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119 items
Memorandum for the Solicitor General, Re: Japanese Brief (ddr-densho-67-68)
doc Memorandum for the Solicitor General, Re: Japanese Brief (ddr-densho-67-68)
Memo to the Solicitor General from Edward J. Ennis about an article written by Lt. Com. K. D. Ringle. Pg. 1: Ennis summarizes the article, which states that the Japanese are loyal, thus internment should have been on an individual basis. Pg. 2: Ringle's views are shared by the Navy, who thinks that evacuation was handled …
Memo:
doc Memo: "Evacuation of Japanese from Hawaii" (ddr-densho-67-48)
Memo from John McCloy to General Eisenhower giving reasons against incarcerating Hawaiian Japanese: lack of materials and shipping, labor shortage that would ensue, and possible tensions between mainland and Hawaiian Japanese. McCloy also worries about the legalities of evacuating Hawaiian Japanese. Suggests that General Emmons should be in charge of evacuating a select number of "enemy …
Letter by John L. DeWitt:
doc Letter by John L. DeWitt: "Separation of Kibei from Nisei" (ddr-densho-67-24)
Letter written by John L. DeWitt, Lieutenant General, U.S. Army, to Chief of Staff, U.S. Army. DeWitt's conclusions: co-mingling of Kibei with Nisei is dangerous, and Kibei are a threat to national security. Recommends that the War Department institute a policy which would separate the Kibei from the Nisei, forfeit the U.S. citizenship of the Kibei, …
Series of memos regarding the Japanese in Hawaii (ddr-densho-67-65)
doc Series of memos regarding the Japanese in Hawaii (ddr-densho-67-65)
Series of memos regarding the Japanese in Hawaii. Memo 1: from Frank Knox to President Roosevelt. He suggests that proper action against the Japanese in Hawaii is not being taken and urges the President to look into the matter. Memo 2: Henry Stimson to President Roosevelt. Assures the President that the situation is under control -- …
Interview with Edward Ennis (ddr-densho-67-97)
doc Interview with Edward Ennis (ddr-densho-67-97)
Interview with Edward Ennis, U.S. Department of Justice attorney. Ennis recalls his feelings about evacuation, internment and reparations. He also describes the roles and opinions of President Roosevelt, J. Edgar Hoover, General DeWitt, Attorney General Francis Biddle and others.
Memo from John Burling to Philip Glick (ddr-densho-67-116)
doc Memo from John Burling to Philip Glick (ddr-densho-67-116)
Memo from John Burling to Philip Glick on a WRA memo called "validity of detention." Burling critiques the WRA memo -- written in connection to the Korematsu brief -- because of its reliance on DeWitt's Final Report. States that it is also based on heresay and rumors that were never proved to be true, such as …
Memorandum from J. Edgar Hoover to Francis M. Shea, Assistant Attorney General (ddr-densho-67-20)
doc Memorandum from J. Edgar Hoover to Francis M. Shea, Assistant Attorney General (ddr-densho-67-20)
Memorandum from J. Edgar Hoover to Francis M. Shea, Assistant Attorney General regarding "alien enemies" and internal security. Hoover states his belief that there should be an identification and registration process for all "alien enemies" in the U.S. He recommends that there should be an authority permitted to apprehend citizens and aliens under suspicion. States that …
Transcript of conversation between Col. Bendetsen and Lt. Hall (ddr-densho-67-49)
doc Transcript of conversation between Col. Bendetsen and Lt. Hall (ddr-densho-67-49)
Conversation between Col. Bendetsen and Lt. Hall on General Emmons and his powers regarding evacuation to the mainland. They discuss how Emmons does not wish to evacuate more than 3,000 Japanese. References to his relationship to the Hawaiian economy are made. They also discuss legal technicalities of Hawaiian evacuation - what powers General Emmons possesses and …
Memo to John J. McCloy from Dwight Eisenhower (ddr-densho-67-67)
doc Memo to John J. McCloy from Dwight Eisenhower (ddr-densho-67-67)
Memo to John J. McCloy from Dwight Eisenhower on Hawaiian-Japanese evacuation plans. States that evacuation and detention "in a concentration camp" has been approved, including "enemy aliens" and U.S. citizens.
Memo from Delos Emmons to John J. McCloy (ddr-densho-67-45)
doc Memo from Delos Emmons to John J. McCloy (ddr-densho-67-45)
Memorandum from Delos Emmons, Lieutenant General, U.S. Army, to John J. McCloy, Assistant Secretary of War, regarding a previous report on the Japanese in Hawaii. In this memo, Emmons refutes much of the information in the report. He dispels many of the rumors about the Hawaiian Japanese and admonishes the author of the report for being …
Two messages to General Emmons from John McCloy (ddr-densho-67-52)
doc Two messages to General Emmons from John McCloy (ddr-densho-67-52)
Two messages to General Emmons from John McCloy requesting information on the 400 evacuated Japanese. Very concerned with whether Hawaiian Japanese should be isolated or permitted contact with mainland Japanese. Indicates a belief that Hawaiian Japanese will infect mainland Japanese. McCloy also asks Emmons if he can stop evacuation without compromising security. Evacuated Japanese prove to …
Letter to General DeWitt from Gov. E. P. Carville about Japanese evacuation (ddr-densho-67-72)
doc Letter to General DeWitt from Gov. E. P. Carville about Japanese evacuation (ddr-densho-67-72)
Letter to General DeWitt from Gov. E. P. Carville about Japanese evacuation. Gov. Carville is concerned that the "enemy aliens" would be let loose in his state. He would allow Japanese in his state only if they were put in "concentration camps."
