Naturalization

Unlike other immigrants to the United States, Japanese and other Asians were not permitted to become naturalized American citizens until 1952. Under existing laws, naturalization was limited to "free white persons and to aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent." Despite many attempts by Japanese immigrants (Issei) to gain citizenship, they were usually rejected on the grounds that the Issei were neither white nor black. The 1922 Supreme Court case Ozawa v. U.S. cemented the status of the issei as "aliens ineligible to citizenship" once and for all. It wasn't until 1952 with the passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act that Issei were finally allowed to become naturalized U.S. citizens.

Immigration and citizenship (431)
Naturalization (180)

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180 items

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 59 (July 23, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-226)

"This is Mike Masaoka's Testimony at Senate Hearings on ENI Bill" (p. 1), "B.C. Evacuation Will be Aired" (p. 1)

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-226/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 5 No. 4 (January 13, 1951) (ddr-densho-229-265)

"Slight Changes in Alien Stay Rulings Cited" (p. 1), "West Coast Evacuees Can't be Paid for Certain Expenses, Justice Rules" (p. 1), "Bills to Aid Asian Kin of GI's Studied" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-265/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 15 (February 19, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-182)

"House Judiciary Body Urged To End All Racial Bars in Soldier Brides' Act Riders" (p. 1), "ENI Measure's Chief Objective to Enable Asiatics to Come to U.S., Rep. Walters Declares" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-182/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 62 (August 3, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-229)

"Local JACL to Aid Claimants" (p. 1), "Inequality in Naturalization Laws Pointed Out by Senator Magnuson" (p. 1), "Claims Office for Seattle Indefinite Yet" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-229/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 2 No. 37 (April 28, 1948) (ddr-densho-229-105)

"Acheson, Wirin Challenge Validity of Wartime Rider to Calif. Measure Denying Japanese Fishing License" (p. 1), "B.C. Regime to Lift Job Ban but No Franchise Reported Yet" (p. 1), "Gen. Clark and McCloy Endorse Judd's Naturalization Measure" (p. 5), "State Department Opens Way for Boom in Asia" (p. 5).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-105/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 4 No. 75 (September 20, 1950) (ddr-densho-229-244)

"Senate Action on President's Veto of Walter Resolution Expected Soon; Walter and Judd Lead Bill Fight" (p. 1), "Kickoff Dinner and Rally on Tuesday Will Launch Community Chest Drive in Our Area; Sing Named Colonel" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-244/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 2 No. 97 (November 24, 1948) (ddr-densho-229-158)

"Masaoka Meets Judd on Bill to Aid Issei" (p. 1), "Burial Held at Arlington for 442 Hero" (p. 1), "Rosary Will be Said for Staff Sgt. Kinoshita on Friday; Services for Pvt. Sagami Next Tuesday in Tacoma" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-158/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 2 No. 26 (March 20, 1948) (ddr-densho-229-96)

"JACL in D.C. Asks Amending of Havenner Bill to Let Aliens in War Service to Stay in U.S." (p. 1), "Equality Urged for U.S. Aliens" (p. 1), "Story of the 442nd" (p. 2),

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-96/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 4 No. 77 (September 27, 1950) (ddr-densho-229-246)

"Soldier Brides Bill Passage Places ADC in Unwanted Role of Lonely Hearts Club" (p. 1), "Claims Payments Expected Soon" (p. 1), "McCarran Ignores Veto of Walter Bill, Assures Solon of New Legislation" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-246/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 5 No. 8 (January 27, 1951) (ddr-densho-229-269)

"Two Measures Go to House; Hit Race Bias" (p. 1), "Mitchell Introduces Measure Altering Naturalization Laws; Lauds War Record of Nisei, Issei" (p. 1), "Evacuee Claim OK'd Under Act" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-269/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 4 No. 74 (September 16, 1950) (ddr-densho-229-243)

