Agriculture

Many Issei (first-generation Japanese immigrants) began as sharecroppers. Others sought to buy land, but the Issei had to overcome obstacles preventing them from competing with white farmers. California and other states passed alien land laws prohibiting Asian immigrants from purchasing or leasing agricultural land. There were ways around the discriminatory laws: an Issei father could put the property in the name of his American-born child, or issei could form corporations in which a majority of the shareholders were American citizens. Despite the alien land laws, Issei farmers played a significant role in West Coast agriculture. In the years just prior to World War II, Japanese American families grew 35 percent of the produce in California. By the 1920s, Japanese Americans supplied 75 percent of the produce and half the milk to the Puget Sound region.

Industry and employment (481)
Agriculture (769)

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769 items

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 59, Vol. 18 (October 30, 1964) (ddr-pc-36-44)

Selected article titles: "Nisei Favoring Prop. 14 Are 'Misguided" Says Enomoto" (p.1), "8,000 Aliens Who Served in U.S. Armed Forces May Be Naturalized" (p.1), "Sen. Kuchel Urges Californians Not to Dignify Bias" (p.1), "Local School Boards Still Retain Power to District Zones, Supreme Court Decides" (p.1), "Soil Conservation Supervisors Hail Nisei Farmer for 'Pay as You …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-36-44/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 58, Vol. 9 (February 28, 1964) (ddr-pc-36-9)

Selected article titles: "Rumford Act Repeal Measure Found Qualified" (p.1), "Sen. Kuchel Honored by JACL; Predicts Civil Rights Bill Win" (p.1), "Gov. Brown Pledges Support to Seek Needed Farm Help" (p.1), "PSWDC Major Medical Insurance Program to Be Launced when Brochure Printed" (p.1), "Civil Rights Act" (p.2), "Nisei Pastor of Negro Church Cited" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-36-9/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 58, Vol. 8 (February 21, 1964) (ddr-pc-36-8)

Selected article titles: "Growers Council to Recruit Domestic Hands for Bracero" (p.1); "Federal Aid in Housing Periled by Initiative" (p.1), "Tacoma Voters Reject Housing Ordinance" (p.1), "Cortez JACL Planning Community Center" (p.1), "Civil Rights Act" (p.2), "City Hall Approves Li'l Tokio Rebuilding" (p.3), "Once a North Dakota Homesteader, Kitagawa Now a Spry 88" (p.4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-36-8/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 6 (February 5, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-6)

Selected article titles: "Immigration Amendments Due Early Committee Study" (p.1-2), "Utah Legislature for Validating Mixed Marriages before Repeal" (p.1), "Snake River Valley Issei-Nisei Lauded" (p.1), "Santa Maria Issei Popularizes Salads with Extensive Lettuce, Celery Farming" (p.1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-6/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 15 (April 9, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-15)

Selected article titles: "Brown Supports Braoder Voter Rights Measures" (p.1), Evacuation Would Be Invalid under Present Court: Kido" (p.1), "U.S. Growers Must Compete for Domestic Workers, Says Wirtz" (p.1), "History Project: Boom and Bust of Berry Growers" (p.1-2), "What's Wrong with Anti-Poverty Program-House Task Force to Seek Answers" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-15/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 22 (May 28, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-22)

Selected article titles: "History Project: Nisei Homesteads near Heart Mountain" (p.1), "Calif. FEPC Budget Slashed, Housing Program in Danger" (p.1), "Author Michener says 'Hawaii Way Ahead' in Civil Rights Fight, Might Return to Isles" (p.1), "Immigration Bill Timetable" (p.2), "Utah Opens Own Rights Commission" (p.3), "'Myakawa Rd.' in Houston Linked to Ill-Fated Rice-Growing PRoject Originator in …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-22/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 61, No. 22 (November 26, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-48)

Selected article titles: "Rights Commission Calls for New Laws, Better Enforcement" (p.1, 4), "Integration Speed-Up Urged at Planning Session on Civil Rights" (p.1-2), "Signing of New Immigration Bill Still no Help to Canadian Nisei of St. Louis" (p.1), "Old Virtues Fall into Disuse" (p.2), "Issei Came when Water Was Plentiful, Nisei Today Face Water Shortage but …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-48/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 12 (March 19, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-12)

