{"total":5019,"limit":25,"offset":4950,"prev_offset":4925,"next_offset":4975,"page_size":25,"this_page":199,"num_this_page":25,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=japan&limit=25&offset=4925","next_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=japan&limit=25&offset=4975","objects":[{"id":"120","model":"narrator","index":"0 4950/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/120/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/120/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ttomiye.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ttomiye.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/120/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tomiye Terasaki","bio":"Kibei female. Born October 5, 1910, in San Francisco, California. At age three, sent to live with grandfather and receive education in Fukuoka, Japan. After high school, temporarily moved to Tokyo and assisted family-owned business. In 1929, returned to U.S. to join parents in Sacramento. After arranged marriage to Mr. Tadao Sakita, moved to Los Angeles, raised three children and jointly ran a successful cafe. Returned to Sacramento after the bombing of Pearl Harbor to be with family in 1942, until all persons of Japanese ancestry were removed from West Coast. Gave birth to a son while at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After the war, returned to Los Angeles, and converted to Christianity. Remarried to Mr. Terasaki after first husband's death. At the time of the interview, Mrs. Terasaki resided in Los Angeles, making and repairing Japanese calligraphy scrolls."},{"id":"103","model":"narrator","index":"1 4951/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/103/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/103/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wharvey.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wharvey.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/103/interviews/"},"display_name":"Harvey Watanabe","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 7, 1919, in Exeter, California. Spent prewar childhood in Visalia, California. Drafted prior to World War II. Served in an activated National Guard unit at Fort Lewis, Washington. When World War II broke out, he and all the other Nisei servicemen at Fort Lewis were sent inland. About twenty, Harvey included, went to Fort Hayes, Columbus, Ohio. Recruited for the Military Intelligence Service and trained at the Military Intelligence Language School at Camp Savage, Minnesota. Sent overseas to serve in the Allied Translator and Interpreter Section (ATIS) of General MacArthur's headquarters in Australia, Manila and Japan. Assisted in negotiating the surrender of Japanese troops in Manila. Managed the Dai Ichi Hotel in Tokyo for headquarters staff. Later served in the Korean War. Resettled in Seattle, Washington and worked for the Boeing Company."},{"id":"ddr-njpa-4-1028","model":"entity","index":"2 4952/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-4-1028/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-4-1028/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-1028-master-012a52051e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-1028-master-012a52051e-a.jpg"},"title":"Short article regarding a judo champion","description":"Article text [translation]: \"Supervisor, 6th-grade in Judo, born in Akita, 33 years old. The golden age which the Meiji University Judo Club experienced before was obtained with his power. Can it be said it is an odd chance of fortune that this time he is the coach of the same Judo club which is commemorating the outstanding records of their championship in the all-Japan high school competition with an overseas tour? Last year he was recommended by this team to compete in Japan's national upper level competition. In the Tokyo region's preliminary contest of the 2nd ward, he won the victory from a crowd of powerful players and received a title in Tokyo, and also in the 2nd ward (Tokyo, Chiba, Saitama, Kanagawa). After competing day after day, he took him on for the final battle of the upper level and, after a fight full of sparks, he took \"a half point\" but gave the victory to his opponent and drank a thousand laments. He hadn't had a match in America, but it would be a great opportunity this time, under good conditions.\"","extent":"6.5W x 1.75H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-4-1028","format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Makino, Masanobu"}],"contributor":"Hawaii Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"clipping","creation":"31-Oct-31","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Makino, Masanobu","download_large":"ddr-njpa-4-1028-master-012a52051e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-23-8","model":"entity","index":"3 4953/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-23-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-23-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-23/ddr-csujad-23-8-mezzanine-1cd113cff7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-23/ddr-csujad-23-8-mezzanine-1cd113cff7-a.jpg"},"title":"Masonite","description":"Oil Painting no. 1 of 2 \"Masonite\" by Geichiro Kare Kuramatsu. Geichiro (Ernest) Kare Kuramatsu was born in Japan in 1885 to a Russian mother and Japanese father. The family moved to Canada, and Ernest saw combat while serving with the Canadian Army in France during World War I. He completed this oil painting in 1943 while incarcerated at the Granada (Amache) camp. Mr. Kuramatsu received art training at the University of Minnesota and was living near Carmel, California and working with noted seascape artist Paul Dougherty at the outbreak of WW II. Following Franklin D. Roosevelt's issuance of Executive Order 9066 in Feb. 1942, Kuramatsu was confined at the Merced Assembly Center and then sent to Amache in the southeastern desert of Colorado. At Amache, he lived next door to Henry and Ann Fujita from Petaluma, California. Ann was an amateur artist who admired Kuramatsu's work. He presented these two oil paintings to her as gifts in 1943. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/574\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lp028-08-007</a>","extent":"color, 15.5 x 20.3 cm","links_children":"ddr-csujad-23-8","creators":[{"role":"artist","namepart":"Kuramatsu, Geichiro Kare"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts -- Painting","id":"265"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Sonoma State University Library, Rohnert Park, California","rights":"nocc","genre":"painting","location":"Amache, Colorado","facility":[{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"circa 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kuramatsu, Geichiro Kare artist","download_large":"ddr-csujad-23-8-mezzanine-1cd113cff7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-23-6","model":"entity","index":"4 4954/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-23-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-23-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-23/ddr-csujad-23-6-mezzanine-e2354a5456-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-23/ddr-csujad-23-6-mezzanine-e2354a5456-a.jpg"},"title":"Masonite","description":"Oil Painting no. 2 of 2 \"Masonite\" by Geichiro Kare Kuramatsu. Geichiro (Ernest) Kare Kuramatsu was born in Japan in 1885 to a Russian mother and Japanese father. The family moved to Canada, and Ernest saw combat while serving with the Canadian Army in France during World War I. He completed this oil painting in 1943 while incarcerated at the Granada (Amache) camp. Mr. Kuramatsu received art training at the University of Minnesota and was living near Carmel, California and working with noted seascape artist Paul Dougherty at the outbreak of WW II. Following Franklin D. Roosevelt's issuance of Executive Order 9066 in Feb. 1942, Kuramatsu was confined at the Merced Assembly Center and then sent to Amache in the southeastern desert of Colorado. At Amache, he lived next door to Henry and Ann Fujita from Petaluma, California. Ann was an amateur artist who admired Kuramatsu's work. He presented these two oil paintings to her as gifts in 1943. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/572\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lp028-08-005</a>","extent":"color, 15.4 x 20.3 cm","links_children":"ddr-csujad-23-6","creators":[{"role":"artist","namepart":"Kuramatsu, Geichiro Kare"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts -- Painting","id":"265"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Sonoma State University Library, Rohnert Park, California","rights":"nocc","genre":"painting","location":"Amache, Colorado","facility":[{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"circa 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kuramatsu, Geichiro Kare artist","download_large":"ddr-csujad-23-6-mezzanine-e2354a5456-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-12-27","model":"entity","index":"5 4955/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-12-27/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-12-27/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-12/ddr-csujad-12-27-mezzanine-473f8f8d59-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-12/ddr-csujad-12-27-mezzanine-473f8f8d59-a.jpg"},"title":"Attached answers to affidavit questions","description":"This item contains the more in-depth answers to questions on the affidavit that Tsugitada Kanamori submitted. In these extended answers to questions about Kanamori's repatriation to Japan and his refusal to pledge allegiance to the United States, he discusses his fear of violence and desire to keep his family together which resulted in his answering of \"no\" to the the Loyalty Questionnaire in Poston. He also discusses his marriage to Grace Kazuko Miyamoto in the Tule Lake camp in March 1944 and briefly explains that his father was  first brought to the Santa Fe Department of Justice Camp, while the rest of his family was first brought to Poston. Eventually they were all moved to the Tule Lake incarceration camp.  Kanamori wanted to apply for \"relocation\" but was coerced by his family and fearful of violence outside of the camp, thus resulting in him remaining in camp with the rest of his family. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/7060\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tsu_01_08_002</a>","extent":"3 pages, 13 x 8.5 inches, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-12-27","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Kanamori, Tsugitada"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- Registration and the \"loyalty questionnaire\"","id":"85"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Renunciation of citizenship","id":"87"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship","id":"1"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"essay","facility":[{"term":"Santa Fe","id":"27"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"},{"term":"Poston (Colorado River)","id":"2"}],"status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kanamori, Tsugitada author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-12-27-mezzanine-473f8f8d59-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-137","model":"entity","index":"6 4956/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-137/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-137/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-137-mezzanine-ffca0f2f7c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-137-mezzanine-ffca0f2f7c-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Ayame