(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:48:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1003-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":627,"namepart":"Arnold T. Maeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Sharon Yamato"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009p786","namepart":"Maeda, Arnold Tadao"}],"contributor":"Friends of Manzanar Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"January 9, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Arnold T. Maeda narrator \nSharon Yamato interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Maeda, Arnold Tadao 88922nr009p786","download_large":"denshovh-marnold-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-18-8","model":"entity","index":"3 3028/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-18-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-18-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-8-mezzanine-b3752848f9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-8-mezzanine-b3752848f9-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon","description":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon, dated June 28, 1942. John writes asking Harold what his plans are since he graduated high school. He writes about his activities in Manzanar, working in a camouflage factory, teaching a Sunday school class, and attending 12th grade in September. He comments about how he had to miss Harold at the city finals because of being in camp, and talks about how he received a copy of the Chieftain from Donald Lindsey and didn't see Harold on the varsity track team. He references James 1:17 and urges him to write him back. The last page includes a large drawing of John punching Harold with the caption, \"I AM MAD!!! WRITE!!\"","extent":"11 x 8 1/2 in. (27.9 x 21.6 cm)","links_children":"ddr-janm-18-8","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hohri, Sohei (John) author Hohri, Sohei (John)","download_large":"ddr-janm-18-8-mezzanine-b3752848f9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-18-11","model":"entity","index":"4 3029/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-18-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-18-11/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-11-mezzanine-be841c29f0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-11-mezzanine-be841c29f0-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon","description":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon, dated October 6, 1942. John writes about his life in Manzanar and the satisfaction he receives from teaching his Sunday school class. He writes that the average attendance for his class is about 40 boys from the ages of 12-14, and talks about the activities his Sunday school class participates in. He mentions that the \"Big 17 Fellowship\" group are young, but one of the strongest Christian groups in the camp. He concludes with a reference to 2 Peter 3:18. He includes a P.S. note about how he has enclosed a stamp and a dime so that Harold can send him some chalk.","extent":"Letter, Page 1: 11 x 8 1/2 in. (27.9 x 21.6 cm)\\nPage 2: 6 3/4 x 8 1/2 in. (17.1 x 21.6 cm)","links_children":"ddr-janm-18-11","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hohri, Sohei (John) author Hohri, Sohei (John)","download_large":"ddr-janm-18-11-mezzanine-be841c29f0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-119-118","model":"entity","index":"5 3030/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-119-118/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-119-118/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-118-mezzanine-5cadcbf324-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-118-mezzanine-5cadcbf324-a.jpg"},"title":"Minidoka Irrigator Vol. IV No. 42 (December 23, 1944)","description":"Selected article titles: \"3rd Memorial Services Honor 10 War Dead\" (p. 1), \"Legion Post Urges Japanese To Sell Land\" (p. 1), \"Portland Rules Citizens May Hold Municipal Licenses\" (p. 1), \"9 Families Apply For Return To West Coast. Survey Indicates 800 Families Would Like to Return to Coast\" (p. 1), \"Sec. Ickes' Message on Ban Lift\" (p. 1), \"Manzanar Evacuees Not in Favor of W. Coast Return\" (p. 1), \"Post Dispatch Believes In Educating Coast Agitators\" (p. 2), \"Chicagoans Give Opinions on Legion Post's Action\" (p. 2), \"Economic Rivalry Influenced Army's Exclusion Ban Sun\" (p. 2), \"Slant Eyes Reason For Evacuation Writes K. Landis\" (p. 4), \"Los Angeles Mayor Cannot 'Guarantee' Safety to Evacuees\" (p. 4).","extent":"1456W x 2008H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-119-118","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Minidoka Irrigator","id":"173"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"December 23, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-119-118-mezzanine-5cadcbf324-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-119-79","model":"entity","index":"6 3031/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-119-79/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-119-79/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-79-mezzanine-f239216f11-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-79-mezzanine-f239216f11-a.jpg"},"title":"Minidoka Irrigator Vol. IV No. 2 (March 4, 1944)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Community Government Is Set Up\" (p. 1), \"117 Hunt Men Pass Pre-Induction Physicals to Report for Duty Soon\" (p. 1), \"Myer Reports 402 in Ten Centers Pass Physicals\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Infantryman Rescues Army Major\" (p. 1), \"18 Leave on Wed. for Crystal City\" (p. 1), \"'Go for Broke' Now Being Shown Throughout Center\" (p. 1), \"Myer Says Nisei Must Answer Call\" (p. 1), \"Manzanar Segregants Arrive at Tule Center\" (p. 1), \"What Further Proof of Loyalty Can Be Asked?\" (p. 1), \"Hawaiian Nisei Soldiers in Italy Prove Handy with Grenades\" (p. 1), \"Achievements of Nisei Students in Wartime Campus Life Remarkable\" (p. 3), \"Official Presents Nisei Case Before Denver Legion\" (p. 4).","extent":"1988W x 2640H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-119-79","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Minidoka Irrigator","id":"173"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"March 4, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-119-79-mezzanine-f239216f11-a.jpg"},{"id":"212","model":"narrator","index":"7 3032/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/212/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/212/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/amas.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/amas.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/212/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mas Akiyama","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 19, 1917, in Eastport, Idaho, and spent childhood in Spokane, Washington. In 1933 traveled to Japan with family where father became ill and died. Attended school in Japan for three years and then returned to Spokane in 1936 and worked on a farm. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, volunteered for military service but failed the medical examination. During the war, took brief trips to Manzanar concentration camp, California, a camp in Arkansas, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war worked as a painter of large signs in Spokane."},{"id":"438","model":"narrator","index":"8 3033/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/438/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/438/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge_3.