"House Action on Walter Resolution is Predicted by Author of Bill" (p. 1), "Overseas Agency Tells Latest Rulings on Shipping Gift Parcels to Japan" (p. 1), "Buddy System Helps Fifth Combat Team in Solving Danger of Identity Error" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-243/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 1 No. 64 (September 9, 1947) (ddr-densho-229-52)

""Mac' Told to K.O. Japan's War-Making Industries; Allied Council Chairman Attacks Soviet Obstruction" (p. 1), "Nisei Demand End of Japan Nationality" (p. 1), "GI-Japanese Bride Reports Help Naturalization Push" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-52/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 4 No. 66 (August 16, 1950) (ddr-densho-229-235)

"Walter Gets Bid to Join JACL Confab" (p. 1), "International Carnival" (p. 1), "President Inks More Measures" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-235/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 4 No. 92 (November 18, 1950) (ddr-densho-229-254)

"Hearings Set on Masaoka, Fujii Cases" (p. 1), "Soldier Brides Act Deadline Feb. 18, 1951" (p. 1) "U.S. Assures Aid to Needy Issei" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-254/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 54 (July 6, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-221)

"Demo Chief Vows to Help JACL-ADC on ENI Legislation" (p. 1), "T-4 Sawada Services to be Held This Saturday at Presbyterian" (p. 1), "Action on ENI Bill Seen" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-221/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 36 (May 4, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-203)

"Religious, Civic Leaders Back Judd's Legislation, JACL Midwest Worker Says" (p. 1), "Evacuation Claims Queries, Replies" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-203/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 4 No. 67 (August 19, 1950) (ddr-densho-229-236)

"Technical Move Stalls Action on Walter Bill" (p. 1), "House Version of Soldier Brides Act is Sent to President for Signature" (p. 1), "Japan Extends Farming Land Disposal Date" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-236/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 27 (April 2, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-194)

"Oregon's Top Court Rules Alien Land Laws Against Japanese Unconstitutional" (p. 1), "Tourist Trade Aids Economy of Japanese" (p. 1), "NCNC Unit Eyes ENI Passage" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-194/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 5 No. 3 (January 10, 1951) (ddr-densho-229-264)

"3 Legislations Introduced to Congress : ADC" (p. 1), "Congress Gets Two Measures" (p. 1), "A New Year and an Unpleasant Korean War Faced by the Japanese" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-264/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 1 No. 86 (November 21, 1947) (ddr-densho-229-73)

"80th Congress to Consider Naturalization Measure. Celler Bill to Open U.S. Citizenship to Alien Japanese" (p. 1), "Masaoka Returns to Wash. D.C. After West Tour" (p. 1), "Wreath Placed at Arlington" (p. 4).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-73/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 5 No. 7 (January 24, 1951) (ddr-densho-229-268)

"Nat'l JACL Tells Names of Chairmen" (p. 1), "McDonough Bill Similar to ENI" (p. 2).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-268/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 21 (March 12, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-188)

"Newspapers From Coast to Coast Back Judd Bill for Equality in Naturalization & Immigration" (p. 1), "Snake River JACL Doubles "48" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-188/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 1 No. 68 (September 19, 1947) (ddr-densho-229-55)

"Asks for Unity on Bainbridge in Hall Issue" (p. 1), "Canada Ends Voluntary "Repatriation' of Japanese at Government Expense" (p. 1), "Backs Americanism Body's Action" (p. 1), "LARA Reports Relief Aid to Needy Japan" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-55/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 24 (March 23, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-191)

"Delay by Senate on ENI Bill Looms; New York Post Scribe Fears Road "Very Uncertain" (p. 1), "President Inks Contraband Bill" (p. 1), "Letter to CARE from Japan" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-191/

doc The Northwest Times Vol. 3 No. 18 (March 2, 1949) (ddr-densho-229-185)

"House Passes Judd's ENI Measure" (p. 1), "A Few More Queries, Replies on Evacuation Claims Law" (p. 1), "B.C. Japanese Count Days as March 31, 1949, Nears; Federal Curbs End Then" (p. 1).

https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-229-185/