This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:05:54","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-343-16","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":580,"namepart":"Betty Tanakatsubo"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Cleveland, Ohio","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7013608\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Skokie, Illinois","creation":"June 15, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Betty Tanakatsubo narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-tbetty-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-343-15","model":"segment","index":"6 1231/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-343-15/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-343-15/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tbetty-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-tbetty-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Betty Tanakatsubo Interview Segment 15","description":"Taking a job with the War Relocation Authority
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:11:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-343-15","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":580,"namepart":"Betty Tanakatsubo"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"Cleveland, Ohio","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7013608\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Skokie, Illinois","creation":"June 15, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Betty Tanakatsubo narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-tbetty-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-243","model":"entity","index":"7 1232/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-243/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-243/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-243-mezzanine-06a91efcff-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-243-mezzanine-06a91efcff-a.jpg"},"title":"Signed letter from H. L. Stafford, Project Director at Minidoka War Relocation Project, to Edward J. Ennis, Director, Enemy Alien Control Unit, on the approval of Dr. Koyama's parole with docketing and filing stamps","description":"Photocopy of a declassified typed letter from H.L. Stafford, Project Director of the Minidoka War Relocation Project, to Edward J. Ennis, Director, Enemy Alien Control Unit. Mr. Stafford writes about his interaction with Mrs. Koyama and her efforts to have her husband paroled. He is forwarding to Washington, D.C., a copy of her testimony. The letter is copied to War Relocation Authority letterhead and contains docketing and filing stamps. It is signed by Vernon P. Shook, Associate Counselor of the Minidoka War Relocation Project.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-243","creators":[{"role":"Project Director","namepart":"Stafford, H.L."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Family reunification","id":"527"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Ennis, Edward J."},{"namepart":"Donaugh, Carl C."},{"namepart":"Alien Enemy Control Unit"},{"namepart":"Department of Justice"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Hunt","id":"491"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"12/1/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Stafford, H.L. Project Director Koyama, Keizaburo \nEnnis, Edward J. \nDonaugh, Carl C. \nAlien Enemy Control Unit \nDepartment of Justice","download_large":"ddr-one-5-243-mezzanine-06a91efcff-a.jpg"},{"id":"375","model":"narrator","index":"8 1233/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/375/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/375/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/imary.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/imary.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/375/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mary Suzuki Ichino","bio":"Nisei female. Born December 9, 1924, in Stockton, California. Grew up Sacramento and Boyle Heights, California. Attended the Maryknoll Catholic school in Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to Los Angeles and worked for the War Relocation Authority, providing assistance to returning Japanese Americans seeking housing and jobs."},{"id":"ddr-densho-483-133","model":"entity","index":"9 1234/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-483-133/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-483-133/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-483/ddr-densho-483-133-mezzanine-dfa6cdc7a5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-483/ddr-densho-483-133-mezzanine-dfa6cdc7a5-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Tsutomu Fukuyama","description":"Letter from Tsutomu Fukuyama describing living conditions in Minidoka. Topics described include housing, schooling, commerce, and the federated Christian church. The letter also describes the stated purpose of the War Relocation Authority and the resettlement of students and families.","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-483-133","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fukuyama, Tsutomu"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Construction","id":"534"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Minidoka Irrigator","id":"173"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Religion","id":"75"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Politics and self-governance","id":"537"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/ddr001wg1","namepart":"Fukuyama, Tsutomu Tom"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Hunt, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"c. 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He is seen with other young students now spending the duration in a War Relocation Authority center.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-279","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Fujii, Bill"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Sacramento Assembly Center, California","facility":[{"term":"Sacramento","id":"14"}],"creation":"20-May-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer Fujii, Bill","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-279-mezzanine-29975fdaa7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-194","model":"entity","index":"11 1236/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-194/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-194/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-194-mezzanine-bf2c8314bd-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-194-mezzanine-bf2c8314bd-a.jpg"},"title":"Closing barn on day of mass removal","description":"Original caption: Centerville, California. Nailing the hayloft door on the morning of evacuation. Farmers and other evacuees of Japanese ancestry will be given opportunities to follow their callings at War Relocation Authority centers where they will spend the duration.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-194","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Economic losses","id":"59"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- \"Evacuation Day\"","id":"190"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Centerville, California","creation":"9-May-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-194-mezzanine-bf2c8314bd-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-118","model":"entity","index":"12 1237/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-118/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-118/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-118-mezzanine-95c3f52796-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-118-mezzanine-95c3f52796-a.jpg"},"title":"Farewell letter posted in Chinatown shop","description":"Original caption: San Francisco, California. Letter of appreciation posted in window of Pacific Dry Goods Company, 434-440 Grant Avenue, in San Francisco's Chinatown. Evacuees of Japanese descent will be housed at War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-118","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Economic losses","id":"59"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"April 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-118-mezzanine-95c3f52796-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-117","model":"entity","index":"13 1238/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-117/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-117/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-117-mezzanine-5549359a97-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-117-mezzanine-5549359a97-a.jpg"},"title":"Farewell letter posted in Chinatown restaurant","description":"Original caption: San Francisco, California. Farewell letter posted in show window of T.Z. Shiota, importer in San Francisco's Chinatown, prior to evacuation of residents of Japanese ancestry. Evacuees will be housed at War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-117","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Economic losses","id":"59"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Shiota, T.Z."