(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:45:44","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":142,"namepart":"Frank Emi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr004xx71","namepart":"Emi, Frank Seishi"}],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Gabriel, California","creation":"February 23, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Emi narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer Emi, Frank Seishi 88922nr004xx71","download_large":"denshovh-efrank-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-660","model":"entity","index":"1 501/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-660/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-660/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-660-mezzanine-5359b3e404-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-660-mezzanine-5359b3e404-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 28 (October 20, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 28, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on October 20, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain Incarceration Camp. Includes: Pay envelopes to be distributed Wednesday, Thursday; First printed newspaper to appear Saturday; Second Heart Mountain case dismissed; Fire information; 15 carloads of staple food on way here; Fully equipped bakery planned for near future; Contract for 22,000 tons of coal signed; Need for large street maintenance crew stressed; Seek 25 experienced men for sawmill; Colonists work on main project canal; Soldiers, civilians visit Heart Mountain; General announcements, vital statistics; Office of design coordination established; Warn against piling coal close to building; Colonist teachers' association planned; Supervisor of apprentice teachers announced; Director handles property, transfer inquiries; Press nine drops close softball tilt; and Recreation activities, meetings, announcements. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0662","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-660","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"10/20/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-660-mezzanine-5359b3e404-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-651","model":"entity","index":"2 502/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-651/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-651/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-651-mezzanine-6990071770-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-651-mezzanine-6990071770-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 18 (September 26, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 18, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on September 26, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: $100,000 war industry plant to be built here; Policy of community enterprise explained; Heart Mountain officials in Denver; Fashion classes to start Monday; Surprise shower given to Helen Kojo; Rehearsals set for string ensemble, drum and bugle corps; Girls to outline sports program; Positions open for recreational leaders; Civilians permitted to visit Center; Ground broken for first factory; Loitering in hospital banned; Conclude sign up for apple picking; Schedule of religious services; Importance of fire prevention stressed; Begin preliminary work in ceramics,; 225 tons of coal delivered here daily; Personal property may be shipped here; Nurses aides classes to begin Monday; Softball games slated; Boys' social organizational meeting Monday; Judo jackets being completed; Warning to truck drivers, colonists. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0653","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-651","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"9/26/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-651-mezzanine-6990071770-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-657","model":"entity","index":"3 503/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-657/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-657/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-657-mezzanine-78cc03419b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-657-mezzanine-78cc03419b-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 24 (October 10, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 24, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on October 10, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Make plans for self-government system; Checks to be issued for clothing allowances; Formal opening of court slated Monday; Schedule of religious services; Week-day activities; Kobayashi Memorial rites set tonight; Heart Mountain granted priority on school materials; Make plans for self-government system; Checking system for farm workers announced; Two physicians added to medical staff; Dry goods store has cigarette stand; Five more leave for school; Soldiers, civilians visit Heart Mountain; Regional officers confer with director; Scrap lumber now available to colonists; Social science courses to be offered; Bishop Reifsnider speaks here Sunday; Permanent locale for co-op group picked; Receipt slips needed to claim ward orders; Adult English classes begin Tuesday; Alice Sakai weds Tadao Toyoshima; and Recreation acti See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0659","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-657","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"10/10/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-657-mezzanine-78cc03419b-a.jpg"},{"id":"98","model":"narrator","index":"4 504/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/98/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/98/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ugrant.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ugrant.