(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:53:32","links_children":"ddr-janm-13-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":183,"namepart":"Wally Yonamine"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Art Hansen"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"John Esaki"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Akira Boch"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honolulu, Hawaii","creation":"December 16, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Wally Yonamine narrator \nArt Hansen interviewer \nJohn Esaki interviewer \nAkira Boch videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ywally-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-366","model":"entity","index":"1 4826/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-366/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-366/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymits-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ymits-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Mits Yamasaki Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born February 3, 1924, in Caldwell, Idaho. In the early 1930s, sent with brothers to live in the Shonien orphanage in Los Angeles after mother develops tuberculosis. Remained in Shonien until the onset of World War II. During the war, removed with a friend's family to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Left camp to live and work in Chicago, Illinois, and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan during the U.S. occupation.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:53:45","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-366","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":608,"namepart":"Mits Yamasaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014397w","namepart":"Yamasaki, Mitsuru"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 19, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mits Yamasaki narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Yamasaki, Mitsuru 88922nr014397w","download_large":"denshovh-ymits-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-461","model":"entity","index":"2 4827/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-461/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-461/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-461-1-mezzanine-440a0b90d7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-461-1-mezzanine-440a0b90d7-a.jpg"},"title":"Ronald Ikejiri Interview","description":"Sansei male. Born December 3, 1948, in Los Angeles, California. During World War II, parents had been incarcerated at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Father signed 'no-no' on the so-called 'loyalty questionnaire', renounced U.S. citizenship, and was sent to the Department of Justice camp at Bismarck, North Dakota. Family did not end up expatriating to Japan, and reunited instead at the Crystal City camp in Texas. After leaving camp, returned to California and started a gardening business in Gardena, California. Ronald attended UCLA and then graduated from the Northrop University School of Law. In the late 1970s, took a position as the Washington representative for the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and worked during the redress movement. Elected to the Gardena City Council in 2001.","extent":"3:04:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-461","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":909,"namepart":"Ronald Ikejiri"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"6-Feb-19","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ronald Ikejiri narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-461-1-mezzanine-440a0b90d7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-193","model":"entity","index":"3 4828/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-193/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-193/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-osam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-osam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Ogo Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born September 1, 1919, in Millwood, Washington, where father worked for SP&S railroad. After serious injury, father quit the railroad and moved family to Spokane, Washington, where they operated numerous hotels. Sent to Japan with siblings in 1933 to attend school. Was only one in the family to return to the U.S. three years later. Brother served in a non-combat position for the Japanese navy during World War II. Operated a produce farm until the 1960s when the state purchased the land to build a freeway. Worked at Crescent Department Store until retirement.
(This interview was conducted as part of a project to capture stories of the Japanese American community of Spokane, Washington. Densho worked in collaboration with the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture.)","extent":"01:11:03","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-193","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":218,"namepart":"Sam Ogo"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Megan Asaka"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"April 25, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Ogo narrator \nMegan Asaka interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-osam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-1779","model":"entity","index":"4 4829/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1779/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-1779/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1779-mezzanine-2b6f09bc26-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1779-mezzanine-2b6f09bc26-a.jpg"},"title":"Interview with Nobuo Yamashita, part 4 of 5","description":"Yamashita discusses helping prisoners of war avoid execution, the execution of General Yamashita, how he dealt with the more difficult parts of service, the difference between the Japanese soldiers he fought in New Guinea and the Philippines, why he didn't want to serve in Japan during the occupation, staying in contact with his family in Manzanar during the war, visiting Manzanar in furlough, discrimination in the army, the food he ate during service, his family's move to Detroit after Manzanar, his difficulty finding a job after the war, and sending money to his family during service. Loni Ding can be heard asking questions behind the camera. Original title: II LA #57, 7-26-85, Yamashita IV. Interview continues at ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1780/","extent":"00:19:11","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-1779","creators":[{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ding, Loni"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Yamashita, Nobuo"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Film -- Documentaries","id":"251"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Prisoners of war","id":"445"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Yamashita, Nobuo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"July 26, 1985","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ding, Loni interviewer \nYamashita, Nobuo interviewee Yamashita, Nobuo","download_large":"ddr-densho-1007-1779-mezzanine-2b6f09bc26-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-1799","model":"entity","index":"5 4830/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1799/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-1799/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1799-mezzanine-4c338a9d33-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/ddr-densho-1007-1799-mezzanine-4c338a9d33-a.jpg"},"title":"Interview with Paul Minerich, Tim Nomiyama, Masao Kataoka, and Kenjiro Hayakawa, part 2 of 8","description":"From left to right: Minerich, Nomiyama, Kataoka, Hayakawa. Minerich discusses the urgency of the DB Boys case. Nomiyama and Kataoka discuss whether they thought their court martials would ever be reversed. Kataoka discusses growing up in LA, meeting Edmund Zane in high school, how the two became friends, how Zane picked up the legal case of the DB Boys, spending time in Japan as a child, returning to the US in 1937, being drafted in 1941, and his early service in the US. Interview starts at 0:33. Loni Ding can be heard asking questions behind the camera. Original title: II RES/PRO #10, UCLA Minerich, Nomiyama, Kataoka, Hayakawa, 6/1/86, Roll 10. Interview continues at ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-1800/","extent":"00:22:23","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-1799","creators":[{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ding, Loni"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Minerich, Paul"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Nomiyama, Tim"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Kataoka, Masao"},{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"Hayakawa, Kenjiro"}],"topics":[{"term":"Arts and literature -- Performing arts -- Film -- Documentaries","id":"251"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Draft resistance","id":"95"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Minerich, Paul"},{"namepart":"Nomiyama, Tim"},{"namepart":"Kataoka, Masao"},{"namepart":"Hayakawa, Kenjiro"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"June 1, 1986","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ding, Loni interviewer \nMinerich, Paul interviewee \nNomiyama, Tim interviewee \nKataoka, Masao interviewee \nHayakawa, Kenjiro interviewee Minerich, Paul \nNomiyama, Tim \nKataoka, Masao \nHayakawa, Kenjiro","download_large":"ddr-densho-1007-1799-mezzanine-4c338a9d33-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-119-46","model":"entity","index":"6 4831/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-119-46/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-119-46/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-46-mezzanine-5806f0b0c2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-46-mezzanine-5806f0b0c2-a.jpg"},"title":"Minidoka Irrigator Vol. III No. 19 (July 3, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Newsmen See Hunt During 'Open House'\" (p. 1), \"Myer Orders Project Payroll Cut. 2900 Job Quota Set\" (p. 1), \"Stafford Declines Resignation of Commission\" (p. 1), \"Nine Volunteers Wait Army Call\" (p. 1), \"Pay, Timekeeping Process Clarified\" (p. 1), \"Dies Committee Demands Reorganization of WRA\" (p. 1), \"Resolution Asks Pacific Coast 'Leadership' Aid\" (p. 2), \"Stafford Answers Jerome C. of C.\" (p. 2), \"SOS! More Farm Workers Needed!\" (p. 2), \"Volunteer Fire Crew Lends Valuable Service\" (p. 3), \"Stafford Clarifies Charges by Boise Legion Official\" (p. 3), \"Masaoka to be First Witness in Dies' Investigation\" (p. 3), \"Common People of Japan Friendly to U.S., Says Grew\" (p. 3), \"Segregation Inevitable\" (p. 4), \"They Report From Camp Savage\" (p. 4), \"Our Boys in the Service. Notes from Camp Shelby, Mississippi\" (p. 6).","extent":"1596W x 2065H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-119-46","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Minidoka Irrigator","id":"173"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"July 3, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-119-46-mezzanine-5806f0b0c2-a.jpg"},{"id":"209","model":"narrator","index":"7 4832/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/209/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/209/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hhideo.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hhideo.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/209/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hideo Hoshide","bio":"Nisei male. Born September 25, 1917, in Tacoma, Washington. Grew up in Tacoma except for living in Japan for several years at age four. Attended the University of Washington in Seattle, majoring in Political Science, Far Eastern Studies, with a minor in journalism. Prior to World War II, worked as sports editor for community newspaper, The Japanese American Courier. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed along with wife to Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Had a daughter in Tule Lake, and then moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Recruited to work for the U.S. Army's Office of Strategic Services (OSS), was drafted, and trained in India. After the end of the war, was sent to Hiroshima, Japan, to conduct a U.S. government survey studying the effects of the atomic bomb on Japanese citizens. Returned to Seattle in 1946 and was the associate editor for another community newspaper, The Northwest Times. Worked for the Boeing Company postwar while raising a family. Was a founding member of the Seattle Nisei Veterans Committee, working on the group's newsletter for thirty years."