{"total":1642,"limit":25,"offset":1550,"prev_offset":1525,"next_offset":1575,"page_size":25,"this_page":63,"num_this_page":25,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Where&limit=25&offset=1525","next_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Where&limit=25&offset=1575","objects":[{"id":"654","model":"narrator","index":"0 1550/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/654/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/654/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tkiwamu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tkiwamu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/654/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kiwamu \"Kiyo\" Tsuchida","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 2, 1923, in Auburn, Washington. Grew up in Auburn, where father worked for the Great Northern Railroad and the family also ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, Oregon. Family then transferred to the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Kiwamu left camp for Ogden, Utah, then volunteered for the Military Intelligence Service. Served in the Philippines, then as a liasion to General MacArthur and his family in Japan during the U.S. occupation."},{"id":"950","model":"narrator","index":"1 1551/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/950/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/950/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-6_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-chi-1-6_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/950/interviews/"},"display_name":"Junko Mizuta","bio":"Nisei female. Born 1925 in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, where parents ran a laundry business and managed an apartment house. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested by the FBI, and the rest of the family was removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon. While at the assembly center, Junko, a teenager, witnessed firsthand the shooting of a Japanese American cook by a camp guard. After leaving camp, went to school for a time in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, before moving to Chicago, Illinois."},{"id":"908","model":"narrator","index":"2 1552/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/908/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/908/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-460_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-460_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/908/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ron Wakabayashi","bio":"Sansei male. Born November 13, 1944, in Reno, Nevada, where parents had resettled after leaving the concentration camps in Topaz, Utah, and Rohwer, Arkansas, during World War II. Grew up in East Los Angeles. Involved in a number of community social service organizations in Los Angeles, such as Oriental Concern and the Asian American Drug Abuse Program. Elected national director of the Japanese American Citizens League in 1981, and was heavily involved in the redress movement. Regional Director with the U.S. Department of Justice, Community Relations Service."},{"id":"832","model":"narrator","index":"3 1553/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/832/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/832/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mspark.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mspark.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/832/interviews/"},"display_name":"Spark M. Matsunaga","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 9, 1916, in Kukui'ula, Kauai'i, Hawaii. During World War II, served as an original member of the 100th Infantry Battalion, later the 1st Battalion of the 442nd Regimental Combat team, and also with the Military Intelligence Service. In 1954, was elected to the Hawai'i Territorial Legislature. He was later elected to Congress, where he served six terms, then was elected to the Senate in 1976. Spark Matsunaga also helped in the passage of the redress bill into law on August 19, 1988."},{"id":"785","model":"narrator","index":"4 1554/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/785/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/785/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngiro.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngiro.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/785/interviews/"},"display_name":"Giro Nakagawa","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 13, 1921, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Kent, Washington, where parents ran a farm. In the 1930s, moved to South Bend, Washington, to work for the New Washington Oyster Company. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and soon left to work on farms in Utah for the Amalgamated Sugar Company. Drafted into the military and served with the Counterintelligence Corps in Japan during the U.S. occupation. After returning home, reestablished the oyster farm in South Bend."},{"id":"745","model":"narrator","index":"5 1555/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/745/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/745/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/omas_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/omas_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/745/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mas Okabe","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 2, 1929, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento, where parents operated a restaurant. During World War II, removed to the Merced Assembly Center, California, and the Granada (Amache) concentration camp, Colorado. Transferred to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, in 1945, then went to Japan with family. Lived in Japan for a time before returning to the U.S. to finish school. Served with the U.S. Navy during the Korean War. Eventually moved to San Jose, California, and became a dentist."},{"id":"987","model":"narrator","index":"6 1556/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/987/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/987/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-497_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-497_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/987/interviews/"},"display_name":"Makoto Otsu","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 26, 1926, in Steveston, British Columbia, Canada. Grew up in Steveston, where father fished for a cannery. During World War II, the family was forced to leave Steveston and moved to the abandoned Minto Mine site in the Bridge River Valley of British Columbia. After staying for a few years, Makoto moved to Winnipeg, Canada, to attend school, and got a job at an aircraft company in Toronto. In the 1950s, took a job with Boeing and moved to Seattle, Washington."