(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:29:57","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":833,"namepart":"Edward H. Mitsukado"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Loni Ding"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Hawai'i","creation":"February 1, 1986","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Edward H. Mitsukado narrator \nLoni Ding interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-medward-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-456","model":"entity","index":"1 1101/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-456/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-456/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-456-mezzanine-930883cc17-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-456-mezzanine-930883cc17-a.jpg"},"title":"I.P.W. Team","description":"A group photograph of I.P.W. [= Interrogation of Prisoner of War] Team members. The English caption reads: As days went by, we are already reached near Yalu-river where between North Korea and China solders stay. No body got sick yet. how lucky. Translation of the Japanese caption: All 14 people survived. None of them got killed. ____. It looked like a hotel, and we took a group photo in front of the two story building. These members were English, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese language specialists and interrogated POWs. Item from: George Naohara scrapbook: Korean War and before leaving Japan (csudh_nao_0600). See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_04_033_005","extent":"black and white, 4 x 4 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-456","topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"Korean War","id":"466"},{"term":"Military service","id":"296"}],"format":"img","contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"North Korea","creation":"1950-1951","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-456-mezzanine-930883cc17-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-42-50","model":"entity","index":"2 1102/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-42-50/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-42-50/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-50-mezzanine-4511ff76f4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-50-mezzanine-4511ff76f4-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Tsuruno Meguro to Yoneko Takano, June, 1942","description":"A letter from Tsuruno Meguro in the Pomona Assembly Center to her daughter, Yoneko Takano in the Santa Anita Assembly Center. In the letter, Tsuruno describes the lives and conditions in the camp, including the hot weather, classes and entertainment, church, allowance and wages, and other incarcerees who she met in the camp. She writes about her neighbor's daughter whose father was interned in the Santa Fe Internment Camp in New Mexico. She also expresses her anxiety about their future, such as where to be transferred eventually. English translation is found in item: csudh_tak_0051. Typescript is found in item: csudh_tak_0052. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tak_01_28_001","extent":"4 pages, 8.5 x 11 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-42-50","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Meguro, Tsuruno"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Living conditions","id":"62"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Social and recreational activities","id":"63"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Religion","id":"410"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Pomona, California","facility":[{"term":"Pomona","id":"24"}],"creation":"1942-06","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Meguro, Tsuruno author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-42-50-mezzanine-4511ff76f4-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-187","model":"entity","index":"3 1103/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-187/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-187/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-187-mezzanine-db01c47e1b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-187-mezzanine-db01c47e1b-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Makoto Okine to Seiichi Okine, October 12, [1945] [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Makoto Okine to his father, Seiichi Okine in the Rohwer incarceration camp. It appears that he writes from Italy where he is stationed as a U. S. Army solder. He assumes that many people has left the Rohwer incarceration camp and it appears empty. He mentions that his brother, Masao's request [probably for the military family allowance] would be accepted. He has not been informed when he is going to be discharged but assumes that it would be around September 1946. He writes about his willingness to help his father after he returns home. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_31_002","extent":"1 page, 5.25 x 7 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-187","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Makoto"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Returning home","id":"106"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 442nd Regimental Combat Team","id":"89"},{"term":"Military service -- Post-World War II service","id":"297"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"[Italy]","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"}],"creation":"10/12/1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Makoto author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-187-mezzanine-db01c47e1b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-181","model":"entity","index":"4 1104/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-181/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-181/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-181-mezzanine-944c470672-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-181-mezzanine-944c470672-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Masao Okine to Dottie [Dorothy] Okine, May 10, 1946","description":"A letter from Masao Okine to his sister, Dorothy Okine. He writes from Tokyo, Japan, where he is stationed as a U.S. Army soldier. He asks Dorothy to send him cigarettes, candies, and gum. He sent the letter to her on April 23, 1946, however, it returned to Masao. He adds the notes, explaining why the letter was returned to him. It appears that Masao mailed the letter to Masao's wife, May Okine, in Chicago, Illinois, and she forwarded it to Dorothy Okine, addressing Mr. Seiichi Okine. The arrival date of the letter, May 27, 1946, is recorded on the backside of the envelope. