(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:59:42","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-289","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":506,"namepart":"Bruce T. Kaji"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009j78q","namepart":"Kaji, Teruo Bruce"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 28, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Bruce T. Kaji narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Kaji, Teruo Bruce 88922nr009j78q","download_large":"denshovh-kbruce-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-260","model":"entity","index":"7 3082/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-260/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-260/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-scedrick-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-scedrick-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Cedrick M. Shimo Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born October 1, 1919, in Heber, California, in the Imperial Valley. Grew up in Boyle Heights. Received draft notice one day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and joined the Military Intelligence Service. After being denied furlough to visit his mother in Manzanar concentration camp, refused to serve overseas with his unit. Was placed in the 1800 Engineering Battalion, made up of Japanese, German and Italian Americans considered \"suspect\" by the U.S. government. After World War II, became the vice president of the export division for Honda, dedicating much of his time to promoting better trade relations between the U.S. and Japan.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:06:38","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-260","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":414,"namepart":"Cedrick M. Shimo"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Torrance, California","creation":"September 22, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Cedrick M. Shimo narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-scedrick-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-16","model":"entity","index":"8 3083/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-haiko-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-haiko-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga Interview I","description":"Nisei female. Born August 5, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Washington representative and researcher for National Council for Japanese American Redress (NCJAR) and primary archival researcher for the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC), and the three coram nobis cases. Consultant to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History exhibition. \"A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution\"; and consultant for the Justice Department's Office of Redress Administration.
(This interview was conducted at the Voices of Japanese American Redress Conference, held on the UCLA campus and sponsored by the UCLA Asian American Studies Center and the UCLA School of Public Policy and Social Research. Because of the full conference schedule, our interviews were limited to one hour. The interviews therefore focused primarily on a single topic, namely, the narrator's role in the redress movement.)","extent":"00:55:52","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-16","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":18,"namepart":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Larry Hashima"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Glen Kitayama"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009rk47","namepart":"Miyazaki, Aiko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"University of CA, Los Angeles","creation":"September 11, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga narrator \nLarry Hashima interviewer \nGlen Kitayama interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Miyazaki, Aiko 88922nr009rk47","download_large":"denshovh-haiko-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-8","model":"entity","index":"9 3084/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-haiko-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-haiko-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Aiko Herzig Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born August 5, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Washington representative and researcher for National Council for Japanese American Redress (NCJAR) and primary archival researcher for Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC), the three coram nobis cases. Consultant to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History exhibition. \"A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution\"; and consultant for the Justice Department's Office of Redress Administration.