Okine to Mr. and Mrs. Okine, March 6, 1946 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Ayame Okine in Chicago, Illinois to her parents-in-law, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine in Hawthorne, California. In the letter, she describes her new job, making women's leather purses. She packs merchandise into boxes for shipping, earning 65 cents per hour. At work, there are only 12 Japanese workers and other workers are all African Americans. She concludes that American people would be able to be nicer to the Japanese if not occupied by too many Japanese. She also writes about their Japanese friends that she unexpectedly reunites with in Chicago and updates of her husband, Makoto Okine, who is stationed in Japan and works as a truck driver for the U.S. Army. She also expresses her concerns about Hatsuno who is separated from her husband and left alone in California as well as her father-in-law's health condition. The arrival date of the letter, March 11, 1946, is recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/6779\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oki_01_59_001</a>","extent":"3 pages, 8 x 10 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-137","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Ayame May"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Industry and employment","id":"5"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Chicago, Illinois","creation":"3/6/1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Ayame May author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-137-mezzanine-ffca0f2f7c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-2","model":"entity","index":"7 4957/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 21 No. 20","description":"Selected article titles: \"Navy Opens Ranks to Japanese Americans\" (p. 1), \"Sgt. Ben Kuroki to Speak on \"Town Meeting of the Air\"\" (p. 1), \"1000 Tule Lake Renunciants Enter Suit to Regain Rights\" (p. 1), \"Evacuee Group Leaves Seattle for Hawaii\" (p. 1), \"Native Sons Want Relocation Camps to be Kept Open\" (p. 1), \"Southern Pacific Railroad Takes Stand Against Racial Intolerance in Placer County\" (p. 2), \"Tule Lake Ex-Citizens File Suits to Regain U.S. Rights\" (p. 2), \"California Files Escheat Suit In Fresno Area\" (p. 2), \"WRA Closes Heart Mountain, Gila Centers\" (p. 3), \"Arizona Camp Emptied Before Deadline Date\" (p. 3), \"Order Closing of Cooperative at Tule Lake Center\" (p. 3), \"Wyoming Relocation Camp Now Empty, Deserted as Last Train Leaves With 205 for California\" (p. 3), \"Police Guard Evacuee Train At San Jose\" (p. 3), \"California Ready to Pay Claims to Evacuee Farmers\" (p. 3), \"Washington News-Letter: Nisei Reveals Experiences of Job-Hunting in Washington\" (p. 5), \"From the Des Moines Register: Iowa Has Accorded Welcome To Displaced Coast Nisei\" (p. 5), \"New York Committee Will Back Japan People's Government\" (p. 6), \"2000 Evacuees Leave Colorado For West Coast\" (p. 8).","extent":"1422W x 2077H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-2","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"17-Nov-45","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-17","model":"entity","index":"8 4958/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg"},"title":"George Sakaye Nakano Interview","description":"George Sakaye Nakano was born on November 24, 1935, in the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. George's parents were Kibei, born in Hawaii, then educated in Japan before returning to the U.S. Nakano grew up in Los Angeles until he was six years old. When WWII started, the Nakano family was incarcerated in the concentration camps at Jerome, Arkansas, and Tule Lake, California. After the war, the Nakanos resettled in Norwalk and then East Los Angeles. Nakano graduated from John H. Francis Polytechnic High School in 1954 and worked at Hughes Aircraft while attending evening classes at El Camino College in Torrance and California State University, Los Angeles, where he earned his bachelor's degree in mathematics and his master's degree in education. Nakano was the first Japanese American elected to the Torrance City Council in 1984 and served four terms until he was elected to the California State Assembly in 1998. At the time of this interview, he was finishing his second four-year term.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"2:49:32","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","id":592,"namepart":"George Sakaye Nakano"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Albert Muratsuchi"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"May 16, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Sakaye Nakano narrator \nAlbert Muratsuchi interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-17-1-mezzanine-3162fb3644-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-1102","model":"entity","index":"9 4959/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-1102/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-1102/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-1102-mezzanine-56a0c26fb0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-1102-mezzanine-56a0c26fb0-a.jpg"},"title":"Clipping regarding Wang Jingwei","description":"Caption on front [translation]: \"His Real Name is Wang Zhaoming. Called Jingwei. Central Figure of New Central Government. The name Wang Zhaoming has been appearing in our newspapers daily as the central figure of the new Chinese central government. As he is also known by the name Wang Jingwei, we've been receiving questions as to whether Wang Zhaoming and Wang Jingwei are different people. His real name is Wang Zhaoming and Jingwei is his courtesy name. According to Heibonsha's encyclopedia, 'a courtesy name is a commonly used nickname. The custom of using a courtesty name when exchanging names is originally Chinese. As it is thought disrespectful to use someone's real name, people usually use courtesy names when referring to each other. When this custom entered Japan in the Heian era, the registrar of the Monjoin used the courtesy name of each student in its registry when they entered schools. Before long Confucianists came to always use this name and it effectively became their usual name. As Confucianism spread during the Tokugawa period, many came to use them. Such names have of course ceased to be used following the Meiji Restoration.' [Stamped] January 9, 1940.