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/98/interviews/"},"display_name":"Grant Ujifusa","bio":"Sansei male. Born January 4, 1942, in Worland, Wyoming. Graduated from Harvard College in 1965, and went on to earn an M.A. in American History from Brandeis University and an ABT in American Civilization from Brown University. Worked for book publishers Gambit, Houghton Mifflin, Random House, Macmillan, and Reader's Digest magazine. Played an integral part in the Japanese American redress movement of the 1980s, and serves on the Board of the Japanese American National Memorial Foundation as well as the Board of Governors of the Japanese American National Museum. Legislative Strategy Chair of the Legislative Education Committee of the Japanese American Citizens League from 1982 to 1992. Honorary Member, Company K, 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Founding editor and co-author of The Almanac of American Politics, published every two years since 1972, when it was nominated for the National Book Award. Married to Amy Brooks, 9/9/79. Two sons, Steven, Harvard '01; and Andrew, Harvard '04."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-42","model":"collection","index":"5 505/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-42/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-42/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-1-mezzanine-982158bfc9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-1-mezzanine-982158bfc9-a.jpg"},"title":"CSU Dominguez Hills Takano Family Papers","description":"The Takano Family Papers contains materials from members of the Takano Family in Los Angeles, California, including Issei immigrants, Itsuhei and Tomoyo Takano and Kumaji and Tsuruno Meguro, and their Nisei children, Fumio Fred and Yoneko Takano. The papers covers from prewar through post-war, including the period of the forced evacuation and incarceration during the war and the redress movement in 1980s. The papers consists of correspondence, photographs, camp newspapers, yearbooks and other documents. Noted are photographs depicting the Japanese American community in Colorado in 1930s, including photos of Japanese Young People’s Christian members and schoolchildren and staff of a Japanese school and public schools. There are also documents regarding a real property in Los Angeles, California, which Fumio Fred Takano purchased in 1938, and his legal documents and letters present his efforts to protect the property during the war with the support of his non-Japanese American friend. Included are also letters depicting his struggles to be granted the indefinite leave permit from the Gila River incarceration camp in Arizona, as a consequence of his answers to “loyalty questions, no. 27 and 28.” In addition, the Issei parents’ letters describe their experiences, detailing the trip from the Pomona Assembly Center to the Heart Mountain incarceration camp in Wyoming, camp life and living conditions, and returning to California after the war.","extent":"1.66 linear feet","links_children":"ddr-csujad-42","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","public":"1","rights":"nocc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-42-1-mezzanine-982158bfc9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-2","model":"entity","index":"6 506/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 21 No. 20","description":"Selected article titles: \"Navy Opens Ranks to Japanese Americans\" (p. 1), \"Sgt. Ben Kuroki to Speak on \"Town Meeting of the Air\"\" (p. 1), \"1000 Tule Lake Renunciants Enter Suit to Regain Rights\" (p. 1), \"Evacuee Group Leaves Seattle for Hawaii\" (p. 1), \"Native Sons Want Relocation Camps to be Kept Open\" (p. 1), \"Southern Pacific Railroad Takes Stand Against Racial Intolerance in Placer County\" (p. 2), \"Tule Lake Ex-Citizens File Suits to Regain U.S. Rights\" (p. 2), \"California Files Escheat Suit In Fresno Area\" (p. 2), \"WRA Closes Heart Mountain, Gila Centers\" (p. 3), \"Arizona Camp Emptied Before Deadline Date\" (p. 3), \"Order Closing of Cooperative at Tule Lake Center\" (p. 3), \"Wyoming Relocation Camp Now Empty, Deserted as Last Train Leaves With 205 for California\" (p. 3), \"Police Guard Evacuee Train At San Jose\" (p. 3), \"California Ready to Pay Claims to Evacuee Farmers\" (p. 3), \"Washington News-Letter: Nisei Reveals Experiences of Job-Hunting in Washington\" (p. 5), \"From the Des Moines Register: Iowa Has Accorded Welcome To Displaced Coast Nisei\" (p. 5), \"New York Committee Will Back Japan People's Government\" (p. 6), \"2000 Evacuees Leave Colorado For West Coast\" (p. 8).","extent":"1422W x 2077H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-2","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"17-Nov-45","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-2-mezzanine-13d3849d87-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-648","model":"entity","index":"7 507/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-648/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-648/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-648-mezzanine-48d21beb41-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-648-mezzanine-48d21beb41-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 14 (September 22, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 14, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on September 22, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Issue call for 1200 more beet workers; Three granted release to attend colleges; Colonists with law training sought; What to do in case of rattlesnake bite; Center hospital gets X-ray machine; Sadataki first appendectomy case here; Workers must eat in own mess halls; Montana engineer makes fire inspection; Well baby clinic will open Friday; 15 Nisei soldiers here on furlough; Seek additional workers for bean harvest; Carpenters rush work on colony lining; Training program planned in ceramics; Panel discussion on cooperatives slated; Colonists receive instructions on use of stoves; Registration for elementary grades set,; Magazine editor visits Heart Mountain; Seek persons interested in teaching English; Harmonica band meets twice weekly; Women's Club meets tonight; Two meetings scheduled by Recreation Department; and Four husky men needed as swampers. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0650","extent":"4 pages; 12.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-648","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"9/22/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-648-mezzanine-48d21beb41-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-652","model":"entity","index":"8 508/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-652/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-652/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-652-mezzanine-09434e63e2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-652-mezzanine-09434e63e2-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 19 (September 29, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 19, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on September 29, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Heart Mountain school opens tomorrow; 3500 at opening of dry goods store; Co-op discussion meeting slated tonight; No cases of spotted fever here; Procedure for employment given; Treat them as you would at home; Owners asked to claim lost articles; Post office sub-station opened; Course in cooperation to be given; Ceramics designer to speak tonight; Father livery visitor in Heart Mountain; Funeral rites for former Yakima girl set; Student relocation meeting slated; Hospital Head back from Colorado Center; Chief nurse tendered farewell party; Santa Clara wins in six-man grid contest; Washington wolves rout drapettes, 17-7; Release drum and bugle corps practice schedule; Choir practice to be held by Bussei Wednesday; Many colonists leave Heart Mountain; and Measurements being taken for Judo See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0654","extent":"4 pages; 10.5 x 7.75 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-652","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"9/29/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-652-mezzanine-09434e63e2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-653","model":"entity","index":"9 509/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-653/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-653/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-653-mezzanine-68aa7e00ac-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-653-mezzanine-68aa7e00ac-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 20 (October 1, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 20, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on October 1, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Heart Mountain host to National WRA Director; Three more schools to open; Further colonist aid sought for beet harvest; Reasons given for periodic lack of hot water; Father Kimmett to officiate at mass; Seventh Day Adventists meet Saturday; Oklahoma woman visits sick parents; Two boy scout meetings scheduled Friday; Reveal schedule for harmonica band, classes; Checks to be cashed Friday 21-26; Chief Fire Supervisor inspects project; Warning on water status issued; School starts for 205 Center youngsters; 2600 18-64 men notify change of address; Aliens asked to report change of address; Two fires reported in M.P. area; 25 firefighters needed immediately; Four more Nisei leave for college; Post office reports $30,242 worth of business; Issue permits for use of hot plates; 300 hear Rhodes at cera See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0655","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-653","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Sports","id":"72"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"10/1/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-653-mezzanine-68aa7e00ac-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-654","model":"entity","index":"10 510/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-654/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-654/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-654-mezzanine-e1241aa034-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-654-mezzanine-e1241aa034-a.jpg"},"title":"General information bulletin (Cody, Wyo.), series 21 (October 3, 1942)","description":"General information bulletin, series 21, published at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp, Wyoming on October 3, 1942. Bulletin including news, events, and topics related to Heart Mountain incarceration camp. Includes: Heart Mountain High School opens Tuesday; Break in water pipe repaired; Heart Mountain court site picked; Schedule of religious services; Weekday activities; Memorial services to be held Sunday; Seek aid of colonists in crime prevention; Unauthorized uses of hot plates hit; New chief steward named; Co-op class to start Tuesday; Police force faced with shortage of men; Pomona checks must be claimed immediately; Dance classes to start Monday; Good-Will group of Powell aids residents here; Statement on dental service issued; Charge for cashing checks explained; Plans for issuance of clothing pushed; Ten timekeepers needed immediately; Church council aide visits Heart Mountain; Recreation appointments revealed by Kurtz; Pair of women softball tilts billed; Recreational activity announcements; Appendectomy performed at hospital; and Appreciation from Furuta family. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0656","extent":"6 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-654","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Cody, Wyoming","facility":[{"term":"Heart Mountain","id":"5"}],"creation":"10/3/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-654-mezzanine-e1241aa034-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-21","model":"entity","index":"11 511/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Kuroki - Shige Kuroki Interview","description":"Ben Kuroki, Nisei male. Born May 16, 1917, in Hershey, Nebraska. Admitted to the Army Air Corps and flew thirty missions in Europe in a B-24 as a tailgunner and top turret gunner. Earned two Distinguished Flying Crosses and was acclaimed as the first Nisei war hero. Spoke at Heart Mountain, Wyoming, and two other camps in order to help encourage draft recruitment. Subpoenaed as a witness in the conspiracy trial of Heart Mountain's Fair Play Committee leaders. Later became the only Nisei to service in active combat with the Air Corps in the Pacific Theater, and flew twenty-eight additional missions over Japan. After World War II, became the first Japanese American editor of a general newspaper in Nebraska, and later edited newspapers in suburban Michigan and Southern California.