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:52:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":18,"namepart":"Herzig-Yoshinaga, Aiko"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009rk47","namepart":"Miyazaki, Aiko"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"March 20, 1994","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Herzig-Yoshinaga, Aiko narrator \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Miyazaki, Aiko 88922nr009rk47","download_large":"denshovh-haiko-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-1776","model":"entity","index":"10 3085/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1776/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-1776/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1776-mezzanine-c99b761d1b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1776-mezzanine-c99b761d1b-a.jpg"},"title":"Interview with Don Oka, Steve Yagi, and Shigeo Ito, part 8 of 8; interview with Nobuo Yamashita, part 1 of 5","description":"Oka is on the left, Yagi in the center, and Ito on the right. Oka discusses his recovery from tuberculosis, entering and winning a cartoon contest, going to art school after recovery, starting to work in advertising, returning to cartooning after retirement, and serving in JICPOA, and working with white officers. Yagi discusses working in the post office. Interview starts at 0:22; tape includes several reaction shots. At 11:35, interview with Nobuo Yamashita starts. Yamashita discusses being born in LA, going to Japan as a young child, attending school in LA, his family's produce business, the start of the war, evacuation to Manzanar, laying linoleum at camp, working on sugar beet farms in Montana, and volunteering for the MIS language school. Loni Ding can be heard asking questions behind the camera. Original title: II LA #54, 7-26-85, Oka, Yagi, Ito VIII. Yamashita nterview continues at ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1777/","extent":"00:20:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-1776","creators":[{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ding, Loni"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Yamashita, Nobuo"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Oka, Don"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Yagi, Steve"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Ito, Shigeo"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Film -- Documentaries","id":"251"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts","id":"180"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave -- Temporary agricultural work leave","id":"419"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Farming","id":"345"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Oka, Don"},{"namepart":"Yagi, Steve"},{"namepart":"Ito, Shigeo"},{"namepart":"Yamashita, Nobuo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"July 26, 1985","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ding, Loni interviewer \nYamashita, Nobuo interviewee \nOka, Don interviewee \nYagi, Steve interviewee \nIto, Shigeo interviewee Oka, Don \nYagi, Steve \nIto, Shigeo \nYamashita, Nobuo","download_large":"ddr-densho-1007-1776-mezzanine-c99b761d1b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-17","model":"entity","index":"11 3086/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-17-mezzanine-41e8c42e6f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-17-mezzanine-41e8c42e6f-a.jpg"},"title":"My future plan","description":"Term Paper by Michiko Mikami for period III Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Michiko focuses on the injustices done to his family and himself in events leading up to and including the mass removal. He mentions that his father was detained by the FBI for several months with no explanation and as a result he had to fill in at his family grocery store. Due to this he had to drop out of school. He comments on the multi-cultural nature of the country, but realizes that not every race is treated equally. He ends by stating that he had many hopes for the future before the war, but now just wants to be able to take care of his parents. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9017. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0017","extent":"7 pages, 11 x 8.5 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-17","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Mikami, Michiko"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"2/24/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mikami, Michiko author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-17-mezzanine-41e8c42e6f-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-84","model":"entity","index":"12 3087/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-84/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-84/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-84-mezzanine-5a04aaa284-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-84-mezzanine-5a04aaa284-a.jpg"},"title":"Community Analysis Notes, no. 1, January 15, 1944","description":"Titled as: From a Nisei who said \"No.\" Account by an unnamed Community Analyst at Manzanar of the \"life experience and viewpoints\" influencing a young man's \"No\" response to the Army registration form's Question 28. The account stems from the analyst's notes, reproduced verbatim, from an exchange between the young man and the Hearing Board authorized to decide questions concerning segregation. The account also includes a summary from an extensive follow-up interview, in which the man discusses his family's history of working as farmers in the United States; their experience of racism; their initial desire to serve in the military and the effect of the forced removal (\"evacuation\") on their thinking; the effects of propaganda from media including the Los Angeles Examiner and the Los Angeles Times; the different expectations of Issei and Nisei regarding their prospects for treatment during the War; and the reasons for his \"No\" response to Question 28. