(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:00:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1003-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":626,"namepart":"Robert A. Nakamura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Sharon Yamato"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Akira Boch"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009v20h","namepart":"Nakamura, Akira Robert"}],"contributor":"Friends of Manzanar Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 30, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Robert A. Nakamura narrator \nSharon Yamato interviewer \nAkira Boch videographer Nakamura, Akira Robert 88922nr009v20h","download_large":"denshovh-nrobert-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-188","model":"entity","index":"1 3051/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-188/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-188/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-amas-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-amas-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Mas Akiyama","description":"Nisei male. Born May 19, 1917, in Eastport, Idaho, and spent childhood in Spokane, Washington. In 1933 traveled to Japan with family where father became ill and died. Attended school in Japan for three years and then returned to Spokane in 1936 and worked on a farm. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, volunteered for military service but failed the medical examination. During the war, took brief trips to Manzanar concentration camp, California, a camp in Arkansas, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war worked as a painter of large signs in Spokane.
(This interview was conducted as part of a project to capture stories of the Japanese American community of Spokane, Washington. Densho worked in collaboration with the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture.)","extent":"01:30:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-188","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":212,"namepart":"Mas Akiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"March 15, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mas Akiyama narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-amas-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-104","model":"entity","index":"2 3052/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-104/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-104/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-wwalt-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-wwalt-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Walt Woodward Interview","description":"White male. Born February 25, 1910, in Seattle, Washington. Co-publisher (with his wife Milly) and editor of the newspaper, The Bainbridge Review, from 1935-1963. During World War II, The Bainbridge Review was the sole newspaper on the West Coast to continuously speak out against the mass removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, primarily through Woodward's editorials. He also published a weekly article about life in camp written by various Bainbridge Islanders incarcerated at Manzanar and Minidoka concentration camps, allowing the Japanese Americans to continue to have a voice in the Bainbridge Island community. In 1998 was honored by his newspapering peers with the Washington Newspaper Publishers Association, Freedom's Light award in recognition of unwavering practice of the First Amendment.","extent":"00:31:39","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-104","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":105,"namepart":"Walt Woodward"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Donna Harui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Mij Woodward"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Bainbridge Island, Washington","creation":"May 11, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Walt Woodward narrator \nDonna Harui interviewer \nMij Woodward interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-wwalt-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38","model":"collection","index":"3 3053/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"},"title":"CSU Dominguez Hills George and Mitzi Naohara Papers","description":"The George and Mitzi Naohara Papers consists of photo albums and scrapbooks compiled by George and Mitzi Naohara, and other documents pertaining to the Naohara and Masukawa family. Contained are photographs, correspondence, documents, and memorabilia depicting their experiences during World War II. George Nobuo Naohara is a Kibei Nisei, and his experiences include his farm labor in Idaho and Utah, incarceration in the Manzanar, Jerome, and Tule Lake camps, and the U.S. Army language school training and Korean War. He also engaged in Buddhist activities for his whole life and there are moving images depicting Gardena Buddhist Church activities after the war. Mitzi Masukawa Naohara was a preschool teacher at the Poston camp, Arizona, and also a member of a young Nisei women's club, \"Sigma Debs.” Her collected materials depict her life as a teacher and social events in the Poston camp during the war.","extent":"5.20 linear feet","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, Mitzi, 1923-"}],"language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","public":"1","rights":"nocc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author \nNaohara, Mitzi, 1923- author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"},{"id":"18","model":"narrator","index":"4 3054/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/18/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/18/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/haiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/haiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/18/interviews/"},"display_name":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga","bio":"Nisei female. Born August 5, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Washington representative and researcher for National Council for Japanese American Redress (NCJAR) and primary archival researcher for the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC), and the three coram nobis cases. Consultant to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History exhibition. \"A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution\"; and consultant for the Justice Department's Office of Redress Administration."