(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, Conscience and the Constitution, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:22:47","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-21","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":163,"namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":169,"namepart":"Shige Kuroki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Camarillio, California","creation":"January 31, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki narrator \nShige Kuroki narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-kben_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-528","model":"entity","index":"12 512/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-528/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-528/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-528-1-mezzanine-17f802a9d8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-528-1-mezzanine-17f802a9d8-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Interview I","description":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse.","extent":"3:10:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-528","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":1018,"namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Nina Wallace"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"February 3, 2023","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Abe narrator \nNina Wallace interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-528-1-mezzanine-17f802a9d8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-531","model":"entity","index":"13 513/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-531/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-531/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-531-1-mezzanine-b370daf01b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-531-1-mezzanine-b370daf01b-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Interview III","description":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse.","extent":"2:25:16","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-531","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":1018,"namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Nina Wallace"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 17, 2023","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Abe narrator \nNina Wallace interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-531-1-mezzanine-b370daf01b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-530","model":"entity","index":"14 514/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-530/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-530/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Interview II","description":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse.","extent":"2:46:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-530","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":1018,"namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Nina Wallace"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 14, 2023","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Abe narrator \nNina Wallace interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-530-1-mezzanine-20d2529b6a-a.jpg"},{"id":"1018","model":"narrator","index":"15 515/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1018/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1018/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-528_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-528_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1018/interviews/"},"display_name":"Frank Abe","bio":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-97","model":"entity","index":"16 516/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-97/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-97/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ugrant-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ugrant-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Grant Ujifusa Interview I","description":"Sansei male. Born January 4, 1942, in Worland, Wyoming. Graduated from Harvard College in 1965, and went on to earn an M.A. in American History from Brandeis University and an ABT in American Civilization from Brown University. Worked for book publishers Gambit, Houghton Mifflin, Random House, Macmillan, and Reader's Digest magazine. Played an integral part in the Japanese American redress movement of the 1980s, and serves on the Board of the Japanese American National Memorial Foundation as well as the Board of Governors of the Japanese American National Museum. Legislative Strategy Chair of the Legislative Education Committee of the Japanese American Citizens League from 1982 to 1992. Honorary Member, Company K, 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Founding editor and co-author of The Almanac of American Politics, published every two years since 1972, when it was nominated for the National Book Award. Married to Amy Brooks, 9/9/79. Two sons, Steven, Harvard '01; and Andrew, Harvard '04.