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0084","extent":"8 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-84","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority. Community Analysis Section"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- Registration and the \"loyalty questionnaire\"","id":"85"},{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture","id":"6"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Buddhism","id":"395"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"World War II -- \"Enemy alien\" classification","id":"84"},{"term":"World War II -- Economic losses","id":"59"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")","id":"57"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"World War II -- Propaganda -- Media propaganda","id":"427"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- Community Analysis Section","id":"538"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"1/15/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority. Community Analysis Section publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-84-mezzanine-5a04aaa284-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-40-2","model":"entity","index":"13 3088/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-40-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-40-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-40/ddr-csujad-40-2-mezzanine-ab83b14182-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-40/ddr-csujad-40-2-mezzanine-ab83b14182-a.jpg"},"title":"Progress report: content","description":"The progress report contains Dave and Roy's report about the Information Field Offices at the Manzanar incarceration camp. The report is written by several authors and covers field offices, voluntary service corps, office supplies, family reunion applications, personnel, lost and found department, resident's directory, and letters for residents. Included are: Progress Report on the information service Part I and II by Dave Itami; Progress report on the information service Part III and IV by Dave Itami and Work of the information clerks - Office no. 1 by Kiyoshi Yano; Looking forward on the information service, A summary report of the voluntary service corps by Harry L. Black and Kiyoshi Yano; Report on supplies by Masao Kadomatsu; Report on family applications by Mitsuka Koba; Report on the personnel by R.M.T.; Letters written for residents by Shigeo Furuta; Report on the messengers' crew by Shigeo Furuta; and Story of our directory by R.M.T. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: roy_01_02_001","extent":"31 pages, typescript, 8.5 x 11 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-40-2","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Itami, Dave"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Yano, Kiyoshi"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Kadomatsu, Masao"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Koba, Mitsuka"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Sakai, Nobuko"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Furuta, Shigeo"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Black, Harry L"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"7/3/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Itami, Dave author \nYano, Kiyoshi author \nKadomatsu, Masao author \nKoba, Mitsuka author \nSakai, Nobuko author \nFuruta, Shigeo author \nBlack, Harry L author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-40-2-mezzanine-ab83b14182-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-9","model":"entity","index":"14 3089/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-9-mezzanine-17a410fe50-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-9-mezzanine-17a410fe50-a.jpg"},"title":"Planning for the future","description":"Term paper by Mitsuko Mitsui for Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Mitsuko is very aware of the discussions of whether to return to Japan or stay in America and plans for what \"girls\" should be doing with their lives. Mitsuko wants to remain in America. She expresses a wish to never go to Japan. She wanted to have adventures and worry about settling down further in the future. Mitsuko describes a need to get out to prove herself on her own but didn't know what to do if the war continued as she really disliked camp. Mitsuko shows determination to \"look on the bright side.\" If things were normal, she would have finished her major and maybe be working in a sewing factory. She believed strongly in continuing to have fun and not getting too engrossed in work. She wanted to find happiness not a career necessarily. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9009. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0009","extent":"6 pages, 11 x 8.5 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-9","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Mitsui, Mitsuko"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mitsui, Mitsuko author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-9-mezzanine-17a410fe50-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-3","model":"entity","index":"15 3090/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-3-mezzanine-7e259ced72-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-3-mezzanine-7e259ced72-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 21 No. 22","description":"Selected article titles: \"Six Nisei GIs Killed, 16 Hurt in Plane Crash\" (p. 1), \"Trailer Homes for Returning Evacuees\" (p. 1), \"Attorney Wirin Not Connected With Tule Lake Cases\" (p. 1), \"Outrigger Club Officials Will Continue Anti-Oriental Policy\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Soldiers Lead Armistice Parade In Italy\" (p. 1), \"Two Counties Bar Aid to Evacuee Group\" (p. 1), \"Pauley Indicates Reparations Commission Has No Interest In Properties of Loyal