(This interview was conducted as part of a project to capture stories of the Japanese American community of Spokane, Washington. Densho worked in collaboration with the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture.)","extent":"04:03:17","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-187","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":211,"namepart":"George Yamada"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Megan Asaka"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"March 15 & 16, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Yamada narrator \nMegan Asaka interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ygeorge_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-29-16","model":"entity","index":"9 359/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-29-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-29-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-16-mezzanine-a33c4d6f15-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-29/ddr-csujad-29-16-mezzanine-a33c4d6f15-a.jpg"},"title":"An Oral History with Lillie Y. McCabe, Part I","description":"An oral history with Lillie Y. McCabe, an incarceree at the Santa Anita Temporary Assembly Center and the Granada (Amache) incarceration camp. This interview was conducted for the Japanese American Oral History Project by California State University, Fullerton. The interview covers her childhood in Hollister, California, her family background; moving to Los Angeles, California in 1920 and marrying her husband, Ernest Yamada in 1928; how the outbreak of World War II affected the family, particularly the events that took place after Pearl Harbor; her transfer to Santa Anita and the conditions therein, and her recollections of the Santa Anita Riot of August 1942. She also discusses her husband's role during the war; how other family members dealt with anti-Japanese discrimination; her further move to Amache in September of 1942 and the conditions there, including an incident where investigators came to interview her regarding camp life; life after camp, including moving back to Los Angeles, retrieving possessions, and finding work. She also describes the discrimination against Japanese people after the war and lessons she learned from being incarcerated. This oral history was conducted for the Japanese American Oral History Project, Oral History Program, CSU Fullerton. Transcript is found in item: csufccop_jaoh_0032. Photograph is found in item: csufccop_jaoh_0034. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: 1949.1_T01","extent":"1:32:11","links_children":"ddr-csujad-29-16","creators":[{"role":"interviewee","namepart":"McCabe, Lillie Y"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Yamada, Jeffrey B."},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"California State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Colorado","id":"275"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers","id":"61"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\")","id":"57"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath","id":"48"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Living conditions","id":"62"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Fullerton Center for Oral and Public History","rights":"nocc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California; Amache, Colorado; Arcadia, California; Hollister, California","facility":[{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"},{"term":"Santa Anita","id":"23"}],"creation":"10/19/1987","status":"completed","search_hidden":"McCabe, Lillie Y interviewee \nYamada, Jeffrey B. interviewer \nCalifornia State University, Fullerton. Center for Oral and Public History publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-29-16-mezzanine-a33c4d6f15-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-14","model":"entity","index":"10 360/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Lorraine Bannai Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, CA. Grew up in Gardena, CA, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:08:03","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-14","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":112,"namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lorraine Bannai narrator","download_large":"denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"407","model":"narrator","index":"11 361/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/407/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/407/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/qchizuko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/qchizuko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/407/interviews/"},"display_name":"Chizuko Judy Sugita de Quieiroz","bio":"Nisei female. Born September 15, 1932, in Lodi, California. Grew up in Jersey Island, a small island in the Sacramento Delta. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, returned with family to Los Angeles, California. Graduated from Long Beach State and earned a Masters in Art from California State University, Dominguez Hills. Taught in the Palos Verdes School District, eventually becoming Art Department Chair. After retiring from teaching, pursued art full-time, becoming a renowned watercolorist."},{"id":"1067","model":"narrator","index":"12 362/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1067/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1067/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-16_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-16_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1067/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Oye","bio":"Kibei male. Born 1915 in Florin, California. From age seven to seventeen, lived in Japan when the family decided to move there. Returned to the United States in 1932 and attended school. Accepted into the California civil services, but was fired after World War II began. During the war, removed to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Left camp with sister and her husband and found a job at the University of Pennsylvania. Eventually spent career working for the American Friends Service Committee."},{"id":"296","model":"narrator","index":"13 363/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/296/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/296/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bkazuko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/bkazuko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/296/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kazuko Uno Bill","bio":"Nisei female. Born June 5, 1921, in Seattle, Washington. Raised in South Park, Washington where family operated a small produce farm. Attended Cleveland High School and the University of Washington. Was in senior year of college on December 7, 1941. Father picked up by FBI following the bombing of Pearl Harbor and sent to Missoula internment camp, Montana. Family removed to Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Worked as lab technician in Tule Lake hospital. Left camp to attend Women's Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Did residency in tuberculosis hospital in Detroit, Michigan, specializing in radiology. Practiced in Michigan, Tennessee, Washington and California before retiring in 1991."