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-10","model":"entity","index":"5 3055/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-10-mezzanine-66fe02b61a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-10-mezzanine-66fe02b61a-a.jpg"},"title":"My future","description":"Term Paper by Hitoshi Yasuda for period 5 Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Hitoshi opens by discussing the uncertainty he faces in his future, and the characteristics necessary to be successful. Before the war, he had hoped to go to college and get technical training in a specialized field. After the evacuation, he struggled with motivation, but has settled into a routine school during the week and a job on Saturday and Sunday for spending money. He concludes with the necessary steps to be successful in the future. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9010. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0010","extent":"10 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-10","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Yasuda, Hitoshi"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yasuda, Hitoshi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-10-mezzanine-66fe02b61a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-14","model":"entity","index":"6 3056/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-14-mezzanine-dd8c5cb00c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-14-mezzanine-dd8c5cb00c-a.jpg"},"title":"Future","description":"Term paper by Yoshio Kusayanagi for Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Yoshio presents a very idealistic view of the needs for good individuals to overcome evil and injustice in the world. He highlights the need for everyone to do their part to win the war, by working their utmost, and producing the necessary components for a successful war. He mentions the consumerism of America versus the single-minded focus of Germany in preparing for war. If the war is lost, he says the future is over. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9014. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0014","extent":"8 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-14","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Kusayanagi, Yoshio"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kusayanagi, Yoshio author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-14-mezzanine-dd8c5cb00c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-21","model":"entity","index":"7 3057/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-21-mezzanine-d8412e99aa-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-21-mezzanine-d8412e99aa-a.jpg"},"title":"School assignment","description":"Assignment by Midori Kunitomi (first name missing due to torn upper right corner, determined via class roster) for Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Kunitomi describes the United States as a melting pot of the world, where everyone has a equal chance and racial difference is not important. The first people came to America to live where they could do as they pleased and created a country where people have a say in their own future. However, racial prejudice on minorities exists, but this is not done by all. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9021. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0021","extent":"1 page, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten, damaged","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-21","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Kunitomi, Midori"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943-02","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kunitomi, Midori author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-21-mezzanine-d8412e99aa-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-13","model":"entity","index":"8 3058/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-13-mezzanine-0f154a8589-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-13-mezzanine-0f154a8589-a.jpg"},"title":"Term paper","description":"Term paper by Grace Yuhashi for period 5 Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Grace has always wanted to become a secretary. She discusses the important qualities necessary to be successful including working well with their employer. She identifies the need to attend business school in order to fulfill her dream. However, when the war broke out, she realized she would need to fight racial prejudice to gain a good position. She no longer plans her future as completely, but hopes to go to Junior College. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9013. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0013","extent":"5 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-13","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Yuhashi, Grace"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yuhashi, Grace author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-13-mezzanine-0f154a8589-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1003-1","model":"entity","index":"9 3059/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1003-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1003-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-mkiyo_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-mkiyo_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kiyo Maruyama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 28, 1920, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in the Glendale area, where father ran a gardening business. Was in college at UC Berkeley when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Chicago. Drafted into the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan. Returned to California and started an accounting firm. Became involved in many community organizations in Los Angeles.