},{"id":"197","model":"narrator","index":"8 4833/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/197/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/197/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/imitsu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/imitsu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/197/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsu Ito","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 20, 1924, in Mission, British Columbia, Canada. Grew up in Mission, attending school and helping on family farm. Left home to work several jobs, including in a sawmill and on a sugar beet farm. After World War II, moved to Japan, worked as an interpreter for the British Army, and got married. Moved to Toronto, Canada, in the 1950s and raised two sons. In later life, active in Toronto's Japanese Canadian community, and was involved with charitable foundations."},{"id":"315","model":"narrator","index":"9 4834/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/315/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/315/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kjun.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kjun.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/315/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jun Kurumada","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 13, 1913, in Richfield, Utah. Grew up primarily in Ogden, Utah. Attended the University of Utah and then UC Berkeley for dental school. Established a dental practice in Salt Lake City, Utah, prior to World War II. During the war, was president of the Salt Lake City chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League. After World War II, Dr. Kurumada served in the U.S. military in Japan before returning to Salt Lake City and continuing dental practice."},{"id":"571","model":"narrator","index":"10 4835/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/571/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/571/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/gjean.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/gjean.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/571/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jean Shiraki Gize","bio":"Nisei female. Born June 16, 1938, in Alameda, California. Was age three when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed with family to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, father volunteered for the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Mother answered an ad in the camp newspaper and moved with Jean to a ranch owned by the Duvenicks, a family known for their social justice activism. Eventually returned to the Oakland, California, area."},{"id":"608","model":"narrator","index":"11 4836/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/608/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/608/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ymits.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ymits.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/608/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mits Yamasaki","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 3, 1924, in Caldwell, Idaho. In the early 1930s, sent with brothers to live in the Shonien orphanage in Los Angeles after mother develops tuberculosis. Remained in Shonien until the onset of World War II. During the war, removed with a friend's family to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. Left camp to live and work in Chicago, Illinois, and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan during the U.S. occupation."},{"id":"761","model":"narrator","index":"12 4837/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/761/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/761/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/myoji.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/myoji.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/761/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yoji J. Matsushima","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 31, 1933, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, where parents ran a general merchandise store. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp for the East Coast because parents wanted to repatriate to Japan. Did not secure a place on the USS Gripsholm, so remained in the United States and went to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas. After the war, returned to Portland."},{"id":"783","model":"narrator","index":"13 4838/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/783/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/783/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tgus.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tgus.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/783/interviews/"},"display_name":"Gus Tanaka","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 3, 1923, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, where father was a physician in Japantown. Was attending college prior to World War II. During the war, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp to attend college before being drafted in 1944. Served in the Army Specialized Training Unit during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Returned to medical school after military service and became a physician practicing in Ontario, Oregon."},{"id":"299","model":"narrator","index":"14 4839/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/299/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/299/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/maya.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/maya.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/299/interviews/"},"display_name":"Aya Uenishi Medrud","bio":"Nisei female. Born April 9, 1925, in Malden, Washington. Grew up in Seattle, Washington, before being removed with family to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. From Minidoka, relocated with family to Utica, New York. Worked in Japan for the U.S. Army of Occupation, and for the Tokyo General Army Hospital during the Korean War. Married a U.S. Air Force officer and eventually moved to Boulder, Colorado. A Quaker and pacifist, Ms. Medrud continued her work with numerous civic organizations."},{"id":"454","model":"narrator","index":"15 4840/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/454/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/454/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hcharles.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hcharles.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/454/interviews/"},"display_name":"Charles Oihe Hamasaki","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 7, 1922, in Japan, while parents were visiting family. Came to the U.S. at three months old, and grew up in Terminal Island, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, picked up along with Issei father and taken to Fort Lincoln (Bismarck), North Dakota. Transferred from Fort Lincoln to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, then to the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. After leaving camp, worked in various places around the country before joining the Military Intelligence Service. Eventually returned to California."