Participating in this interview is Mr. Paul Minerich, who is Mr. Nomiyama's son-in-law. An attorney, Mr. Minerich headed the effort to clear his father-in-law's name regarding his wartime court martial conviction. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:04:41","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-279-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":482,"namepart":"Tetsuo Nomiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Fukuoka, Japan","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7004478\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Westminster, California","creation":"May 2, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsuo Nomiyama narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-279-7","model":"segment","index":"10 4660/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-279-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-279-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tetsuo Nomiyama Interview Segment 7","description":"In basic training when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor
Participating in this interview is Mr. Paul Minerich, who is Mr. Nomiyama's son-in-law. An attorney, Mr. Minerich headed the effort to clear his father-in-law's name regarding his wartime court martial conviction. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:06:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-279-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":482,"namepart":"Tetsuo Nomiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007157\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Westminster, California","creation":"May 2, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsuo Nomiyama narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-279-5","model":"segment","index":"11 4661/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-279-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-279-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tetsuo Nomiyama Interview Segment 5","description":"Helping father in Japan by sending money
Participating in this interview is Mr. Paul Minerich, who is Mr. Nomiyama's son-in-law. An attorney, Mr. Minerich headed the effort to clear his father-in-law's name regarding his wartime court martial conviction. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:06:04","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-279-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":482,"namepart":"Tetsuo Nomiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007157\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Westminster, California","creation":"May 2, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsuo Nomiyama narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2","model":"collection","index":"12 4662/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg"},"title":"San Jose State Schmidt (Willard E.) Papers","description":"The Willard Schmidt collection, documents some of the administrative duties of Willard Schmidt, the Chief of Internal Security for the War Relocation Authority and the Tule Lake incarceration/segregation camp. This collection contains administrative records and photos documenting the Tule Lake camp, the largest incarceration camp with a peak population of 18,789 and with the most turbulent history. In 1943, the camp was turned into a segregation center to house \"disloyal\" Japanese Americans relocated from other camps based on their answers to a confusing loyalty questionnaire. The camp endured martial law from November 1943- Jan 1944 after escalating protests and unrest. The hostile environment of the camp lead to many incarcerees renouncing their American citizenship upon the end of incarceration, a process which took 14 years to reverse if they did not wish to be deported to Japan.
See the full finding aid at Online Archive of California.","extent":"2 box 1 linear ft.","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Schmidt, Willard E."}],"language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","public":"1","rights":"pcc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Schmidt, Willard E. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-1-mezzanine-010f63fe6c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021","model":"collection","index":"13 4663/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg"},"title":"Naoko Wake Collection of Oral Histories of US Survivors of the Atomic Bombs","description":"This collection consists of ten interviews that historian Naoko Wake conducted in 2011-15 for her book American Survivors: Trans-Pacific Memories of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Five of the interviews are with US survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, while the other five are with medical and legal professionals and community activists who have supported US hibakusha’s effort to gain recognition from both American and Japanese governments. The interviews include hibakusha’s childhood memories, their experiences of growing up in the United States and Japan, the 1945 nuclear attacks and their immediate aftermaths, returning (or coming) to America after the war, gaining Japanese and Japanese American supporters, and their concerns about their radiation illnesses and the lack of medical care. Their memories also illuminate the complex relationship between the bomb and the camp in postwar Japanese American families and communities.","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-5-1-mezzanine-ec9df4a5e1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-ohs-1","model":"collection","index":"14 4664/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-ohs-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-ohs-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-ohs-1/ddr-ohs-1-256-mezzanine-2e07060908-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-ohs-1/ddr-ohs-1-256-mezzanine-2e07060908-a.jpg"},"title":"Yabe Family Papers Collection","description":"Digitized selections from a larger collection that documents the lives and activities of the Yabe family, particularly the first generation (the Issei) who immigrated from Japan to California in the early 1900s, and the second generation, the Nisei. Major topics represented the collection overall include the experience Mitsuye (Jyoko) Yabe as an immigrant to the United States; the family's business and community activities in Los Angeles, California, through 1942; family members' experiences of forced removal and incarceration during World War II; Miyuki \"Miki\" (Yabe) Yasui's advocacy for redress after the war; and her extensive research on family and Japanese American history. The 275 digitized items that are viewable in the Densho Digital Repository and Oregon Historical Society's Digital Collections consist of photographs, school documents, correspondence, and genealogical research.\r\n\r\nThe 275 digitized selections are a small portion of the overall collection, which consists of 2.8 cubic feet of material, and is available for use onsite at the Oregon Historical Society Research Library.","links_children":"ddr-ohs-1","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"The Oregon Historical Society","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-ohs-1-256-mezzanine-2e07060908-a.jpg"},{"id":"51","model":"narrator","index":"15 4665/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/51/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/51/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/51/interviews/"},"display_name":"George S. Matsui","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 1, 1915, in Los Angeles, California. Spent prewar childhood in Long Beach, California, but attended grade school and junior high in Japan. Returned to the United States to attend high school. In 1941, was drafted into the U.S. Army and sent to Camp Roberts, San Luis Obispo, California for basic training. Was among the first Japanese American draftees. When World War II broke out, was summarily discharged from the army, reclassified to an enlisted reserve unit, and sent to Santa Anita Assembly Center and then incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Within two months of being incarcerated, was recalled for duty in the Military Intelligence Service. Received Bronze Star for securing the surrender of Japanese military and nonmilitary personnel on the island of Saipan. Served with MacArthur's General Headquarters in Japan."