\"","extent":"5.75W x 3.25H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-1-1102","format":"img","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Wang, Jingwei"}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","creation":"January 9, 1940","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Wang, Jingwei","download_large":"ddr-njpa-1-1102-mezzanine-56a0c26fb0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-132","model":"entity","index":"10 4960/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-132/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-132/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ygeorge-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ygeorge-01-a.jpg"},"title":"George Yoshida Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born April 9, 1922, in Seattle, Washington. Parents immigrated from Japan in the early 1900s. Attended Bailey Gatzert Elementary School and Washington Middle School in Seattle before his family moved to East Los Angeles in 1936. Incarcerated in Poston Detention Camp #1, Arizona, in April 1942. While in camp, helped organize the \"Music Makers,\" a dance band. Left Poston for Chicago in 1943, and was drafted into the U.S. Army. Underwent basic training in the armored (tank) corps at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and was subsequently assigned to the Military Intelligence Language School at Fort Snelling, Minnesota. Married Helen Furuyama in 1945, and moved to Berkeley, California, and later to El Cerrito, a neighboring community. George earned his teaching credential and taught in the Berkeley School District for thirty-five years. He raised four children: Cole, Clay, Maia and Lian. Organized the J-Town Jazz Ensemble, a 17-piece swing band based in San Francisco, which performs at community events and festivals. Author of the book <i>Reminiscing in Swingtime: Japanese Americans in American Popular Music, 1925-1960</i>, published by the National Japanese American Historical Society, San Francisco, California.","extent":"03:49:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-132","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":126,"namepart":"George Yoshida"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"John Pai"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0122p80","namepart":"Yoshida, George"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"February 18, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Yoshida narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nJohn Pai interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer Yoshida, George 88922nr0122p80","download_large":"denshovh-ygeorge-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-21","model":"entity","index":"11 4961/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview","description":"Ben Kuroki, Nisei male. Born May 16, 1917, in Hershey, Nebraska. Admitted to the Army Air Corps and flew thirty missions in Europe in a B-24 as a tailgunner and top turret gunner. Earned two Distinguished Flying Crosses and was acclaimed as the first Nisei war hero. Spoke at Heart Mountain, Wyoming, and two other camps in order to help encourage draft recruitment. Subpoenaed as a witness in the conspiracy trial of Heart Mountain's Fair Play Committee leaders. Later became the only Nisei to service in active combat with the Air Corps in the Pacific Theater, and flew twenty-eight additional missions over Japan. After World War II, became the first Japanese American editor of a general newspaper in Nebraska, and later edited newspapers in suburban Michigan and Southern California.<p>(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, <i>Conscience and the Constitution</i>, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:22:47","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-21","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":163,"namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":169,"namepart":"Shige Kuroki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Camarillio, California","creation":"January 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki narrator \nShige Kuroki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-528","model":"entity","index":"12 4962/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-528/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-528/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-528-1-mezzanine-17f802a9d8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-528-1-mezzanine-17f802a9d8-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Interview I","description":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse.","extent":"3:10:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-528","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":1018,"namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Nina Wallace"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"February 3, 2023","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Abe narrator \nNina Wallace interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-528-1-mezzanine-17f802a9d8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-531","model":"entity","index":"13 