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:00:23","links_children":"ddr-densho-1003-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":616,"namepart":"Kiyo Maruyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009pg9g","namepart":"Maruyama, Kiyoshi"}],"contributor":"Friends of Manzanar Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"October 24, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kiyo Maruyama narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Maruyama, Kiyoshi 88922nr009pg9g","download_large":"denshovh-mkiyo_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-276","model":"entity","index":"10 3060/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-276/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-276/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-otakayo-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-otakayo-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Rose Matsui Ochi Interview I","description":"Nisei female. Born December 15, 1938, in Los Angeles, California. As a child, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Following World War II, became a teacher and then went to law school. In 1974, worked for Los Angeles Mayor Bradley as a legislative research coordinator and eventually executive assistant to the mayor, heading up the Criminal Justice office. Served as the pro-bono lawyer for the Manzanar Committee and was instrumental in the site's establishment and development.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:21:19","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-276","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":277,"namepart":"Rose Matsui Ochi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Law","id":"362"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr006x022","namepart":"Matsui, Takayo Rose"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Santa Anita","id":"23"}],"creation":"February 28, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Rose Matsui Ochi narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Matsui, Takayo Rose 88922nr006x022","download_large":"denshovh-otakayo-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-277","model":"entity","index":"11 3061/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-277/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-277/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-otakayo-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-otakayo-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Rose Matsui Ochi Interview II","description":"Nisei female. Born December 15, 1938, in Los Angeles, California. As a child, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Following World War II, became a teacher and then went to law school. In 1974, worked for Los Angeles Mayor Bradley as a legislative research coordinator and eventually executive assistant to the mayor, heading up the Criminal Justice office. Served as the pro-bono lawyer for the Manzanar Committee and was instrumental in the site's establishment and development.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:53:41","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-277","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":277,"namepart":"Rose Matsui Ochi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Law","id":"362"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr006x022","namepart":"Matsui, Takayo Rose"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Santa Anita","id":"23"}],"creation":"March 14, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Rose Matsui Ochi narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Matsui, Takayo Rose 88922nr006x022","download_large":"denshovh-otakayo-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-294","model":"entity","index":"12 3062/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-294/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-294/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-uhank-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-uhank-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Hank Shozo Umemoto Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born October 12, 1928, in Florin, California, a small community outside of Sacramento, California. Lost father at an early age, and was raised primarily by older brother. During World War II, removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. While in camp, snuck out of camp to spend time in the surrounding hillside. After leaving camp, returned to California and finished high school. Notably, refused to accept on principle the redress payments made to Japanese Americans in the 1980s.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:15:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-294","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":510,"namepart":"Hank Shozo Umemoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015z274","namepart":"Umemoto, Shozo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 30, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hank Shozo Umemoto narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Umemoto, Shozo 88922nr015z274","download_large":"denshovh-uhank-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-322","model":"entity","index":"13 3063/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-322/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-322/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mjohn-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mjohn-01-a.jpg"},"title":"John Kats Marumoto Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born 1927 in Terminal Island, California. Grew up on Terminal Island, where father was a fisherman. Lived in Japan for a short time in 1941. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Compton after the Japanese Americans were excluded from Terminal Island. Removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, worked on a fishing boat in Mexico. Drafted into the military in the 1950s and served in Japan. After the war, returned to California.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:18:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-322","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":552,"namepart":"John Kats Marumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009pc74","namepart":"Marumoto, Katsuyuki"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"June 28, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"John Kats Marumoto narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Marumoto, Katsuyuki 88922nr009pc74","download_large":"denshovh-mjohn-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-3","model":"entity","index":"14 3064/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-3-mezzanine-1a5261de31-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-3-mezzanine-1a5261de31-a.jpg"},"title":"George Naohara's handwritten annotation","description":"English translation of handwritten annotation from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 5: When I went to the Manzanar camp in California, late Hiromu