},{"id":"557","model":"narrator","index":"14 364/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/557/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/557/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tpaul_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tpaul_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/557/interviews/"},"display_name":"Paul Takagi","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 3, 1923, in Auburn, California. Grew up in the Sacramento Valley, where parents ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. Worked as a hospital orderly in camp. Forced to sit with a young man who had been shot during the \"Manzanar Riot,\" and quit job as an orderly as a result of this incident. Served in the Military Intelligence Service. Left camp and attended the University of Illinois for a time, then moved to Berkeley to complete school. While a professor at Berkeley, published numerous findings, including studies regarding police use of deadly force."},{"id":"979","model":"narrator","index":"15 365/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/979/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/979/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-3_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-3_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/979/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenji Tomita","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 25, 1924, in Alameda, California. Grew up in Alameda, where father ran a food wholesaling business. Was in high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Left Topaz on student leave to attend the University of Cincinnati. Drafted into the military in 1944, and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan. After discharge, returned to the Bay Area, graduated from college with a business degree, and worked for the Department of Public Health. Longtime volunteer with the Japanese American Services of the East Bay."},{"id":"195","model":"narrator","index":"16 366/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/195/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dave Tatsuno","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 31, 1913, in San Francisco, California. Spent difficult childhood years in San Francisco under care of a guardian while family lived in Japan. Graduated with a degree in business administration from the University of California at Berkeley before World War II. Removed to Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and then to Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in Topaz, was permitted to travel around the country as a buyer for the camp co-op store, and also obtained permission to shoot home movie footage from within the camp itself. After World War II, established the Nichibei Bussan Department Store in San Jose's Japantown."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-2","model":"entity","index":"17 367/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-2-1-mezzanine-e239ceb700-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-2-1-mezzanine-e239ceb700-a.jpg"},"title":"Geri Handa Interview","description":"Geri Handa was born in San Jose, California, in 1948, and studied in the early 1970s at the School of Social Welfare at the University of California, Los Angeles, with a focus on community organizing and social services for seniors. She joined Asians for Community Actions in San Jose and worked at Keiro Nursing Home in Los Angeles while she was still attending the school. In the early 1980s, Handa became involved with Friends of Hibakusha, a group created in support of US survivors of the atomic bombings. Since then, she has been one of the most active members of the organization. A Sansei, Handa has worked with Sansei lawyers and attorneys who took interest in US hibakusha from civil rights viewpoints, including Donald K. Tamaki whose oral history is part of this collection. She has worked with representatives of the Asian Law Alliances, the Asian Law Caucus, and the Japanese American Citizens League, in order to secure US government's recognition of US survivors. Although their effort ultimately failed, Handa says that it is \"remarkable\" that US survivors gained recognition and support for treating their radiation illnesses from the Japanese government. She has been a key organizer of the medical checkups conducted by Japanese physicians in San Francisco every other year since 1977. Throughout the interview, Handa emphasizes the importance of community engagement, multiculturalism, and lasting connections made through her work for US hibakusha.","extent":"1:20:21","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":964,"namepart":"Geri Handa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"20-Jul-11","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Geri Handa narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-2-1-mezzanine-e239ceb700-a.jpg"},{"id":"179","model":"narrator","index":"18 368/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/179/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/179/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wwesley.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wwesley.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/179/interviews/"},"display_name":"Wesley K. Watanabe","bio":"Ni-ten-gosei (Nisei/Sansei) male. Born May 20, 1935, in Tacoma, Washington. Spent early childhood in Kent, Washington, and was removed with family to the Pinedale Assembly Center at age seven. Family was incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and then moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Resettled and attended grade school and high school in Chicago, Illinois. Completed dental school at the University of Chicago, eventually opening private dental practice in Chicago."},{"id":"77","model":"narrator","index":"19 369/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/77/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/77/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/osue.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/osue.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/77/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sue Takimoto Okabe","bio":"Nisei female. Born September 5, 1928, in Tacoma, Washington, moved with her family to Seattle at age four. At age six, began singing, taking voice lessons and performing on stage for Japanese American community events. In 1942, was incarcerated with her family at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, where she continued to sing -- including performances outside of the camp arranged by camp authorities. Remembers fondly the freedom from parental supervision teenagers experienced while in camp. In fact, after the family was allowed early release to relocate in Denver in April 1943, she ran away from home and briefly returned to Minidoka. In Denver, continued her music studies and joined a United Service Organization (USO) group, experiencing both racial prejudice and warm welcome at USO performances. Postwar, resettled with her family in Los Angeles, where she attended the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music, University of California, Los Angeles, and University Southern California. Continued to pursue music as a hobby through schooling, marriage, and two children. Began teaching private piano and voice lessons in 1952. Following her divorce in 1958, began singing in nightclubs and lounges."