Aliens\" (p. 2), \"Four Nisei Veterans Declare Atomic Bombing was Justified\" (p. 2), \"Pearl Harbor Canards: Reporter Unable to Discover Evidence of Any Nisei Part In Japanese Raid on Hawaii\" (p. 2), \"Gen. MacArthur Will Accept Repatriates from U.S, Says Justice Department Official\" (p. 2), \"First Tule Lake Group Deported On Transport\" (p. 2), \"Nisei Veterans Initiated into VFW\" (p. 2), \"Nisei Defends Self in Draft Violation Trial\" (p. 2), \"JACL Committee to Combat Seizures of Nisei-Owned Land\" (p. 3), \"Poston Relocation Center Closes Before Deadline\" (p. 3), \"Manzanar Center Closed by WRA Before Deadline\" (p. 3), \"Report West Coast Reaction \"Mixed\"on Citizenship Plea\" (p. 3), \"Navy Restrictions on Nisei Lifted in Hawaii Area\" (p. 6), \"Urge Canadian Nisei to Fight Deportation\" (p. 8).","extent":"1415W x 2074H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-3","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"1-Dec-45","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-3-mezzanine-7e259ced72-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-372-3","model":"entity","index":"16 3091/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-372-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-372-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-372/ddr-densho-372-3-mezzanine-87267e3354-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-372/ddr-densho-372-3-mezzanine-87267e3354-a.jpg"},"title":"American Concentration Camps VOLUME 3 February 20, 1942- March 31, 1942","description":"Volume 3 divides into 4 sections. Description about this volume reads directly from the book as follows: Section 1 contains archival documents from February 20, 1942 to March 19, 1942 regarding the basic decision of how to remove more than 100,000 human beings which was delegated to General De Witt and his staff. Section 2 contains the Congressional Record from March 19, 1942 which contain the entire congressional debate over the status which made it a federal crime for a civilian in an area that was not under martial law to fail to obey the instructions of a commanding general and his deputies. Section 3 contains the Preliminary Report and Recommendations report dated March 19, 1942 that endorsed what the military wanted to do and was doing and had it been otherwise, congressional approval might not have been so routine. Section 4 contains archival documents, dated March 20, 1942 to March 31, 1942, that shows the policy of forced removal put into effect; in this period the first of General De Witt's Civilian Exclusion Orders (printed in volume 1) was issued affecting the Bainbridge Islanders of Puget Sound, and the first Relocation Center was opened at Manzanar, California.","extent":"1 book: 8.75W x 11.25H","links_children":"ddr-densho-372-3","creators":[{"role":"Editor","namepart":"Daniels, Roger"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Bainbridge Island","id":"291"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")","id":"57"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- \"Evacuation Day\"","id":"190"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Aftermath","id":"191"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Exclusion orders","id":"188"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Preparation","id":"189"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath","id":"48"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"De Witt, General John L."}],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"North and Central America","id":"332"},{"term":"United States","id":"1"},{"term":"Manzanar, California","id":"144"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"book","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"c. 1989","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Daniels, Roger Editor De Witt, General John L.","download_large":"ddr-densho-372-3-mezzanine-87267e3354-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1009-3","model":"entity","index":"17 3092/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1009-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1009-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1009/denshovh-mcharlie_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1009/denshovh-mcharlie_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Charlie Matsubara - Mary Matsubara - Evelyn Togami Interview","description":"This interview was conducted with husband and wife Charlie and Mary Matsubara, and Mary's sister Evelyn Togami. Charlie was born June 3, 1920, in San Francisco, California. Mary was born January 3, 1922, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Evelyn was born December 9, 1920, in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Mary and Evelyn were living in California with their family when World War II broke out, and the family decided to caravan with several other Japanese American families back to New Mexico, where they remained throughout the war. Charlie was living in Los Angeles when the war started, and he and his brother stayed behind in California to settle property and belongings while the rest of the family moved to Albuquerque to avoid incarceration. Charlie and his brother were sent to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Charlie eventually left camp to join his family in New Mexico.