},{"id":"1082","model":"narrator","index":"7 1557/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1082/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1082/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-543_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-543_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1082/interviews/"},"bio":"Nisei male. Born February 16, 1934, in Anaheim, California. Grew up in Selma, California, where parents ran a restaurant. During World War II, removed to the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. Family returned to the Selma area after leaving camp. Mr. Ogata attended California State University Fresno and served in the army. Became a high school art teacher and also a studio artist, focusing on painting and ceramics. During the redress movement, received a commission from the JACL to make ceramic plates for select U.S. congresspeople.","display_name":"","title":""},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-3","model":"entity","index":"8 1558/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg"},"title":"Keiko Shinmoto Interview","description":"Keiko Shinmoto's father migrated from Hiroshima to Portland, Oregon, where his brother was an owner of a grocery store. After returning to Hiroshima to see his ailing father, Keiko's father found it impossible to return to America as his mother hid his passport to keep him in Japan. Shortly, Keiko's mother joined him in Hiroshima, also her hometown. Unlike her eight older siblings, then, Keiko was born in Japan, in 1936. She recalls the challenge of being sent to the countryside at the age of eight as part of shudan sokai, a wartime program for children aiming to protect the youth from fire bombings in cities. The food shortage and black market called yamiichi that flourished after the war, too, left Keiko a strong impression. She is a nyushi survivor, as she was exposed to radiation by walking through the city of Hiroshima three days after the bombing. She lost one of her older sisters to the bomb. She came to the United States in 1960 with a help of her US-born brother, by then living in Los Angeles. She relearned English from her father who was also back in the United States and in the area at that time. Keiko attended a technical college to study design while working as a \"schoolgirl\" and worked briefly in Beverly Hills as a dressmaker before she married Nisei from Stockton. A former prisoner of the Gila River War Relocation Center, he worked as a mechanic at Chevrolet after the war and became an owner of a car repair shop. Keiko helped the shop's book keeping, while she also raised two children and worked at a grocery store in order to pay for her health insurance. At the time of the interview, Keiko had just joined a biannual medical checkup conducted by Hiroshima physicians in San Francisco for the first time because of the encouragement by another US survivor. After her husband passed away in 1998, she has been enjoying talking with her children, going to a Buddhist church in Stockton, and keeping in touch with her Nisei friends.","extent":"1:38:22","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":965,"namepart":"Keiko Shinmoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Stockton, California","creation":"25-Jul-11","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Keiko Shinmoto narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-7","model":"entity","index":"9 1559/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},"title":"Yuriko Furubayashi Interview","description":"Yuriko Furubayashi was born in 1927 in Waimea, Hawai'i, as one of the ten children of the family. Her father had come to Hawai'i from Hiroshima in the mid-1910s as a contract worker on a pineapple plantation. He grew vegetables and kept chickens around the house to help feed the family. Her mother cooked Japanese food only in part because meat was hard to come by. Many of their co-workers on the plantation were Japanese, and Yuriko used to go to the after-school school at Hongan-ji with these co-workers' children. Her peers at the public school included Filipinos, Chinese, Polynesians, Portuguese, and Haoles. When she was ten years old, her uncle and aunt in Los Angeles, who had been successful owners of Olympic Hotel, took her to Japan. They were childless, so their plan was to make Yuriko the family's heir. Yuriko quickly adjusted to the life in Japan and graduated from high school. She was working in an airplane factory when the bomb was dropped on Hiroshima. Although she was not injured, she was irradiated because she walked through the city on the day after to look for her aunt and uncle. The entire city was still on fire. She saw many corpses and people with severe nuclear burns. She lost one of her uncles to the bomb. She also visited her friend working at an orphanage, and was struck by how many children had lost their parents to the bomb. In 1948, she went to Hawai'i to see her parents, thanks to the arrangement made by her brother who had come to Japan as part of the US occupation force. She decided that she did not want to go back to Hiroshima where memories of the destruction \"depressed\" her. She studied to regain her English and worked at her sister's bakery near Kahoku. She married a baker, and they became successful owners of another bakery named after their oldest son. Yuriko was somewhat worried about radiation effect when she was pregnant with her first child. She gained hibakusha techo (certificate of survivorhood) issued by the Japanese government in the 1960s. She also regularly attends the biannual health checkups conducted by Japanese physicians for American survivors.","extent":"2:52:35","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":968,"namepart":"Yuriko Furubayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Kailua, Hawai‘i","creation":"11-Jun-13","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yuriko Furubayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-7-1-mezzanine-681d36effc-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-356","model":"entity","index":"10 1560/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-356/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-356/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-356-mezzanine-fb55f1ea1b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-356-mezzanine-fb55f1ea1b-a.jpg"},"title":"Newspaper clipping regarding Francisco Franco","description":"Caption on reverse [translation]: \"Person of the Day: Franco. With Barcelona, the stronghold of the Spanish Popular Front, drawing the attention of all of Europe, no, of the entire world, voices have steadily gathered among elements of the right-wing elite, especially the military, calling for it to be taken and 'the fatherland saved from the evil hand of communism.' General Don Francisco Franco, the father of a rising Spain, became a central figure among these men when he boldly raised a force in Morocco in July 1936.\r\n\r\nFranco's father was a naval officer and he and both of his brothers entered the military; his older brother Nicolas and he entered the army while his younger brother Ramon entered the air force. General Franco graduated from the officers' school in Toledo at the age of 20 and was stationed as a young lieutenant in Morocco, which was referred to at the time as 'Spain's cancer.' There he formed the elite Spanish foreign legion and following the outbreak of the large Rif revolt, this 28 year old foreign legion commander was always at the front of his men on a white horse, earning great accolades. The way his foreign legion and native troops stood at the vanguard in this holy war provides ample proof of the general's bravery and virtue in the Moroccan war.