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge_3.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/438/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Matsumoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 19, 1924, in San Francisco, California. At a young age, family moved to Ocean Park, California, where father ran a concession stand in an amusement park. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. While in camp, had numerous jobs, including as part of the kitchen staff. In 1943, refused to answer the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After being released from camp, resettled in Chicago, Illinois, before returning to California."},{"id":"572","model":"narrator","index":"9 3034/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/572/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/572/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yrichard_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yrichard_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/572/interviews/"},"display_name":"Richard E. Yamashiro","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 13, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Hollywood, California, and was living there when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. Removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Parents signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and the family was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, then designated as a segregation center. From Tule Lake, expatriated to Japan and moved there with family. Eventually came back to the U.S., joined the Military Intelligence Service, and returned to Japan for military service."},{"id":"652","model":"narrator","index":"10 3035/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/652/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/652/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/652/interviews/"},"display_name":"Grace Hata","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 5, 1930, in Gardena, California. Grew up in Gardena where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested and taken away by the FBI. During mass removal, family was sent to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and reunited with father. Following the Leave Clearance questionnaire in 1943, family transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and then repatriated to Japan. Grace lived and worked in Japan for a year and a half before returning to California, finishing school, and becoming a nurse."},{"id":"ddr-pc-14-10","model":"entity","index":"11 3036/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-14-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-14-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-14/ddr-pc-14-10-mezzanine-b378bb04ba-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-14/ddr-pc-14-10-mezzanine-b378bb04ba-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 15 No. 7 (July 16, 1942)","description":"Selected article titles: \"U.S. Army Trains Thousand Nisei Soldiers for Overseas Duty as 'All-Japanese' Unit\" (p. 1), \"Four Japanese Face U.S. Indictments in Santa Anita Incident\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Loyalty to U.S. Stressed By WRA Official in Congress\" (p. 1), \"States Have No Right to Bar Citizens, Says Governor Carr\" (p. 2), \"Production Is Key to Future of 'Industrial' Manzanar\" (p. 3), \"Masaoka Back In Washington For Conferences\" (p. 6), \"Salt Lake Tribune Says Inland States Must Assimilate Large Japanese Group After War\" (p. 6), \"Greeks Protest Use Of Japanese Labor On California Farms\" (p. 6), \"WRA Official Says U.S. Nisei Loyal\" (p. 7), \"Roosevelt Says Aliens Should Be Used in Industry\" (p. 8), \"Nisei Instructors Teach Japanese to Army Enlisted Men\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-14-10","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"PCN_19420716","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"July 16, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-14-10-mezzanine-b378bb04ba-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-2","model":"entity","index":"12 3037/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-2-mezzanine-670030a8d2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-2-mezzanine-670030a8d2-a.jpg"},"title":"Term paper: my plan for the future","description":"Term paper by Chiyoko Nakasaki for period VII Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Chiyoko discusses finding an office job after graduation, but she worries about giving the wrong impression or building a bad reputation if she sets out as an independent female. She enjoys listening to music, and her true ambition is to travel, specifically to Hawaii and then the Statue of Liberty. Eventually she wants to take up music lessons again, especially piano. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9002. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0002","extent":"10.5 x 8 inches, 12 pages, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-2","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Nakasaki, Chiyoko"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Nakasaki, Chiyoko author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-2-mezzanine-670030a8d2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-37","model":"entity","index":"13 3038/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-37/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-37/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-37-mezzanine-374f4e2a29-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-37-mezzanine-374f4e2a29-a.jpg"},"title":"My career","description":"Term Paper by Matsumura Masuru for period VII Senior Problem class, taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Matsumura describes his desire to be an aeronautical engineer eventually. He describes the necessary training to become a pilot and a aircraft mechanic. He provides a list of technical schools and colleges that provide related degrees as well as their approximate cost. Matsumura provides a brief history of aviation and concludes his paper with a description of a number of modern airplanes. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9037. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0037","extent":"1 volume, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-37","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Masuru, Matsumura"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Masuru, Matsumura author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-37-mezzanine-374f4e2a29-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-23","model":"entity","index":"14 3039/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-23/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-23/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-23-mezzanine-20386d31e5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-23-mezzanine-20386d31e5-a.jpg"},"title":"Nisei's future","description":"Assignment by Ben (last name missing due to torn upper right corner) for period III Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. Ben believes the future of the Nisei is a dark one, because they are being held as prisoners of war even though they are American citizens. He states the Nisei must realize the propaganda against them and the prejudice they will face when they leave the camps. They must think and prepare for the future. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9023. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0023","extent":"1 page, 11 x 8.5 inches, typescript, damaged","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-23","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-23-mezzanine-20386d31e5-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-22","model":"entity","index":"15 3040/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-22/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-22/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-22-mezzanine-e60cba3692-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-22-mezzanine-e60cba3692-a.jpg"},"title":"Social problems","description":"Assignment by George Odahara for period V Social Problems class taught by Mr. Harry Bentley Wells, a teacher at Manzanar High School. George discusses the problem Japanese Americans in the incarceration camps face. He believes everyone should focus on the future and getting jobs after the war is over. In his opinion farming is going to be the best job for the Japanese Americans, as finding fresh food has been hard during the war. He believes everyone will get their old jobs back after the war. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9022. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_wells_0022","extent":"1 page, 8.5 x 7 inches, handwritten, damaged","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-22","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Odahara, George"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"2/1/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Odahara, George author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-22-mezzanine-e60cba3692-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-47-15","model":"entity","index":"16 3041/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-47-15/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-47-15/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-47/ddr-csujad-47-15-mezzanine-79f3f8df0e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-47/ddr-csujad-47-15-mezzanine-79f3f8df0e-a.jpg"},"title":"Molly Hayes getting ready to snap Mr. Merritt holding the last evacuee in his arms","description":"Photograph of Molly Hayes getting ready to take a photograph of Ralph Merritt holding the last incarceree (a young boy) with a group of civil service employees observing. The group is standing at the front entrance of Manzanar with the sign, \"This project officially closed November 21-1945 no admittance except on business,\" the administrative buildings and the Sierra Nevada in the background. Caption reads: Molly Hayes getting ready to snap Mr. Merritt holding the last evacuee in his arms. November 21, 1945. Title from caption, which was taken from the original photo album. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_merritt_0042","extent":"black and white, 3.5 x 5.25 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-47-15","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp","id":"101"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Women","id":"515"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Nevada","id":"501"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Children","id":"509"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"11/21/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-47-15-mezzanine-79f3f8df0e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-47-37","model":"entity","index":"17 3042/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-47-37/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-47-37/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-47/ddr-csujad-47-37-mezzanine-0319df7b96-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-47/ddr-csujad-47-37-mezzanine-0319df7b96-a.jpg"},"title":"Volunteers dig ditches","description":"Photograph of men digging an irrigation channel at Manzanar incarceration camp. About 12-13 men with pickaxes and shovels digging and clearing brush. They are beside an irrigation ditch. The Sierra Nevada are to the left in the background with a little snow on their peaks. Car parked to the left with a man holding a camera standing next to the open car door. Barracks and utility poles are in the distant background. Caption reads: \"Volunteers\" Dig Ditches. Title from caption, which was taken from the original photo album. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: ecm_merritt_0064","extent":"black and white, 3.125 x 4.125 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-47-37","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Construction","id":"534"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Nevada","id":"501"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-47-37-mezzanine-0319df7b96-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-66","model":"entity","index":"18 3043/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-66/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-66/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-syoshimitsu-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-syoshimitsu-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yoshimitsu Suyematsu Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born May 30, 1927, on Bainbridge Island, Washington. Grew up on Bainbridge, where parents ran a strawberry farm. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, then transferred to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, returned to Bainbridge for a time and then volunteered for the military, serving in Japan during the U.S. occupation. After returning to the United States, established a farm in Ontario, Oregon.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:46:06","links_children":"ddr-one-7-66","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":782,"namepart":"Yoshimitsu Suyematsu"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zt32","namepart":"Suyematsu, Yoshimitsu"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Ontario, Oregon","creation":"April 22, 2014","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yoshimitsu Suyematsu narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Suyematsu, Yoshimitsu 88922nr015zt32","download_large":"denshovh-syoshimitsu-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-188","model":"entity","index":"19 3044/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-188/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-188/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-amas-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-amas-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Mas Akiyama","description":"Nisei male. Born May 19, 1917, in Eastport, Idaho, and spent childhood in Spokane, Washington. In 1933 traveled to Japan with family where father became ill and died. Attended school in Japan for three years and then returned to Spokane in 1936 and worked on a farm. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, volunteered for military service but failed the medical examination. During the war, took brief trips to Manzanar concentration camp, California, a camp in Arkansas, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war worked as a painter of large signs in Spokane.