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-5","model":"entity","index":"20 370/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Hirabayashi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born October 30, 1926, in small town of Thomas, Washington, on family farm. Attended school in Auburn, Washington, before being removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Idaho, and was subsequently joined by family. Postwar, became a social anthropologist, and later became only the second Nisei to teach at San Francisco State University. Instrumental in the struggle to establish the field of Ethnic Studies. Brother of Gordon Hirabayashi, who defied the curfew and removal orders in 1942, and was arrested, convicted, and imprisoned. Gordon Hirabayashi's conviction was vacated in 1986.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:33:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":140,"namepart":"Jim Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014b913","namepart":"Hirabayashi, Akira James"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 2, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Hirabayashi narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Hirabayashi, Akira James 88922nr014b913","download_large":"denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-329-942","model":"entity","index":"21 371/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-329-942/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-329-942/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-329/ddr-densho-329-942-mezzanine-7b855fdbf8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-329/ddr-densho-329-942-mezzanine-7b855fdbf8-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Sally (Fujii) Domoto to Hanako Fujii","description":"Letter from Sally to her sister Hanako. Sally has had lots of visitors and she is tired. \"I guess it's pretty bad to become just a housewife but I guess I might as well try to do a decent job of it as long as I can't do much else with the kids as young as they are.\" Got a letter from a family member \"Kair\" saying he is not going to sell the nursery in Hayward and wants family to come back to California for a couple of months. Kan has suggested that Hanako and the family come out to live with them and Hanako can enroll in a university in NYC and commute from New Rochelle. \"Kan is working at a better office now\" for a very well known architect\" he likes the job\" the people\" & is going to get a raise next month.\"","extent":"letter: 7.25W x 10.5H; envelope: 7.5W x 3.875H","links_children":"ddr-densho-329-942","creators":[{"role":"author","nr_id":"88922/nr012rt48","namepart":"Domoto, Sally (Fujii)"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr012rt48","namepart":"Domoto, Sally (Fujii)"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr0125q1p","namepart":"Fujii, Hanako"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr015xg73","namepart":"Domoto, Kaneji"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"New Rochelle, New York","facility":[{"term":"Concentration camps -- Topaz (Central Utah)","id":"1"}],"creation":"August 8, 1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Domoto, Sally (Fujii) author 88922nr012rt48Domoto, Sally (Fujii) 88922nr012rt48\nFujii, Hanako 88922nr0125q1p\nDomoto, Kaneji 88922nr015xg73","download_large":"ddr-densho-329-942-mezzanine-7b855fdbf8-a.jpg"},{"id":"130","model":"narrator","index":"22 372/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/130/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/130/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjoe.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yjoe.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/130/interviews/"},"display_name":"Joe Yasutake","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 25, 1932, in Seattle, Washington. Father employed by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service as interpreter for twenty years, until separated from family on December 7, 1941 and interned as an enemy alien. Removed from Seattle with mother, sister and two brothers in 1942. Attended school (fifth through sixth grades) while incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, and U.S. Department of Justice internment camp at Crystal City, TX. Reunited with father, Jack Kaichiro Yasutake, who was transferred from the U.S. Department of Justice internment camp in Lordsburg, NM to Crystal City, TX camp in 1944. After release from Crystal City camp, moved with parents to Cincinnati, OH. Moved with parents to Chicago, Illinois where father served as Executive Director of the Chicago Resettlers Committee. After high school graduation, attended Lawrence College in Wisconsin. Graduated from University of Illinois. Commissioned as lieutenant, U.S. Army, 1954, assigned to artillery and served in Germany. Returned to U.S. in 1956, discharged from the army. Married, had three sons. Late wife died in 1984. Was remarried in 1988 and has one stepdaughter. Received M.A., New York University. Moved to Ohio, employed by U.S. Air Force as psychologist. Received Ph.D. in Industrial Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus OH. Moved to Denver, CO. Retired in 1986 from the U.S. Air Force Human Resources Laboratory. Moved to California, employed by Lockheed. Serves in a volunteer capacity with community organizations, including as president of the Japanese American Museum of San Jose, and speaks at schools to educate students about the experiences of Japanese Americans and loss of constitutional rights during World War II. Also serves as chair of the San Jose Japantown Preservation Committee."},{"id":"140","model":"narrator","index":"23 373/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/140/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/140/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hjim.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hjim.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/140/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jim Hirabayashi","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 30, 1926, in small town of Thomas, Washington, on family farm. Attended school in Auburn, Washington, before being removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Idaho, and was subsequently joined by family. Postwar, became a social anthropologist, and later became only the second Nisei to teach at San Francisco State University. Instrumental in the struggle to establish the field of Ethnic Studies. Brother of Gordon Hirabayashi, who defied the curfew and removal orders in 1942, and was arrested, convicted, and imprisoned. Gordon Hirabayashi's conviction was vacated in 1986."},{"id":"419","model":"narrator","index":"24 374/{'value': 405, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/419/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/419/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ykiyoshi.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ykiyoshi.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/419/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kiyoshi Seishin Yamashita","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 14, 1920, in Kent, Washington. Grew up in the nearby town of Auburn, where parents ran a farm. Family was involved Auburn Buddhist Church. Graduated from the University of Washington in 1942 and removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Recruited out of Tule Lake to teach at the Naval Intelligence Language School in Boulder, Colorado. Worked in Japan as a linguist for the U.S. government during the U.S. occupation. While in Japan, became a Buddhist minister. Eventually returned to the United States and worked for the Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"University of California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}