\r\n\r\nFranco became a general officer at the young age of 34 and became director of the newly established military academy after returning to Spain. He then became Chief of the General Staff, but was pushed to the side and made military commander of the Canary Islands following the appearance of the Popular Front government in February 1936. But at a certain point he flew to Morocco, called upon the people to rise up via radio, and was soon back in Spain where he proclaimed a military dictatorship and set up the Popular Revolutionary Army's provisional government in Burgos. These brilliant activities were accomplished within a mere ten days. The days from that point until the present have been spent in a holy war against communism. Franco, a man suitably hot-blooded for Spain, has left a deep impression in its history. He was born in 1892.\"","extent":"3.25W x 3.75H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-1-356","format":"img","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Franco, Francisco"}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Burgos, Spain","creation":"c.1930s -1940s","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Franco, Francisco","download_large":"ddr-njpa-1-356-mezzanine-fb55f1ea1b-a.jpg"},{"id":"194","model":"narrator","index":"11 1561/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/194/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/194/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjames.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjames.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/194/interviews/"},"display_name":"James Yamazaki","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 6, 1916. Grew up in the Los Angeles area, where father was a Buddhist minister. Attended medical school before World War II. During the war, served in the U.S. Army as a doctor with the 106th Infantry Division in Europe. Captured during the Battle of the Bulge and was held in several prisoner of war camps in Germany. After returning to the U.S., worked as a pediatrician for a time before moving to Japan to study the effects of the atomic bombings on children in Hiroshima and Nagasaki."},{"id":"212","model":"narrator","index":"12 1562/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/212/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/212/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/amas.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/amas.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/212/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mas Akiyama","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 19, 1917, in Eastport, Idaho, and spent childhood in Spokane, Washington. In 1933 traveled to Japan with family where father became ill and died. Attended school in Japan for three years and then returned to Spokane in 1936 and worked on a farm. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, volunteered for military service but failed the medical examination. During the war, took brief trips to Manzanar concentration camp, California, a camp in Arkansas, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war worked as a painter of large signs in Spokane."},{"id":"323","model":"narrator","index":"13 1563/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/323/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/323/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fgeorge_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fgeorge_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/323/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Fujimoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 13, 1920 in Colusa, California. Raised in Ault, Colorado, where family operated produce and sugar beet farm. Assumed responsibility for farm at age 15 when father suffered debilitating accident. Drafted into Army in 1942. After basic training in Camp Robinson, Arkansas, transferred to Fort Riley, Kansas. Attended second basic training in Camp Shelby, Mississippi, when President Roosevelt activated the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Severely injured while guarding German POWs in Alabama. After war, moved to South Texas and operated several farms before opening a bowling alley."},{"id":"492","model":"narrator","index":"14 1564/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/492/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/492/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnellie.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mnellie.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/492/interviews/"},"display_name":"Nellie Mitani","bio":"Nisei female. Born January 31, 1919, in Mesa, Arizona. Grew up in Arizona, where family ran a produce farm. Attended college, and after marrying husband, a Methodist minister, moved to Bakersfield, California. During World War II, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. While in Poston, husband was picked up by the FBI and transferred to Crystal City incarceration camp, Texas, so Ms. Mitani moved to join her husband. They were then both transferred to the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After the war, eventually returned to California."},{"id":"387","model":"narrator","index":"15 1565/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/387/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/387/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/otoshikazu.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/otoshikazu.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/387/interviews/"},"display_name":"Toshikazu \"Tosh\" Okamoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 8, 1926, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Renton, Washington, where father operated a farm. During World War II, was removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Briefly transferred to the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Drafted into the army and served in Italy as a replacement troop for the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Following the war, became a mechanic in the motorpool for the Seattle Fire Department. Instrumental in establishing community service organizations such as Issei Concerns and Keiro nursing home in Seattle."},{"id":"393","model":"narrator","index":"16 1566/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/393/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/393/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/393/interviews/"},"display_name":"Grace Sugita Hawley","bio":"Sansei female. Born September 28, 1931, in Honolulu, Hawaii. Grew up in Honolulu, where parents owned and operated a bakery. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was picked up by the FBI and taken to the Sand Island internment camp, Hawaii. Family was removed to the mainland in order to reunite with father, and was taken to Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. After Jerome closed, transferred to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before settling in St. Paul, Minnesota. Also lived in Chicago, Illinois, before eventually returning permanently to Honolulu."