},{"id":"654","model":"narrator","index":"16 4841/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/654/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/654/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tkiwamu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tkiwamu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/654/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kiwamu \"Kiyo\" Tsuchida","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 2, 1923, in Auburn, Washington. Grew up in Auburn, where father worked for the Great Northern Railroad and the family also ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, Oregon. Family then transferred to the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Kiwamu left camp for Ogden, Utah, then volunteered for the Military Intelligence Service. Served in the Philippines, then as a liasion to General MacArthur and his family in Japan during the U.S. occupation."},{"id":"785","model":"narrator","index":"17 4842/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/785/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/785/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngiro.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngiro.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/785/interviews/"},"display_name":"Giro Nakagawa","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 13, 1921, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Kent, Washington, where parents ran a farm. In the 1930s, moved to South Bend, Washington, to work for the New Washington Oyster Company. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and soon left to work on farms in Utah for the Amalgamated Sugar Company. Drafted into the military and served with the Counterintelligence Corps in Japan during the U.S. occupation. After returning home, reestablished the oyster farm in South Bend."},{"id":"945","model":"narrator","index":"18 4843/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/945/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/945/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-12_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-12_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/945/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fumino Tsuchiya-Knox","bio":"Sansei female. Born February 20, 1945, at the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Prior to the war, her father, an Issei, was a curator at the Harding Museum in Chicago. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, her parents decided to volunteer to go early to Manzanar to help set up the camp. After leaving Manzanar, the family lived in California and then moved to Japan, where father worked for the U.S. Navy translating for the war crimes trials. They returned to Los Angeles where Fumino grew up."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-19-3","model":"entity","index":"19 4844/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-19-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-19-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-19/ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-19/ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg"},"title":"Excerpts from speech given at the University of Hawaii Forum, March 1943","description":"Excerpts from speech given at the University of Hawaii Forum, March 1943. The document presents three quoted passages from the speech, one concerning the role of people of \"the Japanese race\" in serving as liaisons who can provide the most reliable check on the morale, needs, and activities of \"the Japanese community\"; one comparing the United States's actions to \"give one of the enemy race a fair cha[n]ce to prove himself,\" as in Hawaii, to actions Himmler or Rosenberg would have undertaken; and one distinguishing \"Japan and her people\" from \"Americans of Japanese blood,\" saying that \"until they prove ... traitorous, they should be treated as Americans.\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: WRA_02-15_01","extent":"1 page, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-19-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fielder, Kendall J. (Kendall Jordan), 1893-1981"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"},{"term":"World War II -- Propaganda -- U.S. government propaganda","id":"170"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Northridge. University Library. Special Collections & Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Hawaii","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fielder, Kendall J. (Kendall Jordan), 1893-1981 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-19-3-mezzanine-d9d38ce84e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-21","model":"entity","index":"20 4845/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-21-mezzanine-b12690c4c8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-21-mezzanine-b12690c4c8-a.jpg"},"title":"Mess hall at Civilian Conservation Corps Camp","description":"Photographed is a mess hall at Civilian Conservation Corps Camp, Rupert, Idaho. Includes George Nobuo Naohara. The caption reads: The mess hall of C.C.C. Camp [Civilian Conservation Corps Camp] was well furnished with good kitchen appliances and tools. I was raised in Japan and did not know how to operate or use them, but I was able to figure it out. Senior people and the experienced people taught me how to cook. I was impressed by the facilities in America and admired the advanced lifestyle which was totally different from that of Issei strawberry pickers. [In Japanese]. Title from caption. A photo from \"George Naohara photo album\" (csudh_nao_0001), page 4. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_01_04_002","extent":"black and white, 6.5 x 5.5 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-21","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Work leave","id":"103"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Idaho","id":"491"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Farming","id":"345"}],"format":"img","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Rupert, Idaho","creation":"1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-21-mezzanine-b12690c4c8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-459","model":"entity","index":"21 4846/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-459/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-459/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-459-mezzanine-4750fc137c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-459-mezzanine-4750fc137c-a.jpg"},"title":"Geo testing the jeep","description":"Photographed is George Nobuo Naohara riding on a jeep. The English caption reads: Geo testing the jeep. It turned out to be usuable [usable]. Translation of the Japanese caption: I tried the jeep which Sasaki-kun found. I thought it could be usable. Asakura-kun used it for his work. He ordered gasoline periodically and added 2 1/4 ton of gasoline for other G-2's cars. I was assigned to a driver task and drove to G-2 Headquarter every night to submit reports to Capt. Meimo. Title from caption. The Item from: George Naohara scrapbook: Korean War and before leaving Japan (csudh_nao_0600). See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_04_035_004","extent":"black and white, 4 x 4 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-459","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"Korean War","id":"466"},{"term":"Military service","id":"296"}],"format":"img","contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"South Korea","creation":"1950-1951","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-459-mezzanine-4750fc137c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-256","model":"entity","index":"22 4847/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-256/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-256/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-256-mezzanine-6acafd780e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-256-mezzanine-6acafd780e-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Jokichi Yamanaka to Mr. S. Okine, May 17, 1948 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Jokichi Yamanaka in Hiroshima, Japan to his brother-in-law, Seiichi Okine. He thanks the Okines for the letter, the tobacco, and ajinomoto brought by the Nakano family. He also thanks Hatsuno Hotty Befu for the gifts. He informs that his daughter, Fumiko, has left for the U.S., but it is not clear when he is going to be permitted to return. The letter is resealed with the tape, \"OPENED BY MIL. CEN. CIVIL MAILS,\" and stamped with \"C.C.D. J-2967\" by the Civil Censorship Detachment. The arrival date of the letter, June 14, and replied date, 22, are recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_86_001","extent":"1 page, 8.25 x 13 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-256","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Yamanaka, Jokichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- The journey","id":"3"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hiroshima, Japan","creation":"5/17/1948","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yamanaka, Jokichi author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-256-mezzanine-6acafd780e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-275","model":"entity","index":"23 4848/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-275/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-275/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-275-mezzanine-9e2bf17674-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-275-mezzanine-9e2bf17674-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Miyuki [Matsuura] to Mr. and Mrs. S. Okine, July 12, 1952 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Miyuki Matsuura to her uncle and aunt, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. She updates on her crops, picking strawberries, and her fears that the recent cold weather would delay the growth of garlic. She also updates on Mr. Freitas's wedding gift that Seiichi Okine asked her to prepare. She bought a large plate and salad bowl in the same pattern, which she found at a discount in Whittier, California. They are made in Italy and good quality. Including a card, the total costs 7 dollars 86 cents. She also writes about her father, Jokichi Yamanaka, who is traveling in Japan and is going back home to Hiroshima in a week. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_03_10_001","extent":"1 page, 8 x 10 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-275","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Matsuura, Miyuki"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Community activities -- Weddings","id":"28"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"San Juan Bautista, California","creation":"7/12/1952","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuura, Miyuki author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-275-mezzanine-9e2bf17674-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-238","model":"entity","index":"24 4849/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-238/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-238/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-238-mezzanine-3af534c9d4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-238-mezzanine-3af534c9d4-a.jpg"},"title":"Typed and notarized letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis, Director, Enemy Alien Control Unit. Page 11 of 13.","description":"Photocopy of a typed letter from Teru Koyama to Edward J. Ennis concerning the rehearing of Keizaburo Koyama's case. Mrs. Koyama then goes on about her faith and that of her husband's. In both of their cases, they say that their incarceration has helped them to become better Christians. She also talks about her declining health and how much she fears passing away while her husband is still interned elsewhere. While she is now able to work a little bit to bring in money for the family, she's had to spend months recovering. She and her kids were twice offered a chance to go to Japan, but refused, finding the offer insulting. Mrs. Koyama fears that the kids are losing morale, though her son keeps busy with Boy Scouts and her daughters with the church involvement.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-238","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Family reunification","id":"527"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Teru"},{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Portland","id":"289"},{"term":"Idaho","id":"491"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"},{"term":"Portland","id":"12"}],"creation":"11/29/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author Koyama, Teru \nKoyama, Keizaburo \nEnnis, Edward J. \nFederal Bureau of Investigation","download_large":"ddr-one-5-238-mezzanine-3af534c9d4-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"japan","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}