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:13:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-1009-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":826,"namepart":"Charlie Matsubara"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":827,"namepart":"Mary Matsubara"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":828,"namepart":"Evelyn Togami"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Danielle Corcoran"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009ps8p","namepart":"Matsubara, Charles Saburo"}],"contributor":"New Mexico JACL Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Albuquerque, New Mexico","creation":"May 28, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Charlie Matsubara narrator \nMary Matsubara narrator \nEvelyn Togami narrator \nDanielle Corcoran interviewer Matsubara, Charles Saburo 88922nr009ps8p","download_large":"denshovh-mcharlie_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-18-12","model":"entity","index":"18 3093/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-18-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-18-12/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-12-mezzanine-4740cc39d3-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-12-mezzanine-4740cc39d3-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon","description":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon, dated November 27, 1942. John writes about the limited daylight hours, cold weather, and thanks Harold for sending him the chalk he requested. There is an illustration of John doing a pull up, while another boy asks to touch the chalk. He mentions the inadequate amount of chairs in the classrooms and describes the Thanksgiving meal they had. There is an illustration of two individuals walking in winter clothing, and a detailed illustration of John teaching his Sunday school class with a caption noting how he had reached an all-time high attendance of 46 students. On the last page, in the upper left corner is an illustration of a boy on his knees begging with a caption asking Harold to send a photo and enclosing $1 to cover any expenses. There is a larger illustration of a hand holding a pencil and the word \"WRITE\" written in large letters. At the bottom he includes his Manzanar address and a list of abbreviations for the words block, building, and apartment. John pleads for Harold to \"ask him anything\" and write back to him.","extent":"11 x 8 1/2 in. (27.9 x 21.6 cm)","links_children":"ddr-janm-18-12","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hohri, Sohei (John) author Hohri, Sohei (John)","download_large":"ddr-janm-18-12-mezzanine-4740cc39d3-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1024-87","model":"entity","index":"19 3094/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1024-87/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1024-87/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-87-mezzanine-7c61711efb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-87-mezzanine-7c61711efb-a.jpg"},"title":"Yuki Shimoda: Asian American Actor","description":"The thirty-year acting career of the late Yuki Shimoda reflects the achievement and career disappointments that faced the minority actor. Only offered limited roles by the Hollywood establishment during certain points of his career, Shimoda persevered on for challenging dramatic roles, such as in the television movie, FAREWELL TO MANZANAR. Shimoda’s journey from Sacramento’s “J-Town,” to his imprisonment in an American concentration camp, and his experiences on Broadway and Hollywood are insightfully explored through interviews and selected clips from his film and television work. Among those interviewed include directors Harold Prince and John Korty; actors Mako, Beulah Quo, Nobu McCarthy, Soon Tek Oh; and agent Guy Lee.\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Densho Resource Guide at: Yuki Shimoda: Asian American Actor (film).\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Digital Library of the Japanese American Incarceration Films at: https://archive.org/details/ddr-densho-1024-87.","extent":"00:31:00","links_children":"ddr-densho-1024-87","creators":[{"role":"Director, Screenwriter, Producer, Editor, Sound Design","namepart":"Esaki, John"},{"role":"Executive Producer","namepart":"Aihara, Douglas"},{"role":"Executive Producer","namepart":"Araki, Nancy"},{"role":"Executive Producer","namepart":"Kikumura, Akemi"},{"role":"Executive Producer","namepart":"Mabalot, Lisa"},{"role":"Executive Producer","namepart":"Tatsukawa, Steve"},{"role":"Co-Producer","namepart":"Kato, Amy E."},{"role":"Composer","namepart":"Kuramoto, Dan"},{"role":"Sound Design","namepart":"Cubos, Gabriel"},{"role":"Sound Design","namepart":"Nakamura, Robert"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Prince, Harold"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Akemi, Kikumura"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"McCarthy, Nobu"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Quo, Beulah"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Yashima, Momo"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Oh, Soon Teck"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Lee, Guy"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Nishijima, Kanji"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Osaki, Tad"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Matsuhara, Yosh"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Tokuno, Mako"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Edelstein, Rick"},{"role":"Actor","namepart":"Korty, John"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Film","id":"249"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Shimoda, Yuki"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"motion_picture","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"1985","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Esaki, John