Selected article titles: "Washington State Legislators Order Land Law Repeal for '66" (p.1), "Non-Japanese Who Contributed to Nisei Community Due Awards" (p.1), "California Seeks 5,100 Mexican Farm Workers" (p.1, 3), "Shame of Selma" (p.2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-12/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 8 (February 19, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-8)

Selected article titles: "No Racial Bias in Listing Real Property Asked" (p.1), "Nisei Growers Ask Contracts with 'Tanno' by Completed" (p.1), "History Project Commended by Sheriff for Bolstering Racial Pride and Family Ties" (p.1), "Federal Judges Decline to Rule on Virginia Anti-Miscegenation Case" (p.1-2), "Sen. Kuchel Criticizes Continuation of National Origins Limit on Immigration, Calls for …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-8/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 10 (March 5, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-10)

Selected article titles: "1st Civil Rights Bill Passed in State of Utah" (p.1), "Home-Owners near Farm Labor Camp Protest Skid-Row Recruits" (p.1), "Wyoming Governor Signs Act Repealing Miscegenation Law" (p.1), "Immigration Testimony" (p.2), "First California Gray Whale Captured Alive for Sea World by Nisei Commercial Whaler, Considered Top U.S. Sharpshooter" (p.3), "Hawaii's Reapportionment Task Toughened by …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-10/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 11 (March 12, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-11)

Selected article titles: "Orange County Japanese Become Millionaires as Land Value Rise, but Hard Times Strike Growers in Imperial Valley-JHP Learns" (p.1-2), "Documents for History Project Gain in Volume" (p.1-2), "Ventura County Lemon Growers Authorized Limited 'Tanno' Use" (p.1-2), "100th, 442nd Designations to Be Retained" (p.3), "San Francisco Japanese Cultural, Trade Center Groundbreaking Rites Set Mar. …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-11/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 25 (June 18, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-25)

Selected article titles: "History Project: Issei Railroaders in the Rockies" (p.1), "Tanno Laborers May Be Sent Home in Two Weeks: Wirtz" (p.1), "JACL Youth Survey among Chapters On" (p.1), "Supreme Court Decisions" (p.2), "Accent on Youth" (p.2), "Low Voter Registration in Hawaii May Bring in U.S. Registrars" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-25/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 5 (January 29, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-5)

Selected article titles: "Wyoming Legislature Repeals Anti-Miscegenation Statute" (p.1-2), "Virginia Anti-Miscegenation Law Argued before Special U.S. Court" (p.1-2), "700 Supplemental Farm Workers Placed on 'Stand-By' in California" (p.1), "Alien Land Law Campaign in 1966 Sighted" (p.2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-5/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 61, No. 6 (August 6, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-32)

Selected article titles: "Apartments Outside Minority Section Won't Rent to Nisei" (p.1), "Future of Youth Is in Our Own Making: Y. Wada" (p.1, 4), "Official U.S. Supreme Court Includes Section of Japanese Americans" (p.1, 5), "U.S. and Vietnam" (p.2), "Union Leader Asks Some 700 Tanno Be Returned to Japan"(p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-32/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 18 (April 30, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-18)

Selected article titles: "Wirtz Approves Use of Foreign Farm Workers" (p.1, 3), "Inouye Sponsors Bill Dealing with Migratory Labor" (p.1), "History Project: Issei Developed Famous Utah Celery" (p.2), "Nisei Criticizes President's New Farm Bill" (p.3), "Project to House Migrant Farm Laborers under Anti-Poverty Program Stalled" (p.3), "Vice President Humphrey Urges Labor to Assist Minority Citizens to …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-18/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 2 (January 8, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-2)

Selected article titles: "Prop. 14 Upheld in First Test at Orange County" (p.1), "President Johnson Outlines His Thoughts of Great Society" (p.1-2), "California Braceros No More-Growers Uncertain about Future" (p.1), "San Francisco Main Port for Issei Emigres" (p.3), "Preparation Needed to Cope with Japanese Visitors to Hawaii" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-2/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 3 (January 15, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-3)