Sasaki took me to Maryknoll School, which was a Japanese language school located on Alameda Blvd, Los Angeles, California. I remember I packed my birth certificate, clothes, and other necessities into my suitcase. Because of the outbreak of the war, I was sent to the camp. I was convoyed from Maryknoll School to Union Station and directed to a train. I do not remember how many hours I was riding on the train. On the way, they gave me a large box. There was enough food for lunch, including oranges. The train arrived at the Manzanar camp. I saw military police from the train. I was instructed to stay in the train and wait until called. I was called. I received two blankets. The staff guided me to the assigned room. I do not remember how many people were there but maybe five to six people were Kibei young men. I was introduced to them and placed my luggage on my assigned cotton bed. On the first day, the wind grew strong. The windows in barracks were not covered with glass, and the sandy dust came in through the windows. I swept the floor to remove the dust. I saw an unfamiliar young man talking to someone outside. I learned that Dr. Shimizu was also incarcerated in the Manzanar camp. I entered a school in the camp, and later I learned that the school was operated by Dr. Shimizu. There were only Kibei young men in my room. They spoke in Japanese. I learned that they attended the Maryknoll School. Mr. Oshita was one of the Kibei young men and was sent from Marysville to the camp. Mr. Oshita and I were fluent in English and Japanese, and I remember we were asked to perform Kanichi and Omiya which was a play based on a love story written by Koyo Ozaki. I played a female role, Omiya, and Mr. Oshita acted Kanichi. The play was fun and people liked it very much. I went to work every day, climbing up a hill by truck and digging a 10 x 10 hole for trash. Two to three months later, I went to work for thinning sugar beets which paid one dollar per hour. My destination was Idaho. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_01_005","extent":"1 page, 8 x 8.75 inches, handwritten; black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-3-mezzanine-1a5261de31-a.jpg"},{"id":"414","model":"narrator","index":"15 3065/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/414/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/414/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/scedrick.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/scedrick.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/414/interviews/"},"display_name":"Cedrick M. Shimo","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 1, 1919, in Heber, California, in the Imperial Valley. Grew up in Boyle Heights. Received draft notice one day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and joined the Military Intelligence Service. After being denied furlough to visit his mother in Manzanar concentration camp, refused to serve overseas with his unit. Was placed in the 1800 Engineering Battalion, made up of Japanese, German and Italian Americans considered \"suspect\" by the U.S. government. After World War II, became the vice president of the export division for Honda, dedicating much of his time to promoting better trade relations between the U.S. and Japan."},{"id":"506","model":"narrator","index":"16 3066/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/506/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/506/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbruce.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbruce.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/506/interviews/"},"display_name":"Bruce T. Kaji","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 9, 1926, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles and was in high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. During the war, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Left camp to attend Morningside College in Sioux City, Iowa, then was inducted into the army. Joined the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation as an interpreter for the war crimes trials. Returned to Los Angeles and established Merit Savings Bank, later becoming involved in the redevelopment of Little Tokyo. Mr. Kaji is one of the key founders of the Japanese American National Museum in Los Angeles."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-47-26","model":"entity","index":"17 3067/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-47-26/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-47-26/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-47/ddr-csujad-47-26-mezzanine-f4a5f1e70f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-47/ddr-csujad-47-26-mezzanine-f4a5f1e70f-a.jpg"},"title":"Registering incoming incarcerees","description":"Photograph of incarcerees waiting to be processed at Manzanar incarceration camp. The center table is full of forms and other paperwork. On the left are two men seated behind the table. People are lined up on the other side of the table filling the rest of the room. The open doorway shows barracks and the Sierra Nevada. People are holding identification tags. Man at table has pen in hand, and is holding a family identification tag in the other hand. The three on the bottom right are wearing lettermen jackets and varsity sweaters. Caption reads: Registering incoming evacuees. Title from caption, which was taken from the original photo album. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_merritt_0053","extent":"black and white, 3.25 x 4.25 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-47-26","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1942-1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-47-26-mezzanine-f4a5f1e70f-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-11","model":"entity","index":"18 3068/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-11/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-11-mezzanine-bb0b826f4c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-11-mezzanine-bb0b826f4c-a.jpg"},"title":"Planning for my future","description":"Term Paper by Mitsuye Furuya for period 7 Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Mitsuye focuses on the importance of school during the first half of her essay and its usefulness in preparing one for the future as a well-rounded individual and training in a chosen field. Mitsuye continues with her desire to be a homemaker and the many necessary qualities in caring for a family and home. She concludes with the importance of homemaking as a study for all students and individual courses that will be of benefit to her as a house wife. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9011. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0011","extent":"7 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-11","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Furuya, Mitsuye"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Furuya, Mitsuye author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-11-mezzanine-bb0b826f4c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-281","model":"entity","index":"19 3069/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-281/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-281/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mjim-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mjim-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Matsuoka Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born July 27, 1935, in Los Angeles, Califonia. Grew up in Los Angeles' Little Tokyo neighborhood prior to World War II. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to Los Angeles and attended school. Became involved in gang activity in L.A. in the 1950s. Served in the military from 1958 to 1960. Active in community social service organizations in Little Tokyo, and was one of the integral players in the redress movement.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:38:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-281","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":484,"namepart":"Jim Matsuoka"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009qd7d","namepart":"Matsuoka, Haruyuki Jim"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"May 24, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Matsuoka narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Matsuoka, Haruyuki Jim 88922nr009qd7d","download_large":"denshovh-mjim-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-333","model":"entity","index":"20 3070/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-333/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-333/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yrichard_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yrichard_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Richard E. Yamashiro Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born February 13, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Hollywood, California, and was living there when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. Removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Parents signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and the family was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, then designated as a segregation center. From Tule Lake, expatriated to Japan and moved there with family. Eventually came back to the U.S., joined the Military Intelligence Service, and returned to Japan for military service.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:03:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-333","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":572,"namepart":"Richard E. Yamashiro"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zw4f","namepart":"Yamashiro, Richard Eiichi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"May 24, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Richard E. Yamashiro narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Yamashiro, Richard Eiichi 88922nr015zw4f","download_large":"denshovh-yrichard_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-65-5","model":"entity","index":"21 3071/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-65-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-65-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-5-mezzanine-ec1f666d1b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-5-mezzanine-ec1f666d1b-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean Dispatch Vol. III No. 10 (July 28, 1942)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Colony Census Midnight Friday\" (p. 1), \"More Men Than Women Here\" (p. 1), \"1000 Workers Fail to Call for Tags\" (p. 1), \"Notary Public Here Tuesday 7 to 8 P.M.\" (p. 1), \"Tough Operation Claimed Success\" (p. 1), \"No Overtime Paid\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake is Bird's Paradise: Farmer's Life. It's Beautiful Outside, Report\" (p. 2), \"4300 Copies Printed Daily\" (p. 2), \"Three Fire Units\" (p. 2), \"Manzanar Gets Printing Press\" (p. 3), \"Course in Marriage to be Held\" (p. 3), \"Complete Line at Canteen\" (p. 3), \"Complete Line at Canteen\" (p. 3), \"Shoe Repair Shop Flooded\" (p. 3), \"JACL Heads to Meet\" (p. 3), \"Educators Visit Colony\" (p. 3), \"Colonists Urged to Call for Goods\" (p. 4), \"Rec. Staff at Temporary Address\" (p. 4), \"More Block Managers\" (p. 4), \"Walerga Checks\" (p. 4).","extent":"1308W x 2156H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-65-5","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Tulean Dispatch","id":"174"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Osasa, Tom"},{"namepart":"Moyer, Jimmie"},{"namepart":"Niesse, Gilbert L."},{"namepart":"Shirrell, Elmer L."},{"namepart":"Rhodes, Earnest"},{"namepart":"Nakano, Lawrence"},{"namepart":"Ishii, Ichiro"},{"namepart":"Tsunoda, G. I."},{"namepart":"Eejima, Samuel"},{"namepart":"Miyahara, M."},{"namepart":"O'Brien, Robert"},{"namepart":"Rogester, John"},{"namepart":"Hayes, Joe"},{"namepart":"Elberson, Don"},{"namepart":"Kanzawa, Toshio"},{"namepart":"Hikiji, Kentaro"},{"namepart":"Narita, George"},{"namepart":"Kamiya, Ichiro"},{"namepart":"Saito, Perry"},{"namepart":"Yabe, Fumiko"},{"namepart":"Ochikubo, Bernice"},{"namepart":"Takata, Yukiye"},{"namepart":"Yagi, Doris"},{"namepart":"Sato, Chiyo"},{"namepart":"Yabe, Penelope"},{"namepart":"Shibata, Takako"},{"namepart":"Shimihiro, Rui"},{"namepart":"Fukumitsu, Tsuyuko"},{"namepart":"Akahoshi, Nobuta"},{"namepart":"Yagi, Sadayoshi"},{"namepart":"Oshima, Ben"},{"namepart":"Miura, Roy"},{"namepart":"Iwasaki, Minoru"},{"namepart":"Masaki, Takeshi"},{"namepart":"Osuga, Peter"},{"namepart":"Taketa, Henry"},{"namepart":"Sakai, George"},{"namepart":"Nikaido, Roy"},{"namepart":"Tamura, Bill"},{"namepart":"Tsuda, Hitoyoshi"},{"namepart":"Oshika, Naoichi"},{"namepart":"Koga, Albert"},{"namepart":"Noda, Jindo"},{"namepart":"Yega, Ryozo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Tule Lake concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"July 28, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Osasa, Tom \nMoyer, Jimmie \nNiesse, Gilbert L. \nShirrell, Elmer L. \nRhodes, Earnest \nNakano, Lawrence \nIshii, Ichiro \nTsunoda, G. I. \nEejima, Samuel \nMiyahara, M. \nO'Brien, Robert \nRogester, John \nHayes, Joe \nElberson, Don \nKanzawa, Toshio \nHikiji, Kentaro \nNarita, George \nKamiya, Ichiro \nSaito, Perry \nYabe, Fumiko \nOchikubo, Bernice \nTakata, Yukiye \nYagi, Doris \nSato, Chiyo \nYabe, Penelope \nShibata, Takako \nShimihiro, Rui \nFukumitsu, Tsuyuko \nAkahoshi, Nobuta \nYagi, Sadayoshi \nOshima, Ben \nMiura, Roy \nIwasaki, Minoru \nMasaki, Takeshi \nOsuga, Peter \nTaketa, Henry \nSakai, George \nNikaido, Roy \nTamura, Bill \nTsuda, Hitoyoshi \nOshika, Naoichi \nKoga, Albert \nNoda, Jindo \nYega, Ryozo","download_large":"ddr-densho-65-5-mezzanine-ec1f666d1b-a.jpg"},{"id":"898","model":"narrator","index":"22 3072/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/898/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/898/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-450_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-450_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/898/interviews/"},"display_name":"Alan Nishio","bio":"Sansei male. Born August 9, 1945, at the Manzanar concentration camp, California, where his parents were incarcerated during World War II. Grew up in the Venice area of California, and became increasingly politically active while attending the University of California, Berkeley, during the Free Speech Movement during the late 1960s. Earned a master's degree at the University of Southern California, then helped to found the UCLA Asian American Studies Center. Became an administrator at California State University, Long Beach, eventually advancing to the position of Associate Vice President, Student Services. Became a community activist in Los Angeles and helped to form several important community organizations such as the Little Tokyo People's Rights Organization and the Little Tokyo Service Center."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-2","model":"entity","index":"23 3073/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"},"title":"George Naohara's handwritten annotations","description":"English translations of handwritten annotations from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 4: [Left] Several meetings were held in Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, California, prior to moving to the Manzanar incarceration camp in California. I attended those meetings. What was announced was that all Japanese Americans residing in California and the West Coast should move to “War Relocation Centers” and we, Japanese Americans, complied with the decision made by the U.S. government. We gathered at the Merynoll School in Los Angeles. We were directed to get on a train at the Union Station and sent to the Manzanar incarceration camp. We were allowed to bring one suitcase and one gallon of water. I was incarcerated. Two to three month later, the recruitment of farm laborers was announced: \"Farm laborers for sugar beets are needed in Idaho and Utah. Volunteers will be transported by bus. Follow the instructions.\" I signed up my name and became one of the passengers in a bus. In the bus, I run into Tadashi Sakaida age at 17. Tadashi Sakaida was one of the passengers of the Kamakura-maru which was the ship that I got on when sailing from Japan to the U.S. He was one of my friends. We was delighted to be reunited, and we both worked in a farm together for two years, earning one dollar per hour. [Center] After incarcerated in the Manzanar camp in California, the recruitment of farm laborers for sugar beets was announced. Maybe about 150 people were hired. I was assigned to C.C.C. Camp [Civilian Conservation Corps Camp] in Rupert, Idaho, where young trouble makers were detained. I went to Idaho. They immediately needed to accommodate three meals for all the laborers, and the mess hall work was an urgent demand. That was my first time to meet the cooks and other staff in the mess hall, and I did not know who they were. Among the mess hall staff, George Naohara was a young man at age 20. The mess hall staff consisted of six people. The kitchen work was very busy. [Right bottom] The mess hall of C.C.C. Camp [Civilian Conservation Corps Camp] was well furnished with good kitchen appliances and tools. I was raised in Japan and did not know how to operate or use them, but I was able to figure it out. Senior people and the experienced people taught me how to cook. I was impressed by the facilities in America and admired the advanced lifestyle which was totally different from that of Issei strawberry pickers. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_01_004","extent":"1 page, 8 x 8.75 inches, handwritten; black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-2","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Japanese American community responses","id":"52"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Preparation","id":"189"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"},{"id":"105","model":"narrator","index":"24 3074/{'value': 3111, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/105/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/105/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wwalt.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wwalt.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/105/interviews/"},"display_name":"Walt Woodward","bio":"White male. Born February 25, 1910, in Seattle, Washington. Co-publisher (with his wife Milly) and editor of the newspaper, The Bainbridge Review, from 1935-1963. During World War II, The Bainbridge Review was the sole newspaper on the West Coast to continuously speak out against the mass removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, primarily through Woodward's editorials. He also published a weekly article about life in camp written by various Bainbridge Islanders incarcerated at Manzanar and Minidoka concentration camps, allowing the Japanese Americans to continue to have a voice in the Bainbridge Island community. In 1998 was honored by his newspapering peers with the Washington Newspaper Publishers Association, Freedom's Light award in recognition of unwavering practice of the First Amendment."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"manzanar","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}