},{"id":"505","model":"narrator","index":"17 1567/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/505/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/505/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/htakashi_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/htakashi_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/505/interviews/"},"display_name":"Takashi Hoshizaki","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 3, 1925, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles, where parents owned and operated a produce store. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. While in Heart Mountain, decided to resist the draft, and attended meetings of the Fair Play Committee. Tried for draft resistance, and served two years at the McNeil Island federal penitentiary. After the war, was pardoned by President Truman along with all of the other Japanese American wartime draft resisters."},{"id":"422","model":"narrator","index":"18 1568/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/422/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/422/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tkaz.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tkaz.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/422/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kaz T. Tanemura","bio":"Male, Issei-han. Born April 27, 1928, in Japan. As an infant, came to the U.S. where parents had previously immigrated. Family ran a hotel in Seattle's Pioneer Square neighborhood. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war, returned to Seattle, finished high school, and attended the University of Washington. Drafted into the military, and assigned to serve overseas as a high-ranked engineer. After military discharge, returned to Seattle and worked in management at The Boeing Company."},{"id":"438","model":"narrator","index":"19 1569/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/438/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/438/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge_3.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge_3.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/438/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Matsumoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 19, 1924, in San Francisco, California. At a young age, family moved to Ocean Park, California, where father ran a concession stand in an amusement park. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. While in camp, had numerous jobs, including as part of the kitchen staff. In 1943, refused to answer the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After being released from camp, resettled in Chicago, Illinois, before returning to California."},{"id":"220","model":"narrator","index":"20 1570/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/220/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/220/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/eseiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/eseiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/220/interviews/"},"display_name":"Seiko Edamatsu","bio":"Nisei female. Born July 18, 1919, in Seattle, Washington. Spent childhood in Seattle's Nihonmachi (Japantown) where parents ran the U.S. Hotel. Attended Bailey Gatzert Grade School and Washington Junior High School before moving to North Seattle with older siblings to operate a produce stand. Graduated from Roosevelt High School in 1937 and worked as a waitress at the Tokyo Cafe until 1941. Moved to Spokane, Washington, as part of the \"voluntary evacuation\" period in March 1942. Married husband Ed Edamatsu in 1944 and worked as a domestic until retirement."},{"id":"585","model":"narrator","index":"21 1571/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/585/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/585/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oatsumi.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oatsumi.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/585/interviews/"},"display_name":"Atsumi Ozawa","bio":"Nisei female. Born May 25, 1928, in Huancayo, Peru. Grew up in Huancayo, where father ran a successful store. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father went into hiding in an attempt to avoid being picked up by the Peruvian government. He was eventually found and picked up, and was reunited with family on the ship from Peru to the United States in 1944. Atsumi Ozawa was incarcerated with her family in the Crystal City internment camp, Texas. After leaving camp, worked for a time in Seabrook, New Jersey, and eventually moved to Chicago, Illinois."},{"id":"652","model":"narrator","index":"22 1572/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/652/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/652/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgrace_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/652/interviews/"},"display_name":"Grace Hata","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 5, 1930, in Gardena, California. Grew up in Gardena where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested and taken away by the FBI. During mass removal, family was sent to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and reunited with father. Following the Leave Clearance questionnaire in 1943, family transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and then repatriated to Japan. Grace lived and worked in Japan for a year and a half before returning to California, finishing school, and becoming a nurse."},{"id":"541","model":"narrator","index":"23 1573/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/541/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/541/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mjimmie.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mjimmie.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/541/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jimmie S. Matsuda","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 16, 1927, in Hood River, Oregon. Grew up in Hood River, where parents ran a farm. At the age of thirteen, went to Japan with family for a vacation and ended up staying there. Attended school in Japan and then was trained in the Japanese air force as a kamikaze pilot. Instead of being sent into combat, served as a translator because of English language skills. After the war, worked for the U.S. military as an interpreter during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Returned to the United States in the 1950s."},{"id":"554","model":"narrator","index":"24 1574/{'value': 1642, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/554/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/554/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/lhannah.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/lhannah.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/554/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hannah Lai","bio":"Nisei female. Born April 11, 1923, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Seattle, where parents ran a hotel. Went to live in Japan for several years prior to World War II. During the war, removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. While in Minidoka, recruited to teach elementary school, and later left camp to attend a teaching college in Wisconsin. After World War II, received a Fulbright scholarship to study special education methods in Japan. Returned to the United States and settled in Oakland, California."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Where","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}