4963/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-531/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-531/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-531-1-mezzanine-b370daf01b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-531-1-mezzanine-b370daf01b-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Interview III","description":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse.","extent":"2:25:16","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-531","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":1018,"namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Nina Wallace"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 17, 2023","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Abe narrator \nNina Wallace interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-531-1-mezzanine-b370daf01b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-530","model":"entity","index":"14 4964/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-530/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-530/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Interview II","description":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse.","extent":"2:46:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-530","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":1018,"namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Nina Wallace"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 14, 2023","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Abe narrator \nNina Wallace interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-356-199","model":"entity","index":"15 4965/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-356-199/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-356-199/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-199-mezzanine-9ea6d6a4a7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-199-mezzanine-9ea6d6a4a7-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter to Domoto Bros. Nursery","description":"Envelope addressed to Domoto Bros. postmarked Dec. 27, 1922 Santa Rosa, California. Stored in the envelope were two letters and three postcard.  First letter stored in envelope is to Mr. Domoto from K. Nagasawa of Santa Rosa dated Dec. 27, 1922.  The letter is an acknowledgment of a shipment of flowers as a gift, and a New Year's greeting.  The second letter is address to Mr. Domoto from K. Nagasawa dated April 5, 1928.  The letter acknowledges the shipment of several flowers to Sacramento and were used as a display for a 79th birthday.  First postcard dated Sept. 12, 1926, addressed to K. Domoto (Kanetaro Domoto) from K. Nagasawa, postmarked 15.9.12 (Taisho 15 - 1926).  Postcard is regarding a trip to a Hokkaido hot spring by railcar. The second postcard is dated July 10, 1926 to Mr. K. Domoto (Kanetaro Domoto) from K. Nagasawa postmarked 1.7.11 (Showa 1- 1926). Postcard is regarding the fist week of his trip to Japan.  Third postcard is dated Aug. 8, 1926 to K. Domoto (Kanetaro Domoto) from K. N. (K. Nagasawa) postmarked 15.8.9 (Taisho 15-1926).  The postcard is regarding his trip into Tokyo and an earthquake that happened on the 4th.","extent":"envelope: 5.5W x 3.625H; letter: 5.75W x 10H; letter 2: 5.5W x 7.125H;  postcard: 5.5W x 3.5H","links_children":"ddr-densho-356-199","topics":[{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Flower growers","id":"346"},{"term":"Community activities -- Travel","id":"332"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Domoto, Kanetaro"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Santa Rosa, California; Hokkaido, Japan; Tokyo, Japan","creation":"1922-1928","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Domoto, Kanetaro","download_large":"ddr-densho-356-199-mezzanine-9ea6d6a4a7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-356-219","model":"entity","index":"16 4966/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-356-219/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-356-219/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-219-mezzanine-78c3ec0c94-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-219-mezzanine-78c3ec0c94-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter to Yuri from Yoshito","description":"Envelope and letter addressed to Yuri Domoto from Yoshito Shibata.  In the letter Yoshito writes about the descriptions of the Assembly centers he's heard so far and how positive Yuri's description was, pending deployment to Japan, his friendship with fellow Nisei soldier Stg. Harry Fujita, his recent promotion to Tech Sgt.  He also describes a USO facilitated visit to a local family's home for dinner and the visits to local scenic areas and discussions of race. He continues the letter with a discussion of Japanese food he got from his family, a joke about the censors, and inquires after members of Yuri's family.  He informs Yuri about the location of several other Nisei soldiers, and his own family.  Discusses the possibility of various furlough trips around the South.  He inquires about recent rumors of Japanese Americans being moved to camps in Arkansas and if internees are being provided work or not and the possibility of gossip once everyone has settled in.  