Selected article titles: "Another Angle Proposed to Eliminate Alien Land Law" (p.1), "Texas Issei Pioneers in Farming Had Little Thought of 'Hiki-Age'" (p.1-2, 4), "Japanese Supplemental Farm Workers Program in California Jeopardized by Latest U.S. Labor Dept. Rule to Remove Braceros" (p.1), "Los Angeles Area Oriental Groups Form Council" (p.3-4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-3/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 60, No. 9 (February 26, 1965) (ddr-pc-37-9)

Selected article titles: "History Project Drafting Plans of Nisei Survey" (p.1), "JACL to Seek Help for 'Tanno' on Humanitarian Principle" (p.1), "Prop. 14-type Threat Cited as Colorado Houses [sic] Passes Stronger Fair Housing Bill" (p.1), "In Memoriam: Larry Tajiri" (p.2), "History Project Uncovers 'Depressed Area' among Japanese Pear Orchardists in Placer County; Okei Grave Beautification Urged" …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-37-9/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 54, No. 22 (June 1, 1962) (ddr-pc-34-22)

Selected article titles: "Congressional Help Being Considered for Evacuee Tax Probe" (p.1), "'Varsity Victory Volunteers' Remembered as U. of Hawaii's Contribution to War Effort" (p.1), "California-Trained Farmers Make Good" (p.2), "Juvenile Delinquency Costs U.S. Taxpayers $4,000 a Year to Keep Youngster in State School-Twice Tuition to First-Rate Prep School" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-34-22/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 54, No. 11 (March 16, 1962) (ddr-pc-34-11)

Selected article titles: "Wing Luke Elected to Seattle Council" (p.1), "Congressional Boxscore" (p.1), "Oregon Orchardists Give Nisei Most Votes for Top Office" (p.1), "President Kennedy Urged to Restore Vested Property to Free Holdings Oversea" (p.2), "Congressional Record Publicizes Story of Konishi Family of Platteville, Colo., and His 'Company' of 13 Children" (p.3).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-34-11/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 58, No. 16 (October 18, 1963) (ddr-pc-35-42)

Selected article titles: "U.S. Population Data on Japanese Revealed" (p. 1), "Japan's Postwar Constitution Hailed as 'Highly Workable' by Nisei Scholar" (pp. 1-2), "Hayasaka Keeps Busy Explaining Seattle Open-Housing Ordinance" (pp. 1-2), and "Task of Introducing Sugar Cane in Persian Area Described as Similar to Imperial Valley Falls upon Shoulder of Nisei" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-35-42/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 50, No. 19 (May 6, 1960) (ddr-pc-32-19)

Select article titles: "Farm Co-Op Manager Nominated for 'Nisei of Biennium' Award" (p.1); "Law Enforcement groups balk at Cal. FEP's suggested guide to prehiring questions" (p.1)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-32-19/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 54, No. 21 (May 25, 1962) (ddr-pc-34-21)

Selected article titles: "Chuman Admonishes PSW Chapters" (p.1, 4), "Nisei Organized Firm Quoted Daily on Over Counter List" (p.1), "Housing Bias Report on Berkeley Due" (p.1), "Dr. Ogura Develops Substitute Larynx for Dog in Step to Aid Throat Cancer Victims" (p.2), "College Essay on Resettlement Patterns of Evacuees Wins Top Michigan Award" (p.2), "California Farmers Threatened …

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-34-21/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 85, No. 22 (November 25, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-46)

Selected article titles: "Dr. Tom Yatabe, 80: 'Granddaddy of JACL" (p.1, 3), "NC-WNDC Reparation Survey: Only 5% Opposition" (p.1), "Cathy: Help for the Homeless" (p.1-2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-46/

doc Pacific Citizen, Vol. 84, No. 13 (April 8, 1977) (ddr-pc-49-13)

Selected article titles: "1400 Nikkei Turnout for Hayakawa" (p.1), "East Coast Nikkei Less Inclined for Individual Reparation Pay" (p.1), "The Great Drought of '77" (p.3), "The Intermarriage Question" (p.5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-49-13/