Director, Screenwriter, Producer, Editor, Sound Design \nAihara, Douglas Executive Producer \nAraki, Nancy Executive Producer \nKikumura, Akemi Executive Producer \nMabalot, Lisa Executive Producer \nTatsukawa, Steve Executive Producer \nKato, Amy E. Co-Producer \nKuramoto, Dan Composer \nCubos, Gabriel Sound Design \nNakamura, Robert Sound Design \nPrince, Harold Actor \nAkemi, Kikumura Actor \nMcCarthy, Nobu Actor \nQuo, Beulah Actor \nYashima, Momo Actor \nOh, Soon Teck Actor \nLee, Guy Actor \nNishijima, Kanji Actor \nOsaki, Tad Actor \nMatsuhara, Yosh Actor \nTokuno, Mako Actor \nEdelstein, Rick Actor \nKorty, John Actor Shimoda, Yuki","download_large":"ddr-densho-1024-87-mezzanine-7c61711efb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-18-6","model":"entity","index":"20 3095/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-18-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-18-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-6-mezzanine-207766fef8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-6-mezzanine-207766fef8-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon","description":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon, dated April 24, 1942. Letter in pencil on unlined paper, written in all capital letters. First page consists of drawings: a gymnast upside down on the rings, an arm holding up the date like a plate of food, a sketch of a letter from Donald Lindsey with a pole vaulter, a laughing face, and a hand holding the letter. He includes his Manzanar address in large letters at the bottom of the page. The second page is filled with softball drawings, and a large full body drawing of John wearing a glove and leaning on a bat. At the bottom of the page, he writes how they beat the West LA Warriors 25-4 and 11-5. Pages three and four are filled with drawings of pole vaulting, a home visit, baseball, pleading with a teacher, horse shoes, \"flashback of Emerson days\" with two boys pitching/hitting a baseball, and two boys on the ground fighting. Page five includes a drawing of Harold as a Letterman; he is depicted in a \"U\" jacket, smiling, holding a vaulting pole, and wearing two medals. At the bottom of the page there is a happy face looking at the medals, \"U\" letters, pins, and trophy.","extent":"11 x 8 1/2 in. (27.9 x 21.6 cm)","links_children":"ddr-janm-18-6","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hohri, Sohei (John) author Hohri, Sohei (John)","download_large":"ddr-janm-18-6-mezzanine-207766fef8-a.jpg"},{"id":"123","model":"narrator","index":"21 3096/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/123/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/123/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bpaul.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bpaul.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/123/interviews/"},"display_name":"Paul Bannai","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 4, 1920, in Delta, Colorado. Grew up in small mining and farming towns in Colorado, Utah and Arizona, until his family moved to Boyle Heights in the Los Angeles, California area. After graduating from high school, he tested discrimination and employment practices and eventually succeeded in obtaining a job at a bank. During World War II, his family was held in Manzanar concentration camp, California. Mr. Bannai joined the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, and was later transferred to the U.S. Military Intelligence Service. He served in New Guinea and elsewhere overseas, was an interpreter for the Allied Translator and Interpreter Service (ATIS), and interpreted at the surrender of Japanese forces at ceremonies in Indonesia. Married and eventually resettled in Gardena, California, where he worked in the floral industry before founding the Bannai Realty and Insurance Company. An extremely active community and civic volunteer, Mr. Bannai joined the Elks Club as well as many veterans' and other organizations. He was elected to the Gardena city council in 1972, and in 1973 was elected to the California State Legislature. In 1980, Mr. Bannai became the executive director of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC). In 1981, he was appointed chief director of the Memorial Affairs Department of the Veterans Administration by President Ronald Reagan."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-128","model":"entity","index":"22 3097/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-128/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-128/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-bpaul-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-bpaul-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Paul Bannai Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born July 4, 1920 in Delta, Colorado. Grew up in small mining and farming towns in Colorado, Utah and Arizona, until his family moved to Boyle Heights in the Los Angeles, California area. After graduating from high school, he tested discrimination and employment practices and eventually succeeded in obtaining a job at a bank. During World War II, his family was held in Manzanar concentration camp, California. Mr. Bannai joined the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, and was later transferred to the U.S. Military Intelligence Service. He served in New Guinea and elsewhere overseas, was an interpreter for the Allied Translator and Interpreter Service (ATIS), and interpreted at the surrender of Japanese forces at ceremonies in Indonesia. Married and eventually