Letter by John L. DeWitt:
doc Letter by John L. DeWitt: "Separation of Kibei from Nisei" (ddr-densho-67-26)
Letter written by John. L. DeWitt, Lieutenant General U.S. Army, to Chief of Staff, U.S. Army. Recommends the segregation of Kibei and Issei from Nisei, and steps taken toward the eventual repatriation of some of the Kibei and Issei.
Memo from Franklin D. Roosevelt to the Secretary of War (ddr-densho-67-13)
doc Memo from Franklin D. Roosevelt to the Secretary of War (ddr-densho-67-13)
Memo regarding the encouraging of Americanization in the Army. FDR states separate, race-based battalions or units should be formed on a case-by-case basis, and limited to cases where political advantages are to be gained.
Memo from Lt. Hall to John McCloy (ddr-densho-67-53)
doc Memo from Lt. Hall to John McCloy (ddr-densho-67-53)
Memo from Lt. Hall to John McCloy on possible consequences of evacuating and repatriating Hawaiian Japanese. Namely that they will either come into contact with enemy spies on the mainland or they will go back to Japan with crucial information. Suggests waiting four months before evacuating and repatriating and after that confining them to "concentration camps." …
Letter to Governor Herbert Lehman from President Roosevelt (ddr-densho-67-95)
doc Letter to Governor Herbert Lehman from President Roosevelt (ddr-densho-67-95)
Letter to New York Governor Herbert Lehman from President Roosevelt on Italians and Germans in the U.S. In response to a letter from Lehman, Roosevelt assures him that there will be no evacuation of German or Italian aliens/Americans.
Memo regarding DeWitt's Final Report (ddr-densho-67-114)
doc Memo regarding DeWitt's Final Report (ddr-densho-67-114)
Memo from Edward Ennis to Paul Freund on DeWitt's Final Report. Ennis does not want the government to use the report to justify internment because of all the false statements in it.
Letter by John L. DeWitt:
doc Letter by John L. DeWitt: "Separation of Kibei from Nisei" (ddr-densho-67-28)
Letter written by J.L. DeWitt, Lieutenant General, U.S. Army, to the Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army. Urges segregation of the Kibei and Issei from the Nisei in the concentration camps, citing deteriorating morale in the camps and influence of "disloyal" sentiment.
Letter from Commander John Ford to Frank Knox about the Japanese in Hawaii (ddr-densho-67-47)
doc Letter from Commander John Ford to Frank Knox about the Japanese in Hawaii (ddr-densho-67-47)
Letter from Commander John Ford to Frank Knox about the Japanese in Hawaii. He warns about the infiltration of "disloyals" and stresses the failure of the FBI and military in controlling the situation. Also mentions the Big Five's dependence on skilled Japanese labor. Knox forwards this to President Roosevelt urging him to consider evacuating all Japanese …
Memo from Dillon Myer to Secretary of War Henry Stimson (ddr-densho-67-78)
doc Memo from Dillon Myer to Secretary of War Henry Stimson (ddr-densho-67-78)
Memo from Dillon Myer to Secretary of War Henry Stimson regarding DeWitt's Final Report. Myer summarizes DeWitt's reoprt, focusing on his justifications of military necessity: illicit communications and ship-to-shore signaling. Quotes parts of DeWitt's report where he discusses the threat of the Japanese on the West Coast. In summary, Myer suggests that the decision to evacuate …
Letter titled:
doc Letter titled: "General Sabotage" (ddr-densho-67-37)
Letter from James Hughes, Captain, M.I.D. Intelligence Officer. States that an informant of Japanese ancestry gave information that there would be a signal given for a general wave of sabotage participated in by Germans, Italians, and Japanese.
Memo to Mr. M.H. McIntyre from M.S. Eisenhower (ddr-densho-67-70)
doc Memo to Mr. M.H. McIntyre from M.S. Eisenhower (ddr-densho-67-70)
Memo to Mr. M.H. McIntyre from M.S. Eisenhower about letters protesting evacuation. States that the President is receiving many notices from liberal groups questioning the legality of evacuation.
Letter from Col. William Scobey to Dillon Myer (ddr-densho-67-56)
doc Letter from Col. William Scobey to Dillon Myer (ddr-densho-67-56)
Letter from Col. William Scobey to Dillon Myer regarding Gen. Emmons' response to halting evacuation of Hawaiian Japanese to the mainland. Emmons agreed to suspend evacuation except for those who "would be considered safe" in the mainland. Emmons also states that the response to the all-nisei team was favorable and projects 10,000 nisei volunteers. He suggests …
Memo to Col. Karl Bendetsen from David J. McFadden (ddr-densho-67-61)
doc Memo to Col. Karl Bendetsen from David J. McFadden (ddr-densho-67-61)
Memo to Col. Karl Bendetsen from David J. McFadden on the existing Hawaiian-Japanese evacuation program. Suggests not evacuating Japanese for a number of reasons: evacuation would "cripple" the Hawaiian economy, lack of resources, etc. Suggests small-scale evacuation for people matching certain criteria -- this would be a "token evacuation" to satisfy those who strongly advocated for …
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