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-7","model":"entity","index":"16 4666/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},"title":"Yuriko Furubayashi Interview","description":"Yuriko Furubayashi was born in 1927 in Waimea, Hawai'i, as one of the ten children of the family. Her father had come to Hawai'i from Hiroshima in the mid-1910s as a contract worker on a pineapple plantation. He grew vegetables and kept chickens around the house to help feed the family. Her mother cooked Japanese food only in part because meat was hard to come by. Many of their co-workers on the plantation were Japanese, and Yuriko used to go to the after-school school at Hongan-ji with these co-workers' children. Her peers at the public school included Filipinos, Chinese, Polynesians, Portuguese, and Haoles. When she was ten years old, her uncle and aunt in Los Angeles, who had been successful owners of Olympic Hotel, took her to Japan. They were childless, so their plan was to make Yuriko the family's heir. Yuriko quickly adjusted to the life in Japan and graduated from high school. She was working in an airplane factory when the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Although she was not injured, she was irradiated because she walked through the city on the day after to look for her aunt and uncle. The entire city was still on fire. She saw many corpses and people with severe nuclear burns. She lost one of her uncles to the bomb. She also visited her friend working at an orphanage, and was struck by how many children had lost their parents to the bomb. In 1948, she went to Hawai'i to see her parents, thanks to the arrangement made by her brother who had come to Japan as part of the US occupation force. She decided that she did not want to go back to Hiroshima where memories of the destruction \"depressed\" her. She studied to regain her English and worked at her sister's bakery near Kahoku. She married a baker, and they became successful owners of another bakery named after their oldest son. Yuriko was somewhat worried about radiation effect when she was pregnant with her first child. She gained hibakusha techo (certificate of survivorhood) issued by the Japanese government in the 1960s. She also regularly attends the biannual health checkups conducted by Japanese physicians for American survivors.","extent":"2:52:35","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":968,"namepart":"Yuriko Furubayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Kailua, Hawai‘i","creation":"11-Jun-13","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yuriko Furubayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},{"id":"401","model":"narrator","index":"17 4667/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/401/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/401/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oisao.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oisao.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/401/interviews/"},"display_name":"Isao East Oshima","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 20, 1921, in Berkeley, California. Family moved frequently as a child, and was living in Oakland, California, when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. During World War II, removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Left camp for Cleveland, Ohio, eventually settling permanently in the Twin Cities, Minnesota."},{"id":"525","model":"narrator","index":"18 4668/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/525/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/525/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/storu_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/storu_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/525/interviews/"},"display_name":"Toru Saito","bio":"Sansei male. Born December 11, 1937, in San Francisco, California. Nearly age four when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. Removed with family to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. In this interview, Mr. Saito discusses many of the harmful psychological effects of the World War II experience on himself and other Japanese Americans."},{"id":"602","model":"narrator","index":"19 4669/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/602/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/602/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nmasahiro.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nmasahiro.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/602/interviews/"},"display_name":"Masahiro Nakajo","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 17, 1927, in Moneta, California. Grew up in the Garden Grove area where parents ran a farm. Was taken to Japan to live as a young child until age ten. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, Caliifornia. After leaving camp, served in the military during the Korean War."},{"id":"647","model":"narrator","index":"20 4670/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/647/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/647/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/idorothy_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/idorothy_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/647/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dorothy Michiko Ishimatsu","bio":"Nisei female. Born June 17, 1927, in Mayfield, California. Grew up in the Mountain View area, where family ran a berry farm. After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, family decided to move to Utah to avoid mass removal. Attended high school in Utah before returning to California to enroll in San Jose State University. Remained in San Jose."},{"id":"706","model":"narrator","index":"21 4671/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/706/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/706/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/spaul.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/spaul.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/706/interviews/"},"display_name":"Paul Saito","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 21, 1923, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Carver and Ontario, Oregon, where parents ran a farm. Remained in Ontario during World War II. Drafted into the military in 1945 and served in the Counterintelligence Corps in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Returned to Oregon after military service and continued to farm."},{"id":"739","model":"narrator","index":"22 4672/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/739/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/739/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ojoyce.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ojoyce.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/739/interviews/"},"display_name":"Joyce Okazaki","bio":"Sansei female. Grew up in Los Angeles, California, and was a young child when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. During World War II, removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. While in camp, was photographed by renowned photographer Ansel Adams. After leaving camp, lived for a time in Chicago before family eventually returned to California."},{"id":"808","model":"narrator","index":"23 4673/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/808/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/808/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sminoru.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sminoru.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/808/interviews/"},"display_name":"Minoru J. Shibata","bio":"Nisei male. Born 1928 in San Francisco, California. Spent most of childhood on Terminal Island, California, where father was a fisherman. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested by the FBI and the rest of the family moved to Ogden, Utah, to farm. Served in the Army Air Corps in Japan during the U.S. occupation."},{"id":"823","model":"narrator","index":"24 4674/{'value': 5033, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/823/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/823/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmary.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmary.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/823/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mary Montoya","bio":"Female of Japanese and Mexican ancestry. Born 1916 in El Paso, Texas. Father was an Issei from Japan, and mother was from Mexico. Mary grew up in several cities in New Mexico. She was married and living in California when the war broke out, but was not identified as being of Japanese ancestry. Returned to Gallup, New Mexico."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"japan","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}