resettled in Gardena, California, where he worked in the floral industry before founding the Bannai Realty and Insurance Company. An extremely active community and civic volunteer, Mr. Bannai joined the Elks Club as well as many veterans' and other organizations. He was elected to the Gardena city council in 1972, and in 1973 was elected to the California State Legislature. In 1980, Mr. Bannai became the executive director of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC). In 1981, he was appointed chief director of the Memorial Affairs Department of the Veterans Administration by President Ronald Reagan.","extent":"02:27:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-128","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":123,"namepart":"Paul Bannai"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0099c15","namepart":"Bannai, Paul Takeo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 28, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Paul Bannai narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Bannai, Paul Takeo 88922nr0099c15","download_large":"denshovh-bpaul-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-150","model":"entity","index":"23 3098/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-150/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-150/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-bpaul-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-bpaul-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Paul Bannai Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born July 4, 1920 in Delta, Colorado. Grew up in small mining and farming towns in Colorado, Utah and Arizona, until his family moved to Boyle Heights in the Los Angeles, California area. After graduating from high school, he tested discrimination and employment practices and eventually succeeded in obtaining a job at a bank. During World War II, his family was held in Manzanar concentration camp, California. Mr. Bannai joined the 442nd Regimental Combat Team, and was later transferred to the U.S. Military Intelligence Service. He served in New Guinea and elsewhere overseas, was an interpreter for the Allied Translator and Interpreter Service (ATIS), and interpreted at the surrender of Japanese forces at ceremonies in Indonesia. Married and eventually resettled in Gardena, California, where he worked in the floral industry before founding the Bannai Realty and Insurance Company. An extremely active community and civic volunteer, Mr. Bannai joined the Elks Club as well as many veterans' and other organizations. He was elected to the Gardena city council in 1972, and in 1973 was elected to the California State Legislature. In 1980, Mr. Bannai became the executive director of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC). In 1981, he was appointed chief director of the Memorial Affairs Department of the Veterans Administration by President Ronald Reagan.","extent":"02:34:58","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-150","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":123,"namepart":"Paul Bannai"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0099c15","namepart":"Bannai, Paul Takeo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 29, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Paul Bannai narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Bannai, Paul Takeo 88922nr0099c15","download_large":"denshovh-bpaul-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-18-29","model":"entity","index":"24 3099/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-18-29/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-18-29/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-29-mezzanine-c169699282-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-29-mezzanine-c169699282-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon and Thelma Jo Bruce","description":"Four letters from Sohei (John) Hohri to Harold Landon dating November 23, 2002; October 10, 2002; June 3, 2000; November 24, 1999. Sohei writes to thank Harold for sending him copies of the letters he wrote 60 years ago, and notes that the teenage talk, drawing, and writing were all forgettable to him. He writes extensively on his thoughts of \"youth,\" and tells Harold that his nickname should have been \"Write\" during \"Manzanar's boring two years.\" Sohei mentions that his past letters to Harold do not express him, that he disagrees with Tom Yamada, and doesn't believe that the letters are for Manzanar or any museum. He writes about the death of his friends, how he now prefers to use full names instead of nicknames, that he is moved that Harold had kept his letters for so long, and asks Harold where he had read his written piece,\" Sacred Springs of Native Americans.\" In his letter from 2000, Sohei thanks them and accepts the invitation to see Thelma Jo's chorale concert at Carnegie Hall, and also mentions that he is looking forward to their New York visit from June 29-July 3. In his letter from 1999, Sohei discusses bible translations, reading newer versions of the bible with more insight than his younger years, and Harold and Thelma's 50th anniversary.","extent":"11 x 8 1/2 in. (27.9 x 21.6 cm)","links_children":"ddr-janm-18-29","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"New York City, New York","creation":"1999-2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hohri, Sohei (John) author Hohri, Sohei (John)","download_large":"ddr-janm-18-29-mezzanine-c169699282-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"manzanar","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}