He concludes the letter by giving Yuri an address for Tak Negi in Colorado and asks her to share regards to her family.","extent":"envelope: 6.75W x 3.875H; letter 6W x 9H","links_children":"ddr-densho-356-219","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Shibata, Yoshito"}],"topics":[{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Living conditions","id":"62"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Impacts of incarceration","id":"408"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"206"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Social and recreational activities","id":"63"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Work and jobs","id":"208"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Shibata, Yoshito"},{"namepart":"Tsukada, Yuriko (Domoto)"},{"namepart":"Fujita, Harry"},{"namepart":"Hatakeda, George"},{"namepart":"Nakagawa, Jim"},{"namepart":"Domoto, Kaneji"},{"namepart":"Domoto, Sally (Fujii)"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Camp Crowder, Missouri","facility":[{"term":"Merced","id":"19"},{"term":"Maryville","id":"13"}],"creation":"6/3/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Shibata, Yoshito author Shibata, Yoshito \nTsukada, Yuriko (Domoto) \nFujita, Harry \nHatakeda, George \nNakagawa, Jim \nDomoto, Kaneji \nDomoto, Sally (Fujii)","download_large":"ddr-densho-356-219-mezzanine-78c3ec0c94-a.jpg"},{"id":"133","model":"narrator","index":"17 4967/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/133/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/133/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fmitsu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fmitsu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/133/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsu Fukui","bio":"Nisei female. Born September 21, 1911, in Seattle, Washington. Had a younger sister and three younger brothers. Father, Riichiro Fukano, employed by Oriental Trading Company as a bookkeeper in Seattle, before operating a dry cleaning business. Mother, Kiyono (Miyama) Fukano, a seamstress. Learned dressmaking from mother, and helped in the shop. Family lived upstairs above the shop, in a neighborhood with few Japanese American families. Paternal grandfather and grandmother joined the household and lived with them for eleven years before returning to Japan. Father served many years as secretary of the Japanese Chamber of Commerce. Mother served as president of Buddhist Women's Association. Graduated from Lincoln High School in 1930, attended University of Washington one year, and attended school in Japan one year. While living in Fukuoka Ken, served as interpreter for Charles Lindbergh, Yasha Heifetz, and other notable visitors. Married William Owari Fukui, an Issei, in 1936. Husband also in dry cleaning business. Son born 1939. Moved back to parents' house, along with her husband and son, in order to be together with her mother and brothers, when incarcerated in Puyallup Assembly Center in May, 1942. Father had been picked up earlier by FBI, after December 7, 1941, detained and interned separately. Incarcerated in Minidoka concentration camp. Son attended nursery school in Minidoka while she and husband worked. Released on indefinite leave in 1944 with husband and son, to relocate in Detroit, MI. Car vandalized and burglarized in Minidoka camp, during their drive back to Seattle in 1945. Protested lack of assistance from Minidoka concentration camp staff. With husband, started another dry cleaning business in Seattle, overcoming discrimination in financing. Retired from dry cleaning business. Did volunteer work for Children's Hospital in Seattle for over 30 years and provided home care for two and a half years for her husband who suffered from a severe stroke. After his death, she provided volunteer services at Seattle Keiro for six and a half years."},{"id":"101","model":"narrator","index":"18 4968/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/101/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/101/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uben.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uben.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/101/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ben Uyeno","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 30, 1918, in Yakima, Washington. Spent two years of childhood in Japan. Returned to Seattle and became an active participant in Japanese American community life. Was attending the University of Washington when World War II started. Avoided incarceration with the help of the Friends (a Quaker organization), which hid him and helped him enroll in another university. He eventually entered medical school. Later he became a captain in the U.S. Army and served as a MASH doctor in Korea, where he was trained on one of the first kidney machines. Returned to Seattle and helped pioneer the first kidney dialysis program in the United States. Became the first Japanese American Chief of Staff at Providence Hospital in Seattle. Established a private practice that faithfully served the area's Japanese American community for thirty-two years. Helped establish and develop the Keiro nursing home (now operated as part of Nikkei Concerns)."},{"id":"1046","model":"narrator","index":"19 4969/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1046/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1046/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-34_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-34_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1046/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kyle Kinoshita","bio":"In this interview, Brent Sato and Joy Misako St. Germain interviewed Dr. Kyle Kinoshita to discuss Kinoshita's mother's, the late Cherry Kinoshita and Kyle Kinoshita's contributions to the JACL and the JA community. \"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize,\" could well have been Cherry Kinoshita's mantra. She was the linchpin in the Seattle JACL and National JACL's effort to achieve redress for the WWII injustices wrought upon Japanese Americans. Densho described her as one of the \"Five Bad Ass Japanese American Women that You Probably Didn't Learn About in History Class.