(This interview was conducted as part of a project to capture stories of the Japanese American community of Spokane, Washington. Densho worked in collaboration with the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture.)","extent":"01:30:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-188","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":212,"namepart":"Mas Akiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"March 15, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mas Akiyama narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-amas-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-104","model":"entity","index":"20 3045/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-104/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-104/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-wwalt-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-wwalt-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Walt Woodward Interview","description":"White male. Born February 25, 1910, in Seattle, Washington. Co-publisher (with his wife Milly) and editor of the newspaper, The Bainbridge Review, from 1935-1963. During World War II, The Bainbridge Review was the sole newspaper on the West Coast to continuously speak out against the mass removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, primarily through Woodward's editorials. He also published a weekly article about life in camp written by various Bainbridge Islanders incarcerated at Manzanar and Minidoka concentration camps, allowing the Japanese Americans to continue to have a voice in the Bainbridge Island community. In 1998 was honored by his newspapering peers with the Washington Newspaper Publishers Association, Freedom's Light award in recognition of unwavering practice of the First Amendment.","extent":"00:31:39","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-104","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":105,"namepart":"Walt Woodward"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Donna Harui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Mij Woodward"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Bainbridge Island, Washington","creation":"May 11, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Walt Woodward narrator \nDonna Harui interviewer \nMij Woodward interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-wwalt-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1003-3","model":"entity","index":"21 3046/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1003-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1003-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-gnancy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-gnancy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Nancy Nakata Gohata Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born October 16, 1940, in Compton, California. As an infant, taken with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After the government issued the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire,\" family was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, lived for ten years at a farm labor camp on an island outside of Stockton. Eventually ended up living in the San Fernando Valley, and became very active with the Japanese American Citizens League.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:40:41","links_children":"ddr-densho-1003-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":623,"namepart":"Nancy Nakata Gohata"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Sharon Yamato"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Ann Kaneko"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0127t1w","namepart":"Nakata, Yaiko Nancy"}],"contributor":"Friends of Manzanar Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 29, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Nancy Nakata Gohata narrator \nSharon Yamato interviewer \nAnn Kaneko videographer Nakata, Yaiko Nancy 88922nr0127t1w","download_large":"denshovh-gnancy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1003-4","model":"entity","index":"22 3047/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1003-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1003-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-nrobert-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-nrobert-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Robert A. Nakamura Interview","description":"Nisei/Sansei male. Born July 5, 1936, in Venice, California. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, lived for a time in Denver before returning to Los Angeles. After the war, became a pioneering filmmaker. Founder of Visual Communications, the oldest community-based media arts center in the United States. Along with wife Karen Ishizuka, founded the Media Arts Center of the Japanese American National Museum.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:00:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1003-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":626,"namepart":"Robert A. Nakamura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Sharon Yamato"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Akira Boch"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009v20h","namepart":"Nakamura, Akira Robert"}],"contributor":"Friends of Manzanar Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"November 30, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Robert A. Nakamura narrator \nSharon Yamato interviewer \nAkira Boch videographer Nakamura, Akira Robert 88922nr009v20h","download_large":"denshovh-nrobert-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"18","model":"narrator","index":"23 3048/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/18/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/18/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/haiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/haiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/18/interviews/"},"display_name":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga","bio":"Nisei female. Born August 5, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Washington representative and researcher for National Council for Japanese American Redress (NCJAR) and primary archival researcher for the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC), and the three coram nobis cases. Consultant to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History exhibition. \"A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution\"; and consultant for the Justice Department's Office of Redress Administration."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38","model":"collection","index":"24 3049/{'value': 3106, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"},"title":"CSU Dominguez Hills George and Mitzi Naohara Papers","description":"The George and Mitzi Naohara Papers consists of photo albums and scrapbooks compiled by George and Mitzi Naohara, and other documents pertaining to the Naohara and Masukawa family. Contained are photographs, correspondence, documents, and memorabilia depicting their experiences during World War II. George Nobuo Naohara is a Kibei Nisei, and his experiences include his farm labor in Idaho and Utah, incarceration in the Manzanar, Jerome, and Tule Lake camps, and the U.S. Army language school training and Korean War. He also engaged in Buddhist activities for his whole life and there are moving images depicting Gardena Buddhist Church activities after the war. Mitzi Masukawa Naohara was a preschool teacher at the Poston camp, Arizona, and also a member of a young Nisei women's club, \"Sigma Debs.” Her collected materials depict her life as a teacher and social events in the Poston camp during the war.","extent":"5.20 linear feet","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, Mitzi, 1923-"}],"language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","public":"1","rights":"nocc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author \nNaohara, Mitzi, 1923- author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-2-mezzanine-d47a6b93d2-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"manzanar","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}