(This interview was conducted at the Voices of Japanese American Redress Conference, held on the UCLA campus and sponsored by the UCLA Asian American Studies Center and the UCLA School of Public Policy and Social Research. Because of the full conference schedule, our interviews were limited to one hour. The interviews therefore focused primarily on a single topic, namely, the narrator's role in the redress movement.)","extent":"00:38:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-97","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":98,"namepart":"Grant Ujifusa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Becky Fukuda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Cherry Kinoshita"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"University of CA, Los Angeles","creation":"September 13, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Grant Ujifusa narrator \nBecky Fukuda interviewer \nCherry Kinoshita interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ugrant-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-30","model":"entity","index":"17 517/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-30/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-30/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-30-mezzanine-1df185ddb6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-30-mezzanine-1df185ddb6-a.jpg"},"title":"Envelope and letters to Dr. Keizaburo \"Kei\" Koyama from Teru Koyama and Miriam Kiyo Koyama","description":"Envelope addressed to Dr. Keizaburo Koyama at Camp Livingston from his wife, Teru Koyama, and daughter, Miriam Kiyo Koyama. Postmarked Sep 16, 1942. In red pencil “9/20-42” is written to the left of the postmark. In the lower left corner is a purple \"Censored\" stamp from Camp Livingston. Inside the envelope are two letters, one from Miriam Kiyo Koyama dated September 12, 1942, and one from Teru Koyama dated Sept 14, 1942. Kiyo writes about how her sister, Eva, was upset at having been called fat in his last letter, and that Eva's lost weight since coming to Minidoka, in part because the walk to the canteen is far. She also writes that she's seen a dead snake outside the barracks, and that her mom now works in the camp kitchens. On the back side of the letter is part of the poem “For I'm Grown Up” by Sydell Merl. Teru writes to Kei about the hardship of raising children in camp since there is little family structure and her worries about their education. She writes of meeting the Kakekashis again in camp and that William is befriending Hiro Kakekashi. She wishes Kei could be here, but is certain he would not like Minidoka, and that there are too many dentists anyway, and that they even sent some Portlanders to Wyoming because they had a full medical team at Minidoka.","extent":"1 envelope: 6.25W x 3.5H; 1 letter: 7.875W x 10.5H; 1 letter: 5.25W x 8H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-30","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Miriam Kiyo Koyama"}],"topics":[{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Dentistry","id":"355"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Arrest, searches, and seizures","id":"50"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- U.S. Army internment camps","id":"432"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Food","id":"68"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of America","id":"23"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Religion","id":"75"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Minidoka, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Camp Livingston","id":"55"},{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"09/12/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author \nMiriam Kiyo Koyama author","download_large":"ddr-one-5-30-mezzanine-1df185ddb6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-22","model":"entity","index":"18 518/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-22/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-22/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-22-mezzanine-b0645569db-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-22-mezzanine-b0645569db-a.jpg"},"title":"Envelope and letter to Dr. Keizaburo \"Kei\" Koyama from Teru Koyama and Miriam Kiyo Koyama","description":"Yellowed envelope addressed to Dr. Keizaburo Koyama in Camp Livingston from his wife, Teru Koyama, in the Portland Assembly Center. The envelope is postmarked August 24, 1942, and is stamped \"VIA AIR MAIL\" over the postmark. Written in blue pencil under the postage stamp is “Aug 23, 1942.” Written below the address in blue pencil is “Aug - 26, 42.” On the left side of the envelope is a \"Censored\" stamp. Inside the envelope were two letters to Keizaburo \"Kei\" Koyama: one from his daughter, Miriam Kiyo Koyama and one from his wife, Teru Koyama; both dated August 23, 1942. The letter from Miriam, she writes that she misses him and that the Portland Assembly Center paper is saying that they will be moving to Idaho. She hopes that with the move he will join them. The letter from Teru talks about the recent church services and baptism of several friends at the Portland Assembly Center. She asks that Kei write a letter to the Satos once they relocate to the new camp. She writes about some people leaving for Wyoming next week. She describes how she is enjoying studying the Bible, English, History, and Civics, and she advises Kei to do the same because she does not want him to lose the ability to communicate with their children since they primarily speak English. Advises she might not write for a while as she has to pack for the family's move.","extent":"1 envelope: 5.5W x 3.5H; 2 letters: 5W x 8H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-22","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Miriam Kiyo"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Dentistry","id":"355"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Religion","id":"75"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Arrest, searches, and seizures","id":"50"},{"term":"World War II -- U.S. Army internment camps","id":"432"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Portland Assembely Center, Portland, Oregon","facility":[{"term":"Portland","id":"12"},{"term":"Camp Livingston","id":"55"},{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"08/23/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author \nKoyama, Miriam Kiyo author","download_large":"ddr-one-5-22-mezzanine-b0645569db-a.jpg"},{"id":"124","model":"narrator","index":"19 519/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/124/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/124/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hbill.