/

doc Tule Lake Japs Will Be Curbed - Says W.R.A. Chief (November 4, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-970)

The Seattle Daily Times, November 4, 1943, p. 9

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-970/

doc W.R.A. Probed Jap Riot, But Punished None -- Myer Testifies (December 7, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-994)

The Seattle Daily Times, December 7, 1943, p. 9

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-994/

doc Army To Give Up Tule Lake Control (January 12, 1944) (ddr-densho-56-1010)

The Seattle Daily Times, January 12, 1944, p. 3

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-1010/

doc War Fanaticism Stirs Tule Lake (November 5, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-972)

The Seattle Daily Times, November 5, 1943, p. 14

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-972/

doc Disloyal Japs Resisting Work (October 28, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-968)

The Seattle Daily Times, October 28, 1943, p. 10

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-968/

doc Army Tanks, Bayonets Quell Disloyal Japs at Tule Lake (November 5, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-971)

The Seattle Daily Times, November 5, 1943, p. 1, 14

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-971/

doc Japs End 'Fake' Hunger Strike (July 31, 1944) (ddr-densho-56-1058)

The Seattle Daily Times, July 31, 1944, p. 5

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-1058/

doc F.B.I. to Begin Tule Lake Probe (November 11, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-980)

The Seattle Daily Times, November 11, 1943, p. 3

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-980/

doc Violence is Feared if Japs Return Now (December 13, 1943) (ddr-densho-56-997)

The Seattle Daily Times, December 13, 1943, p. 2

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-56-997/

doc Letter from residents to Ramond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, February 18, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-10)

Letter from residents requesting the release of two incarerees: Wataru Obara, and Hiroichi Shimamura, detained in the army stockades at Tule Lake Camp. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0010

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-10/

[Minutes of the regular meeting of the advisory council and the Co-ordinating Committee of the Tule Lake Center, February 25, 1944] (ddr-csujad-2-28)

doc [Minutes of the regular meeting of the advisory council and the Co-ordinating Committee of the Tule Lake Center, February 25, 1944] (ddr-csujad-2-28)

Meeting minutes of incarceree-led Tule Lake Camp government. Includes discussion of release of prisoners from army stockades, especially who to target for releasing, and lack of employment. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0028

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-28/

doc Letter from Takiko Kozuma to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, February 17, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-11)

Letter from Takiko Kozuma to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, requesting the release of her husband, Masaichi Kozuma, from the army stockades at Tule Lake Camp. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0011

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-11/

doc Letter from incarcerees to Frank Hagan regarding employment, November 12, 1943 (ddr-csujad-2-15)

Letter from incarerees requesting Tule Lake administration cut off employment from couples to make employment accessible for large families who have more expenses. Somewhat dire and threatening tone to letter. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0015

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-15/

doc [Call troops in new outbreak], newspaper article on Tule Lake protests, November 5, 1943 (ddr-csujad-2-37)

Newspaper article about protests at Tule Lake Camp in November, 1943 which led to martial law being in place for three months. Describes thousands of incarcerees protesting and the US army sent in for assistance. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0037

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-37/

doc Letter from residents of Block 30 to Ramond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, February 24, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-6)

Letter from residents of Block 30 to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, requesting the release of Hiroyoshi Tsuda from the army stockades at Tule Lake Camp. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0006

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-6/

doc [Internal security case report: disorderly conduct] (ddr-csujad-2-44)

Internal report describes Internal Security Officer Fenton Mahrt finding Masato Morinaga in a very intoxicated condition at the personnel garage. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0044

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-44/

doc [Minutes of the meeting of the Co-ordinating Committee and the Project Director and Colonel Austin, January 10, 1944] (ddr-csujad-2-32)

Meeting minutes between incarceree-led Tule Lake Camp government and Camp Director Raymond Best and Commander of Military Police Colonel Verne Austin. Discusses farm worker unrest and release of prisoners from army stockades. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0032

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-32/

Letter from residents of Block 9 to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp and Colonel Verne Austin, Commander of Military Police, February 14, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-7)

doc Letter from residents of Block 9 to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp and Colonel Verne Austin, Commander of Military Police, February 14, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-7)

Letter from residents of Block 9 to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp and Colonel Verne Austin, Commander of Military Police requesting the release of four incarerees detained in the army stockades at Tule Lake Camp: Dentaro Tani, Heizaburo Nakada, Goichi Ishimaru, and Toshiaki Oku. Signed names: Tani, Dentaro; Nakada, Heizaburo; Ishimaru, Goichi; Oku, Toshiaki; …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-7/

doc Letter from Evacuee Police to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, February 1, 1944 (ddr-csujad-2-13)

Letter from Evacuee Police Force to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, requesting the release of Hiroyoshi Tsuda from the army stockades at Tule Lake Camp. Signed names: Kataoka, H.; Okusako, Thomas; Ogata, Roy K.; Miyamoto, H.; Tanaka, K.; Haruyama, N.; Yoshida, Maeko; Hanagata, Ken; Ayabe, Toshi S.; Ono, I; Kanno, Thomas K.; Sato, R.; …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-13/

doc Letter from Michi Weglyn to Frank Chin, May 31, 1993 (ddr-csujad-24-94)

A letter from Michi Weglyn to Frank Chin. Also included is a letter to Weglyn and a letter written by Eji Suyama to Pacific Citizen about Japanese American draft resisters during World War II. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: chi_07_011

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-24-94/

img Atsushi Art Ishida and Hisako Yatabe leaving for the Tule Lake camp (ddr-csujad-38-109)

Photographed is Atsushi Art Ishida, wearing leis posing with Hisako Yatabe. It is taken in the Jerome incarceration camp in Arkansas when he is leaving for the Tule Lake segregation camp. The attached note reads: Off to Tule Lake, Art Ishida friend. A photo from "George Naohara photo album" (csudh_nao_0001), page 25. See this object in …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-109/

img Covered truck leaving Jerome camp for Tule Lake camp (ddr-csujad-38-86)

Photographed are a covered truck and incarcerees presumably in the Jerome incarceration camp in Arkansas. It was probably taken when the volunteers were leaving for the Tule Lake camp in California. A photo from "George Naohara photo album" (csudh_nao_0001), page 21. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_01_21_001

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-86/

img Volunteers leaving from Jerome camp to Tule Lake camp (ddr-csujad-38-297)

Photographed are incarcerees seeing off the volunteers moving from the Jerome camp in Arkansas, to the Tule Lake Segregation Center in California. The caption reads: From Jerome Relocation Camp, volunteers to Tule Lake were transported by truck and later by train. A photo from: Mitzi Naohara photo album (csudh_nao_0200), page 18. See this object in the …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-297/

img Volunteers leaving from Jerome camp to Tule Lake camp (ddr-csujad-38-298)

Photographed are the volunteers on the train, moving from the Jerome camp in Arkansas to the Tule Lake camp in California, and incarcerees seeing off the volunteers. The caption reads: From Jerome Relocation Camp, volunteers to Tule Lake were transported by truck and later by train. A photo from: Mitzi Naohara photo album (csudh_nao_0200), page 18. …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-298/