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"April 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer Shiota, T.Z.","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-117-mezzanine-5549359a97-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-1640","model":"entity","index":"14 1239/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-1640/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-1640/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-1640-mezzanine-9cf9b13051-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-1640-mezzanine-9cf9b13051-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Dillon S. Myer, Director, War Relocation Authority, to WRA staff members, October 1942","description":"Correspondence from Dillon S. Myer to WRA Staff Members regarding the cultural background of Japanese incarcerees and the work of John F. Embree. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_1642","extent":"1 page; 10.5 x 8 inches, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-1640","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Myer, Dillon S. (Dillon Seymour), 1891-1982"},{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"District of Columbia","creation":"1942-10","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Myer, Dillon S. 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See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0990","extent":"2 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-988","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Kennedy, Vernon R."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Chicago, Illinois","creation":"4/1/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kennedy, Vernon R. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-988-mezzanine-7b26df0352-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-435","model":"entity","index":"16 1241/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-435/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-435/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-435-mezzanine-2ec6112b2e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-435-mezzanine-2ec6112b2e-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese American reading in library","description":"Original caption: Manzanar Relocation Center, Manzanar, California. A barrack building has been turned into a library at this War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry. A trained librarian of Japanese ancestry employs techniques in the management of this library which already contains a large stock of books donated by friends.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-435","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1-Jul-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-435-mezzanine-2ec6112b2e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-375","model":"entity","index":"17 1242/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-375/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-375/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-375-mezzanine-189cbee80c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-375-mezzanine-189cbee80c-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese American in field","description":"Original caption: Manzanar Relocation Center, Manzanar, California. Ogura Shuichi, born in Pasadena. He attended Pasadena Junior College and was a visiting student at the California Institute of Technology. He is now working as a plant statistician for the guayule rubber experiment project at this War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-375","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Ogura, Shuichi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"3-Jul-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer Ogura, Shuichi","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-375-mezzanine-189cbee80c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-34","model":"entity","index":"18 1243/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-34/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-34/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-34-mezzanine-1527f3b2f6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-34-mezzanine-1527f3b2f6-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Americans standing in line for soap","description":"Original WRA caption: Manzanar Relocation Center, Manzanar, California. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry at this War Relocation Authority center line up at Warehouse Number 26 for their allotment of soap. Four bars of soap are distributed to each apartment on designated days. One representative of each apartment room must appear presenting his identification tag.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-34","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1-Jul-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-34-mezzanine-1527f3b2f6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-387","model":"entity","index":"19 1244/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-387/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-387/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-387-mezzanine-399b69c3d0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-387-mezzanine-399b69c3d0-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Americans experimenting with guayule","description":"Original caption: Manzanar Relocation Center, Manzanar, California. Chemists, nurserymen, and plant propagators at this War Relocation Authority center assemble to witness a new experiment in an attempt to resolve the amount of rubber produced in a small quantity of the guayule plant. Frank Hirosawa, research rubber chemist, is seated in the foreground.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-387","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"28-Jun-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-387-mezzanine-399b69c3d0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-390","model":"entity","index":"20 1245/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-390/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-390/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-390-mezzanine-8264650027-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-390-mezzanine-8264650027-a.jpg"},"title":"Field crew foreman","description":"Original caption: Manzanar Relocation Center, Manzanar, California. Johnny Fukazawa, foreman of fields Numbers 3, 4, 5, and 6, heading a 20-man field crew on the farm project, says there are many problems they have to solve in their agricultural work at this War Relocation Authority center for evacuees of Japanese ancestry.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-390","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Fukazawa, Johnny"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Manzanar concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"30-Jun-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer Fukazawa, Johnny","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-390-mezzanine-8264650027-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-102","model":"entity","index":"21 1246/{'value': 1547, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-102/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-102/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-102-mezzanine-73f71f07fb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-102-mezzanine-73f71f07fb-a.jpg"},"title":"Supplementary statement by Mr. D. S. Myer before the Sub-Committee of the Military Affairs, Committee of the U. S. Senate","description":"Report by Dillon Myer regarding the history and activities of the War Relocation Authority and the \"relocation program.\" Includes a memorandum of understanding between the WRA and the War Department, description of problems with the \"evacuation program,\" evacuation of Hawaii, administrative policies on housing, food, education, medical care, employment, public works, community welfare, community enterprises, community government, policies on leaving camp, work leave, group leave, temporary and indefinite leave, evacuee property, activities of the Federal Reserve Bank, activities of the Farm Security Administration, and organization and functions of the War Relocation Authority. 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