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_26_001","extent":"1 page, 7.25 x 5.5 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-181","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Masao"}],"topics":[{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Tokyo, Japan","creation":"1946-04-23; 1946-05-10;","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Masao author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-181-mezzanine-944c470672-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-57-40","model":"entity","index":"5 1105/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-57-40/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-57-40/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-57/ddr-csujad-57-40-mezzanine-ef1ee19a3d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-57/ddr-csujad-57-40-mezzanine-ef1ee19a3d-a.jpg"},"title":"First California yearly meeting of Friends","description":"Rows of chairs are filled with male and female spectators facing a stage at the front of a room, where two rows of black-clad men and women sit and stand. A framed photograph of John Greenleaf Whittier hangs on the wall above the people on stage, along with some streamers. [Printed on paper attached to matboard] First California Yearly Meeting of Friends Church. R. H. Gardiner, Artist. [Followed by lists of names from various states.] [Handwritten on verso] First yearly meeting of California assmebled inside Whittier College Auditorium, Founders Hall, March 1895. Title from attached paper. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: FFC-0039","extent":"Electronic copy only;","links_children":"ddr-csujad-57-40","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Gardiner, R. H."}],"topics":[{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Whittier Public Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","location":"Whittier, California","creation":"1895-03","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gardiner, R. H. photographer","download_large":"ddr-csujad-57-40-mezzanine-ef1ee19a3d-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-6","model":"entity","index":"6 1106/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-6-mezzanine-07b073cc02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-6-mezzanine-07b073cc02-a.jpg"},"title":"Assembly center new arrivals","description":"Original WRA caption: Stockton, California. Arrival at Assembly center at 12:45 pm. This assembly center has been open for one week. This group was evacuated from their homes in the Lodi district (grape area) this morning. Their identification numbers and family groups are checked by officials as they get off the bus. They are then directed to the place where their baggage is checked for contraband. After which they are medically examined and then proceed to their assigned place in the barracks. Eight bus loads will arrive at this center today. More than 70,000 citizens and aliens of Japanese ancestry have by this date been removed to assembly centers or in reception centers. These evacuees have need for very little household equipment in this new life, but many are seen bringing in new brooms.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-6","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Living conditions","id":"62"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Stockton Assembly Center, California","facility":[{"term":"Stockton","id":"16"}],"creation":"19-May-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-6-mezzanine-07b073cc02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-67","model":"entity","index":"7 1107/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-67/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-67/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-tgus-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-tgus-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Gus Tanaka Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 3, 1923, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, where father was a physician in Japantown. Was attending college prior to World War II. During the war, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp to attend college before being drafted in 1944. Served in the Army Specialized Training Unit during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Returned to medical school after military service and became a physician practicing in Ontario, Oregon.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:59:52","links_children":"ddr-one-7-67","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":783,"namepart":"Gus Tanaka"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Linda Tamura"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0064611","namepart":"Tanaka, Augustus Masashi"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Ontario, Oregon","creation":"April 23, 2014","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gus Tanaka narrator \nLinda Tamura interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Tanaka, Augustus Masashi 88922nr0064611","download_large":"denshovh-tgus-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-54","model":"entity","index":"8 1108/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-54/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-54/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-myoji-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-myoji-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yoji J. Matsushima Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born January 31, 1933, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, where parents ran a general merchandise store. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp for the East Coast because parents wanted to repatriate to Japan. Did not secure a place on the USS Gripsholm, so remained in the United States and went to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas. After the war, returned to Portland.