\" A tireless, indefatigable fighter, she was also a gentle thoughtful strategist. Cherry Kinoshita was a recipient of a 2004 Washington State Jefferson Award, as well as awards from National JACL and the Emperor of Japan, bestowed by Seattle's Japanese consulate. Her son, Dr. Kyle Kinoshita, continued his mother's quest for social justice and equity in his profession in the education field and his ongoing volunteer work in a myriad of community activities."},{"id":"ddr-one-5-232","model":"entity","index":"20 4970/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-232/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-232/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-232-mezzanine-cd0ea81f91-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-232-mezzanine-cd0ea81f91-a.jpg"},"title":"Typed and notarized letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis, Director, Enemy Alien Control Unit. Page 5 of 13.","description":"Photocopy of a typed letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis concerning the rehearing of Keizaburo Koyama's case. Mrs. Koyama details the efforts she and others have made on behalf of her husband. While her husband was incarcerated at Camp Livingston, Louisiana, Mrs. Koyama submitted numerous documents pertaining to her husband's educational history in the United States. She then found out that the Immigration and Naturalization Bureau did not have these documents and Mrs. Koyama had to turn back to Mrs. A.C. Goodenough to gather them up again. Mrs. Koyama heard from her husband that the Immigration and Naturalization Bureau was able to confirm his status as a legal resident due to a law from 1924. He was also able to track down the whereabouts of the stowaway. His name was Seizaburo Koyama and had returned to Japan several years prior. This was confirmed by the stowaway's brother who happened to be at the same camp as Keizaburo Koyama. After being transferred to Santa Fe, New Mexico, authorities urged Mr. Koyama to fully detail his story, which he did. At this point, Mrs. Koyama asks pointedly why the FBI did not investigate her husband's status at any time prior to the 1942 raids.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-232","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Family reunification","id":"527"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Teru"},{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"},{"namepart":"Immigration and Naturalization Service"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Portland","id":"289"},{"term":"New Mexico","id":"502"},{"term":"Montana","id":"498"},{"term":"Idaho","id":"491"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"},{"term":"Santa Fe","id":"27"},{"term":"Fort Missoula","id":"30"},{"term":"Fort Sill","id":"40"},{"term":"Camp Livingston","id":"55"}],"creation":"11/29/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author Koyama, Teru \nKoyama, Keizaburo \nEnnis, Edward J. \nFederal Bureau of Investigation \nImmigration and Naturalization Service","download_large":"ddr-one-5-232-mezzanine-cd0ea81f91-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-28","model":"entity","index":"21 4971/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-28/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-28/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-28-mezzanine-c8facb0620-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-28-mezzanine-c8facb0620-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 45, No. 2 (July 12, 1957)","description":"Select article titles: \"House group recommends temp'y farm labor plan be continued: 'No ill effects' on domestic labor market recorded\" (p. 1); \"JACL Campaign Against Anti-Nisei Films on TV Circularized by NARBT\" (p. 1); \"Small Claims Court Hears Civil Right Cases\" (p. 1); \"$86,550 damage suit filed in traffic death of Sakamoto\" (p. 1); \"Mr. Moto, Nisei in 'Stopover: Tokyo' novel to be missing in film version\" (p. 1); \"Ambassador Praises Nisei Return of Sword\" (p. 1); \"Wholesale visit to U.S. of Japanese politicians with Kishi rapped as waste of tax money; Tokyo seethes in mud-slinging on mission\" (p. 2); \"PC Japan Bureau chief to visit U.S. during global tour\" (p. 2); \"Painting with sumi proves popular as education TV station send 1000th set\" (p. 2); \"International Nisei businessmen's meet in Tokyo Oct. 23-26\" (p.3); \"Nisei semanticist in headlines again, high-powered autos seen as sex symbol\" (p. 3); \"JACL endowment fund reaches $98,000 see increase as gov't checks for recent payment of evacuation claims being mailed\" (p. 5); \"Pen-pal letter starts Detroit housewife to build church, orphanage in Fukushima\" (p. 7); \"Senate action on civil rights bill due next Wed.\" (p. 8); \"Cincinnati Sansei Wins Direct Executive Call To Naval Academy\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-28","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil liberties","id":"233"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts -- Painting","id":"265"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Francisco","id":"273"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Japanese American identity","id":"47"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Sansei","id":"338"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture","id":"6"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Stereotypes","id":"161"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Mobilizing and organizing the community","id":"111"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Receiving redress checks and apology","id":"117"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"07/12/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-28-mezzanine-c8facb0620-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-160","model":"entity","index":"22 