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hbill.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/124/interviews/"},"display_name":"Bill Hosokawa","bio":"Nisei male. Born in Seattle on January 30, 1915, and attended Washington grade school, Garfield High School and the University of Washington. He grew up as a typical Nisei, working summers in Alaska salmon canneries and Western Avenue produce brokerages to pay for his education. He became interested in writing at Garfield where he was sports editor of the school paper. While attending the University he worked at the weekly Japanese American Courier published by the late Jimmie Sakamoto. A faculty adviser at the University urged Hosokawa to drop out of the journalism school \"because no newspaper in the country would hire a Japanese boy.\" Hosokawa rejected the advice, but when he graduated in 1937 he found the professor was right. After working as a male secretary writing letters, Hosokawa and his bride, the former Alice Miyake of Portland, Oregon, went to Singapore in 1938 to help launch an English language daily. A year and a half later Hosokawa moved to Shanghai to work on an American-owned monthly magazine, the Far Eastern Review. Then, sensing the inevitability of war, he returned to Seattle in 1941 just five weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor. When war came, Hosokawa served as executive director of Seattle JACL's Emergency Defense Council helping people in the community to cope. He and his family were removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington. When other Seattleites were moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, Hosokawa and his wife and infant son were sent to Heart Mountain, Wyoming. Later, he learned he had been separated from his Seattle friends because he was considered a potential troublemaker. He was in Heart Mountain for 14 months, working as editor of the camp newspaper, the Heart Mountain Sentinel, before being released to join the Des Moines, Iowa Register in 1943. In 1946 he moved to Denver to work on the Denver Post. In 38 years at The Post he held such assignments as executive news editor, assistant managing editor and Sunday editor. He covered the Japanese peace treaty in San Francisco in 1951, the Summit meeting in Paris in 1960 and the Zengakuren student riots in Japan that same year. He also had assignments as war correspondent in Korea and Vietnam, and for 17 years was editor of Empire, the Post's prize-winning Sunday magazine. For his last seven years at the Post Hosokawa was editor of the editorial page -- a Japanese American imprisoned during World War II as a potential security risk who now directed the opinion section of a major American newspaper. After retiring from the Post in 1984 he served the Rocky Mountain News as ombudsman columnist for seven years. Hosokawa has taught journalism classes at the University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado and University of Wyoming. He wrote a weekly comment column called \"From the Frying Pan\" in JACL's weekly Pacific Citizen from 1942 until 1999. Among other honors, Hosokawa is a former president of the American Association of Sunday and Feature Editors and a member of that organization's Hall of Fame, a charter member of the Denver Press Club Hall of Fame. He was named JACL's Nisei of the Biennium in 1958, and has published 12 books. Hosokawa and his wife Alice, who died in 1998, had four children."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-129","model":"entity","index":"20 520/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-129/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-129/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hbill-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hbill-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Bill Hosokawa Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born in Seattle on January 30, 1915, and attended Washington grade school, Garfield High School and the University of Washington. He grew up as a typical Nisei, working summers in Alaska salmon canneries and Western Avenue produce brokerages to pay for his education. He became interested in writing at Garfield where he was sports editor of the school paper. While attending the University he worked at the weekly Japanese American Courier published by the late Jimmie Sakamoto. A faculty adviser at the University urged Hosokawa to drop out of the journalism school \"because no newspaper in the country would hire a Japanese boy.\" Hosokawa rejected the advice, but when he graduated in 1937 he found the professor was right. After working as a male secretary writing letters, Hosokawa and his bride, the former Alice Miyake of Portland, Oregon, went to Singapore in 1938 to help launch an English language daily. A year and a half later Hosokawa moved to Shanghai to work on an American-owned monthly magazine, the Far Eastern Review. Then, sensing the inevitability of war, he returned to Seattle in 1941 just five weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor. When war came, Hosokawa served as executive director of Seattle JACL's Emergency Defense Council helping people in the community to cope. He and his family were removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington. When other Seattleites were moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, Hosokawa and his wife and infant son were sent to Heart Mountain, Wyoming. Later, he learned he had been separated from his Seattle friends because he was considered a potential troublemaker. He was in Heart Mountain for 14 months, working as editor of the camp newspaper, the Heart Mountain Sentinel, before being released to join the Des Moines, Iowa Register in 1943. In 1946 he moved to Denver to work on the Denver Post. In 38 years