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:33:33","links_children":"ddr-one-7-54","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":761,"namepart":"Yoji J. Matsushima"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Valerie Otani"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Ian McCluskey"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rd1j","namepart":"Matsushima, Yoji Julius"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Portland, Oregon","creation":"November 15, 2013","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yoji J. Matsushima narrator \nValerie Otani interviewer \nIan McCluskey videographer Matsushima, Yoji Julius 88922nr005rd1j","download_large":"denshovh-myoji-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1010-6","model":"entity","index":"9 1109/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1010-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1010-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-ieddie-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-ieddie-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Eddie M. Inaba Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born May 9, 1917, in Walnut Grove, California. Parents worked at Canal Ranch, an agricultural community, where they grew produce for Libby, McNeill & Libby. Parents also owned and ran a bar in Walnut Grove. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Merced Assembly Center, California, and Granada (Amache) concentration camp, Colorado. After leaving camp, lived in Chicago and Denver before returning to Walnut Grove. Established a successful Japanese import business, opening grocery stores all over the West Coast.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:59:53","links_children":"ddr-densho-1010-6","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":430,"namepart":"Eddie M. Inaba"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jill Shiraki"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr003cw5g","namepart":"Inaba, Edward Minoru"}],"contributor":"Preserving California's Japantowns Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Sacramento, California","creation":"December 11, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Eddie M. Inaba narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nJill Shiraki interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Inaba, Edward Minoru 88922nr003cw5g","download_large":"denshovh-ieddie-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1003-1","model":"entity","index":"10 1110/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1003-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1003-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-mkiyo_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1003/denshovh-mkiyo_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kiyo Maruyama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 28, 1920, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in the Glendale area, where father ran a gardening business. Was in college at UC Berkeley when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Chicago. Drafted into the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan. Returned to California and started an accounting firm. Became involved in many community organizations in Los Angeles.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:00:23","links_children":"ddr-densho-1003-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":616,"namepart":"Kiyo Maruyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009pg9g","namepart":"Maruyama, Kiyoshi"}],"contributor":"Friends of Manzanar Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"October 24, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kiyo Maruyama narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Maruyama, Kiyoshi 88922nr009pg9g","download_large":"denshovh-mkiyo_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-388","model":"entity","index":"11 1111/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-388/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-388/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kelsa-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kelsa-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Elsa Kudo Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born September 29, 1936, in Canete, Peru. Grew up in Peru where parents ran a successful store. During World War II, father was arrested by the FBI and removed from the family. Elsa and her mother and siblings were deported from Peru and taken by ship to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, and reunited with her father. After leaving camp, the family worked at Seabrook Farms, New Jersey, and then moved to Chicago, Illinois. Elsa eventually resettled in Hawaii.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:44:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-388","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":636,"namepart":"Elsa Kudo"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Kelli Nakamura"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Mathew Medeiros"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honolulu, Hawaii","creation":"February 6, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Elsa Kudo narrator \nKelli Nakamura interviewer \nMathew Medeiros videographer","download_large":"denshovh-kelsa-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-367","model":"entity","index":"12 1112/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-367/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-367/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kfrank_4-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kfrank_4-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank S. Kawana Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born June 29, 1933, in Graham, Washington. Moved with family at an early age to Los Angeles, California, where father owned and operated a kamaboko business. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. After leaving camp, lived briefly with family in a trailer camp before returning to Los Angeles. Served in the Korean War. After military service, established a successful business, becoming the first to introduce surimi into the U.S. seafood market.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:42:45","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-367","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":609,"namepart":"Frank S. Kawana"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Sharon Yamato"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr004588m","namepart":"Kawana, Sadao Frank"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 19, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank S. Kawana narrator \nSharon Yamato interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Kawana, Sadao Frank 88922nr004588m","download_large":"denshovh-kfrank_4-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-322","model":"entity","index":"13 1113/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-322/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-322/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mjohn-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mjohn-01-a.jpg"},"title":"John Kats Marumoto Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born 1927 in Terminal Island, California. Grew up on Terminal Island, where father was a fisherman. Lived in Japan for a short time in 1941. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Compton after the Japanese Americans were excluded from Terminal Island. Removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, worked on a fishing boat in Mexico. Drafted into the military in the 1950s and served in Japan. After the war, returned to California.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:18:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-322","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":552,"namepart":"John Kats Marumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009pc74","namepart":"Marumoto, Katsuyuki"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"June 28, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"John Kats Marumoto narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Marumoto, Katsuyuki 88922nr009pc74","download_large":"denshovh-mjohn-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-378","model":"entity","index":"14 1114/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-378/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-378/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-semi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-semi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Emi Somekawa Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born May 10, 1918, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in the small town of Brooks, Oregon, where parents ran a farm. Prior to World War II, became a nurse, married, and had a child. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and worked in the camp's hospital. Transferred for one year to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war, eventually returned to Portland and resumed nursing career.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:19:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-378","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":620,"namepart":"Emi Somekawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010zw5t","namepart":"Somekawa, Emiko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 21, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Emi Somekawa narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Somekawa, Emiko 88922nr010zw5t","download_large":"denshovh-semi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-402","model":"entity","index":"15 1115/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-402/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-402/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-asam-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-asam-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sam Araki Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born July 12, 1931, in Saratoga, California. Grew up in Saratoga, where father worked as a gardener on a large estate. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father moved the family inland to Reedley in an attempt to avoid mass removal. Eventually removed to Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, returned to California and graduated from Stanford University with a master's in mechanical engineer. Went on to establish a prestigous career in the aerospace industry, becoming president of Lockheed Martin Missiles & Space.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:51:05","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-402","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":651,"namepart":"Sam Araki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010b43v","namepart":"Araki, Minoru"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"March 21, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sam Araki narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Araki, Minoru 88922nr010b43v","download_large":"denshovh-asam-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-2-48","model":"entity","index":"16 1116/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-2-48/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-2-48/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-2/ddr-densho-2-48-mezzanine-e9118141b7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-2/ddr-densho-2-48-mezzanine-e9118141b7-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Americans digging for shells","description":"Left to right: Peggie Yorita, Margaret Frost (wife of one of the camp's teachers), Kumataro Nishimura, and his wife, Kadju, dig and sift for shells at the Tule Lake concentration camp. Kumataro made the sieve by hand from scrap lumber and wire from a door screen. The shells were bleached and used for jewelry-making, which was a popular pastime for people in camp. Tule Lake was drained in the early 1900s. The camp was located on the old lake bed, where people found shells for making jewelry to sell to camp personnel. Shells were scarce, and digging became competitive. To beat the rush, some people got up at sunrise and dug waist-deep holes in order to find the shells. Some had homemade wire sieves for sifting the sand.","extent":"2727W x 1619H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-2-48","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Yorita, Peggie"},{"namepart":"Frost, Margaret"},{"namepart":"Nishimura, Kumataro"},{"namepart":"Nishimura, Kadju"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Tule Lake concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Topaz (Central Utah)","id":"1"}],"creation":"c.1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yorita, Peggie \nFrost, Margaret \nNishimura, Kumataro \nNishimura, Kadju","download_large":"ddr-densho-2-48-mezzanine-e9118141b7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1024-1","model":"entity","index":"17 1117/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1024-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1024-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-1-mezzanine-896f8d13c3-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-1-mezzanine-896f8d13c3-a.jpg"},"title":"I Told You So","description":"Poet Lawson Inada shows how growing up in Fresno, California influenced his writing. He visits Tule Lake, the largest of the American concentration camps, where Japanese Americans, two-thirds of whom were American citizens, were imprisoned during World War II.\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Densho Resource Guide at: I Told You So.