4972/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-160/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-160/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-160-mezzanine-9f86370c3d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-160-mezzanine-9f86370c3d-a.jpg"},"title":"George Naohara's handwritten note","description":"Handwritten note from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 15. George Nobuo Naohara details his experience after moving from Idaho to Utah. He was a farm labor for sugar beets farm at Norman Johnson in Utah but was working in a hotel as a dish washer during the winter. He and his friend, Tadashi Sakaida, visited Tadashi's girlfriend, Kimiko Hiratsuka, who resided in Colorado. However Kimiko's parents did not approve their relationship because of the family origins: The Hiratsuka family was originated from a Samurai family while Tadashi was from a peasant family. Tadashi was heartbroken and decided to return to the Manznar camp in California to join his family while George moved to the Jerome camp in Arkansas. Due to the closure of the Jerome camp, George was transferred to Tule Lake in California, with his friend, Atsushi Art Ishida. During his stay in the Tule Lake, Japan surrendered the war. He signed up for the leave for Chicago with Atsushi Art Ishida and found a job at International Harvest Co. which manufactured the parts of farm tractors. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/15667\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">nao_01_015</a>","extent":"1 page, 8 x 8.75 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-160","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","facility":[{"term":"Jerome","id":"6"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"status":"completed","search_hidden":"Naohara, George, 1919-2014 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-160-mezzanine-9f86370c3d-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-12","model":"entity","index":"23 4973/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-12/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-12-mezzanine-3a68e1d791-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-12-mezzanine-3a68e1d791-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 22 No. 5","description":"Selected article titles: \"California Demands Federal Government Maintain Financial Responsibility for Evacuees\" (p. 1), \"Window Smashed in Penryn Store Opened by Nisei Ex-GI\" (p. 1), \"Deportation Cases Will Be Handled by International Institute\" (p. 1), \"Hearing on Thirty Deportation Cases Postponed, Says Wirin\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Specialists Worked Behind Lines in Japan\" (p. 1), \"The Alien Land Cases: State of California Pushes Program to Grab Nisei Lands\" (p. 1), \"Minors Who Refused to Renounce Rights to Get State Care\" (p. 1), \"Los Angeles Lawyer Vote on Admitting Non-Whites to Group\" (p. 1), \"Old Law is Instrument for Big California Land Grab\" (p. 2), \"16 Thousand Evacuees Back in L.A. Area\" (p. 2), \"War Prisoner Backs Rights of Canada's Japanese Americans\" (p. 2), \"California Terrorist Admits Shooting Into Homes of Two Japanese American Families\" (p. 2), \"Repatriates Wish They Were Back in U.S.\" (p. 3), \"Canada Seeks Court Verdict on Deportation\" (p. 3), \"Minidoka Camp Will Cease Operations\" (p. 3), \"Two Sisters Who Aided Nazi POWs Returning home\" (p. 3), \"Washington News-Letter: Seek Creation of New Agency To Carry on WRA's Functions\" (p. 5), \"The Fallacy of Race: Wider Range of Relationships Has Emerged From the War\" (p. 5), \"Report Santa Clara County Now Has Largest Percentage of Returned Evacuee Group\" (p. 8).","extent":"1389W x 2032H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-12","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"2-Feb-46","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-12-mezzanine-3a68e1d791-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-37-673","model":"entity","index":"24 4974/{'value': 5019, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-37-673/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-37-673/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-37/ddr-densho-37-673-mezzanine-0c5bc3c2b0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-37/ddr-densho-37-673-mezzanine-0c5bc3c2b0-a.jpg"},"title":"Family outside barracks","description":"Original WRA caption: Sakamoto family picture on golden wedding anniversary of Joseph Gerald Osamu Sakamoto and Mary Ann Tsuchi Sakamoto, both 80, at the Minidoka Relocation Center on December 11, 1943. Married in Japan, they came to the U.S. in 1894. Mr. Sakamoto was an early Seattle hotel proprietor. His son, James Y. Sakamoto, 40, is pictured with his family, Marietta Misao, wife, 37; Marie Mineyo, 11, Marcia Tsuyumi, 6, and Justine Denice, 8 months daughters. James Sakamoto, a U.S. citizen, attended Franklin high school in Seattle and studied at Princeton University in 1921 and 1922. He took up boxing and fought from ban tom weight to junior lightweight. He was probably the first person of Japanese ancestry to fight in Madison Square Garden. His left eye was injured and in 1927 in a fight in Utica, NY his right eye was blinded due to detachment of the retina.  He returned to Seattle when he lost his sight entirely. Having done newspaper work in New York as English Editor of the Japanese-American, he turned to journalism in Seattle and on January 1, 1928 started publishing the Japanese-American Courier, first Japanese-American newspaper printed entirely in English. He is a past president of the Japanese American Citizens League.","links_children":"ddr-densho-37-673","format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"11-Dec-43","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-37-673-mezzanine-0c5bc3c2b0-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"japan","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}