at The Post he held such assignments as executive news editor, assistant managing editor and Sunday editor. He covered the Japanese peace treaty in San Francisco in 1951, the Summit meeting in Paris in 1960 and the Zengakuren student riots in Japan that same year. He also had assignments as war correspondent in Korea and Vietnam, and for 17 years was editor of Empire, the Post's prize-winning Sunday magazine. For his last seven years at the Post Hosokawa was editor of the editorial page -- a Japanese American imprisoned during World War II as a potential security risk who now directed the opinion section of a major American newspaper. After retiring from the Post in 1984 he served the Rocky Mountain News as ombudsman columnist for seven years. Hosokawa has taught journalism classes at the University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado and University of Wyoming. He wrote a weekly comment column called \\\"From the Frying Pan\\\" in JACL's weekly Pacific Citizen from 1942 until 1999. Among other honors, Hosokawa is a former president of the American Association of Sunday and Feature Editors and a member of that organization's Hall of Fame, a charter member of the Denver Press Club Hall of Fame. He was named JACL's Nisei of the Biennium in 1958, and has published 12 books. Hosokawa and his wife Alice, who died in 1998, had four children.","extent":"03:14:22","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-129","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":124,"namepart":"Bill Hosokawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Daryl Maeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"July 13, 2001","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Bill Hosokawa narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDaryl Maeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hbill-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-26","model":"entity","index":"21 521/{'value': 522, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-26/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-26/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hbill-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-hbill-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Bill Hosokawa Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born in Seattle on January 30, 1915, and attended Washington grade school, Garfield High School and the University of Washington. He grew up as a typical Nisei, working summers in Alaska salmon canneries and Western Avenue produce brokerages to pay for his education. He became interested in writing at Garfield where he was sports editor of the school paper. While attending the University he worked at the weekly Japanese American Courier published by the late Jimmie Sakamoto. A faculty adviser at the University urged Hosokawa to drop out of the journalism school \"because no newspaper in the country would hire a Japanese boy.\" Hosokawa rejected the advice, but when he graduated in 1937 he found the professor was right. After working as a male secretary writing letters, Hosokawa and his bride, the former Alice Miyake of Portland, Oregon, went to Singapore in 1938 to help launch an English language daily. A year and a half later Hosokawa moved to Shanghai to work on an American-owned monthly magazine, the Far Eastern Review. Then, sensing the inevitability of war, he returned to Seattle in 1941 just five weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor. When war came, Hosokawa served as executive director of Seattle JACL's Emergency Defense Council helping people in the community to cope. He and his family were removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington. When other Seattleites were moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, Hosokawa and his wife and infant son were sent to Heart Mountain, Wyoming. Later, he learned he had been separated from his Seattle friends because he was considered a potential troublemaker. He was in Heart Mountain for 14 months, working as editor of the camp newspaper, the Heart Mountain Sentinel, before being released to join the Des Moines, Iowa Register in 1943. In 1946 he moved to Denver to work on the Denver Post. In 38 years at The Post he held such assignments as executive news editor, assistant managing editor and Sunday editor. He covered the Japanese peace treaty in San Francisco in 1951, the Summit meeting in Paris in 1960 and the Zengakuren student riots in Japan that same year. He also had assignments as war correspondent in Korea and Vietnam, and for 17 years was editor of Empire, the Post's prize-winning Sunday magazine. For his last seven years at the Post Hosokawa was editor of the editorial page -- a Japanese American imprisoned during World War II as a potential security risk who now directed the opinion section of a major American newspaper. After retiring from the Post in 1984 he served the Rocky Mountain News as ombudsman columnist for seven years. Hosokawa has taught journalism classes at the University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado and University of Wyoming. He wrote a weekly comment column called \"From the Frying Pan\" in JACL's weekly Pacific Citizen from 1942 until 1999. Among other honors, Hosokawa is a former president of the American Association of Sunday and Feature Editors and a member of that organization's Hall of Fame, a charter member of the Denver Press Club Hall of Fame. He was named JACL's Nisei of the Biennium in 1958, and has published 12 books. Hosokawa and his wife Alice, who died in 1998, had four children.","extent":"00:25:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-26","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":124,"namepart":"Bill Hosokawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"August 4, 1994","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Bill Hosokawa narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-hbill-02-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Wyoming","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}