\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Digital Library of the Japanese American Incarceration Films at: https://archive.org/details/ddr-densho-1024-1.","extent":"00:17:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-1024-1","creators":[{"role":"filmmaker","namepart":"Kondo,Alan"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Fresno","id":"482"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Literary arts -- Poetry","id":"246"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"motion_picture","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"1974","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kondo,Alan filmmaker","download_large":"ddr-densho-1024-1-mezzanine-896f8d13c3-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-2","model":"entity","index":"18 1118/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-hgordon-06-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-hgordon-06-a.jpg"},"title":"Gordon Hirabayashi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born April 23, 1918, in Seattle, Washington. Spent most of his childhood in Thomas, Washington, where his parents were part of a Christian farming co-op. Attended the University of Washington where he was active in the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), the conscientious objector movement, and became a Quaker. At the outbreak of World War II, he was one of only a handful of individuals to challenge the curfew and removal orders being enforced against Japanese on the West Coast, citing \"Christian principles,\" and asserting \"a duty to maintain the democratic standards for which this nation lives.\" He turned himself in to the FBI, was found guilty, and served time for violating the curfew order, and failing to report for \"evacuation.\" While serving time for this conviction, Gordon was served with a draft notice and again, refused to comply. He subsequently served another period of time as a draft resister. In 1983, a team of attorneys filed a petition for writ of error coram nobis in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington in Seattle. Gordon's convictions surrounding the incarceration were vacated by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on September 24, 1987, which argued in part that, \"racial bias was the cornerstone of the internment orders.\"
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:15:22","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":19,"namepart":"Gordon Hirabayashi"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Edmonton, Alberta, Canada","creation":"October 25, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gordon Hirabayashi narrator","download_large":"denshovh-hgordon-06-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-38-344","model":"entity","index":"19 1119/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-38-344/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-38-344/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-344-mezzanine-ee6fcb2c9e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-38/ddr-csujad-38-344-mezzanine-ee6fcb2c9e-a.jpg"},"title":"Souvenir of Southern Oregon and Shasta Cascade Wonderland from Wataru Hishikawa","description":"A collection of pictures of Southern Oregon and Shasta Cascade Wonderland, which is a souvenir from Wataru Hishikawa to Mitzi Masukawa Naohara. Wataru sent it from the Tule Lake camp in California, where he was transferred from the Poston camp in Arizona, to Mitzi, who was an incarceree remained in the Poston camp. It appears that he purchased the souvenir during the trip transferred from the Poston camp to the Tule Lake camp. The caption reads: Souvenir of Southern Oregon and Shasta Cascade Wonderland from Wataru Hishikawa, 1306-13-D Newel, California, 1943. Title from caption. An item from: Mitzi Naohara scrapbook (csudh_nao_0400), page 1. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: nao_03_02_003","extent":"18 pages, color illustrations, 4 x 6 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-38-344","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hishikawa, Wataru"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp","id":"101"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"},{"term":"Poston (Colorado River)","id":"2"}],"creation":"1943-1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hishikawa, Wataru author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-38-344-mezzanine-ee6fcb2c9e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-42-83","model":"entity","index":"20 1120/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-42-83/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-42-83/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-83-mezzanine-d3e9236220-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-42/ddr-csujad-42-83-mezzanine-d3e9236220-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Tsuruno Meguro to Fumio Fred and Yoneko Takano, June 21, 1945","description":"A letter from Tsuruno Meguro to her son-in-law and daughter, Fumio Fred and Yoneko Takano in Chicago, Illinois. She writes from Santa Clarita, California, where she has been reestablishing her life after the forced evacuation and incarceration. The letter explains about the reason why she has not moved to Los Angles, California, but instead to Saugus, Santa Clarita, California. She includes updates on her and Kumaji's lives, and informs of their financially self-sufficient conditions. She also expresses her happiness to return to California after the anxious and agonizing experiences during the incarceration. English translation is found in item: csudh_tak_0084. Typescript is found in item: csudh_tak_0085. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: tak_01_40_001","extent":"7 pages, 5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-42-83","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Meguro, Tsuruno"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Returning home","id":"106"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Farming","id":"345"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Santa Clarita, California","creation":"6/21/1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Meguro, Tsuruno author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-42-83-mezzanine-d3e9236220-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-189","model":"entity","index":"21 1121/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-189/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-189/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-189-mezzanine-7056cbc0a1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-189-mezzanine-7056cbc0a1-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Masao Okine to Mr. and Mrs. S. Okine, March 30, 1946, [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Masao Okine to his parents, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine. He writes from Japan where he is stationed as a Nisei soldier. In the letter, he writes about his duties in Japan, driving a truck. He also writes about the illness of his brother, Makoto, who is also stationed in Italy as a Nisei soldier. He informs that he has been trying to help his father to receive the military family allowance which Seiichi Okine has not received since they moved out from the camp. The letter is mailed via San Francisco by the U.S. Army Postal Service. The arrival date, Aprils 10, 1946, is recorded. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: oki_02_33_001","extent":"3 pages, 10 x 6.75 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-189","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Masao"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- 442nd Regimental Combat Team","id":"89"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Japan","creation":"3/30/1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Masao author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-189-mezzanine-7056cbc0a1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-52-36","model":"entity","index":"22 1122/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-52-36/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-52-36/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-52/ddr-csujad-52-36-mezzanine-6d4cad0c1d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-52/ddr-csujad-52-36-mezzanine-6d4cad0c1d-a.jpg"},"title":"Hana Tada leading a group of Japanese Americans in singing \"God Bless America\" at a service in 1984","description":"Caption above image reads, \"GOD BLESS AMERICA--Hana Tada, 93, (center) leads group of Japanese-Americans in singing 'God Bless America' at a service here 2/19 commemorating the internment of them & 3,600 other Japanese-Americans in camps here during WWII. Tada & her group do not speak English, saying they were too busy making livings as farmers to learn, & sang using phonics. They said it was their duty to their nation to participate in the service, where a plaque designating the internment area here as a state historical landmark. The Japanese-Americans were held in the rodeo grounds here as a security measure, the War Department said.\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: hslb_npc_0040","extent":"black and white, 8 x 10.5 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-52-36","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Associated Press"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Elders","id":"510"},{"term":"Reflections on the past -- Camp pilgrimages","id":"81"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers","id":"61"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Historical Society of Long Beach, Long Beach, California","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","location":"Salinas, California","facility":[{"term":"Salinas","id":"18"}],"creation":"2/19/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Associated Press publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-52-36-mezzanine-6d4cad0c1d-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-997","model":"entity","index":"23 1123/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-997/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-997/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-997-mezzanine-af3a3cd24e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-997-mezzanine-af3a3cd24e-a.jpg"},"title":"Naval Minister Yonai and Captain Paul Wenneker","description":"Caption on reverse [translation]: \"(Tokyo) July 30, 1937. Captain Paul Wenneker, who has served as naval attache to the German embassy for three years, seven months, will depart from Yokohama on the 31st to begin a bright future as captain of the famous pocket battleship Deutschland. He will be replaced by Captain Richman. Wenneker visited the Ministry of the Navy at 10 a.m. on the 30th to give his farewell where he was presented with the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 3rd Class by Minister Yonai. He also received a vase from His Highness Naval Chief of Staff Prince Fushimi with the prince's crest on it and an old warrior's helmet from the minister, which he accepted quite gladly. Photograph: 1. Naval Minister Yonai (right) and Captain Wenneker (left). (the gifted helmet is in the center).\"","extent":"5.75W x 4H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-1-997","format":"img","language":["jpn"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Wenneker, Paul"}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Tokyo, Japan","creation":"July 30, 1937","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Wenneker, Paul","download_large":"ddr-njpa-1-997-mezzanine-af3a3cd24e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-4","model":"entity","index":"24 1124/{'value': 1655, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-4-mezzanine-7ce637ef82-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-4-mezzanine-7ce637ef82-a.jpg"},"title":"Tetsuo \"Ted\" Hasegawa Interview","description":"Ted Hasegawa was born on January 16, 1921, in Sacramento, California, and educated in Japan. When he returned to Torrance, California, where his parents farmed, he started kindergarten at the age of 11. After high school, he took automotive classes at a trade school in Los Angeles. Hasegawa witnessed the mass eviction of Japanese residents from Terminal Island and was later imprisoned with his family at Santa Anita Race Track and concentration camps in California and Rohwer, Arkansas. He was drafted by the US Army and released because of poor health. He worked as a mechanic for Chevrolet in Chicago and at a vineyard near Lodi before returning to Torrance in 1948. In Torrance he opened an automotive repair business. \r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:53:05","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","namepart":"Tetsuo \"Ted\" Hasegawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Diana Tanaka"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"South Bay JACL","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"California","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"},{"term":"Santa Anita","id":"23"}],"creation":"July 26, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsuo \"Ted\" Hasegawa narrator \nDiana Tanaka interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-4-mezzanine-7ce637ef82-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Where","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}