(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:29:18","links_children":"ddr-one-7-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":677,"namepart":"Kay Sweeney"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alison Walcott"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tim Rooney"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","creation":"February 26, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kay Sweeney narrator \nAlison Walcott interviewer \nTim Rooney videographer","download_large":"denshovh-skay-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-121","model":"entity","index":"1 101/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-121/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-121/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ocharles-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ocharles-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Charles Olds Interview","description":"White male. Born 1913 in Karuizawa, Japan, to missionary parents. Attended Canadian school in Kobe, Japan, before coming to the United States with his older brother. He attended the University of Chicago School of Social Work, then volunteered to work for the War Relocation Authority (WRA). He later worked as a relocation officer in the concentration camps in Poston, Arizona, and Tule Lake, California. Mr. Olds was inducted into the army in 1945.
(This interview took place at the 2000 Tule Lake Pilgrimage in Klamath Falls, Oregon.)","extent":"00:34:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-121","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":119,"namepart":"Charles Olds"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Steve Hamada"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Klamath Falls, Oregon","creation":"July 3, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Charles Olds narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nSteve Hamada videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ocharles-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-271","model":"entity","index":"2 102/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-271/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-271/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hfrank-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hfrank-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank H. Hirata Interview","description":"Kibei-Nisei male. Born November 19, 1925, in Spokane, Washington. At the age of ten, went to Japan with grandfather. During World War II, was conscripted into the Japanese army, and was still in training when the war ended. After the war, continued education, graduating from Kyoto University with a law degree. Got married in 1957 and returned to the United States. Became involved in the fight to save Los Angeles' Little Tokyo from further encroachment from City Hall. Worked in public relations for Bank of Tokyo, which later became Union Bank.","extent":"02:03:15","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-271","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":451,"namepart":"Frank H. Hirata"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Culver City, California","creation":"February 23, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank H. Hirata narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hfrank-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"451","model":"narrator","index":"3 103/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/451/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/451/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfrank.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfrank.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/451/interviews/"},"display_name":"Frank H. Hirata","bio":"Kibei-Nisei male. Born November 19, 1925, in Spokane, Washington. At the age of ten, went to Japan with grandfather. During World War II, was conscripted into the Japanese army, and was still in training when the war ended. After the war, continued education, graduating from Kyoto University with a law degree. Got married in 1957 and returned to the United States. Became involved in the fight to save Los Angeles' Little Tokyo from further encroachment from City Hall. Worked in public relations for Bank of Tokyo, which later became Union Bank."},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-331","model":"entity","index":"4 104/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-331/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-331/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-331-mezzanine-6d7b38ca61-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-331-mezzanine-6d7b38ca61-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Ai Chih Tsai to Ai Jin Tsai","description":"Ai Chih Tsai's assignment at Camp Richie is over but he will continue to work for U.S. government. Assigned to raise funds for education and relief. Talked to representative from International Merchandise Co. Mr. Robison is interested in a textile factory or importing undershirts. Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai investigating other possibilities. Ai Chih Tsai expects passport in 2 weeks. List of goods sold in US with prices.","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-331","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Jin"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa) Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Iu Bok-su"},{"namepart":"Dickson, James"},{"namepart":"Sa-hia"},{"namepart":"Chiong, Khe-Beng"},{"namepart":"United States Army"},{"namepart":"Kerr, George \"Jack\""},{"namepart":"United States Department of State"},{"namepart":"Dowie, Kenneth"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Washington, District of Columbia","creation":"April 12, 1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsai, Ai Chih author Tsai, Ai Chih \nTsai, Ai Jin \nTsai, Ryo (Morikawa) Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai) \nIu Bok-su \nDickson, James \nSa-hia \nChiong, Khe-Beng \nUnited States Army \nKerr, George \"Jack\" \nUnited States Department of State \nDowie, Kenneth","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-331-mezzanine-6d7b38ca61-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-314","model":"collection","index":"5 105/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-314/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-314/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-314/ddr-densho-314-1-mezzanine-8902834cd7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-314/ddr-densho-314-1-mezzanine-8902834cd7-a.jpg"},"title":"Kazuichi Takanishi Collection","description":"The Kazuichi Takanishi Collection is comprised of government documents the family gained through the Freedom of Information Act. The documents detail Takanishi's arrest after Pearl Harbor, his interrogation, internment, parole to Chicago, Illinois, and return to Hawaii after the war ended.","extent":"two letters; two government files","links_children":"ddr-densho-314","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States Army"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Immigration and naturalization Service"},{"role":"author","namepart":"National Archives and Records Administration"}],"language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States Army author \nImmigration and naturalization Service author \nNational Archives and Records Administration author","download_large":"ddr-densho-314-1-mezzanine-8902834cd7-a.jpg"},{"id":"51","model":"narrator","index":"6 106/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/51/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/51/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/51/interviews/"},"display_name":"George S. Matsui","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 1, 1915, in Los Angeles, California. Spent prewar childhood in Long Beach, California, but attended grade school and junior high in Japan. Returned to the United States to attend high school. In 1941, was drafted into the U.S. Army and sent to Camp Roberts, San Luis Obispo, California for basic training. Was among the first Japanese American draftees. When World War II broke out, was summarily discharged from the army, reclassified to an enlisted reserve unit, and sent to Santa Anita Assembly Center and then incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Within two months of being incarcerated, was recalled for duty in the Military Intelligence Service. Received Bronze Star for securing the surrender of Japanese military and nonmilitary personnel on the island of Saipan. Served with MacArthur's General Headquarters in Japan."},{"id":"ddr-densho-65-175","model":"entity","index":"7 107/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-65-175/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-65-175/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-175-mezzanine-a4f22d160b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-175-mezzanine-a4f22d160b-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean Dispatch Vol. 4 No. 91 (March 10, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Hostel Will Take Resettlers to House Evacuees Job Seeking in East: Public Meeting Tonight to Present Project\" (p. 1), \"Minidoka Leads 5 Camps in Army Volunteers\" (p. 1), \"Granada Red Cross Drive\" (p. 1), \"6608 to be Used For Alien Registration\" (p. 1), \"Friends Group Advises All Citizens to Register\" (p. 1), \"Thurs. Alien Sign-up Sked\" (p. 1), \"Tojo Volunteers Services For United States Army\" (p. 1), \"Shirrells Miss Tule Lake Writes Ex-Dispatch Artist\" (p. 2), \"U.S. Naval Students Amaze Instructor\" (p. 2), \"Directory Reveals Some Interesting Oddities, Ii, Shortest Name; Bingo, a Name Not a Game\" (p. 2), \"300 Volunteers At Hunt is 19% of Eligible Males\" (p. 3), \"To Report Fire Call Operator\" (p. 3), \"Lantern Services To Be Held Tonight\" (p. 3).","extent":"1276W x 2155H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-65-175","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Tulean Dispatch","id":"174"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Smeltzer, Ralph E."},{"namepart":"Mayeda, Harry"},{"namepart":"Cary, C. Reed"},{"namepart":"Pickett, Clarence"},{"namepart":"Myer, Dillon S."},{"namepart":"Moore, John O."},{"namepart":"Tojo, Rufus"},{"namepart":"Shirrell, Elmer L."},{"namepart":"Cook, J. D."},{"namepart":"Mizuguchi, Martha"},{"namepart":"Nakata, Chuck"},{"namepart":"Yagi, Teijiro"},{"namepart":"Endo, Junichir"},{"namepart":"Morita, Tokuji"},{"namepart":"Imazeki, Howard"},{"namepart":"Coverley, Harvey M."},{"namepart":"Washino, Tazuko"},{"namepart":"Yamada, Chick"},{"namepart":"Naito, Kazue"},{"namepart":"Tanaka, Mickey"},{"namepart":"Matsuda, M."},{"namepart":"Takekoshi, T."},{"namepart":"Ohnoki, Fred"},{"namepart":"Barkhaus, G. H."},{"namepart":"Ishida, Ben"},{"namepart":"Ohara, Akiko"},{"namepart":"Morimoto, Hats"},{"namepart":"Oshita, Sloppy"},{"namepart":"Nagasawa, George"},{"namepart":"Oshita, Jaxen"},{"namepart":"Matsui, Tak"},{"namepart":"Fujii, Toko"},{"namepart":"Inamasu, Babs"},{"namepart":"Takagi, Johnny"},{"namepart":"Nakamori, Yoshiko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Tule Lake concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"March 10, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Smeltzer, Ralph E. \nMayeda, Harry \nCary, C. Reed \nPickett, Clarence \nMyer, Dillon S. \nMoore, John O. \nTojo, Rufus \nShirrell, Elmer L. \nCook, J. D. \nMizuguchi, Martha \nNakata, Chuck \nYagi, Teijiro \nEndo, Junichir \nMorita, Tokuji \nImazeki, Howard \nCoverley, Harvey M. \nWashino, Tazuko \nYamada, Chick \nNaito, Kazue \nTanaka, Mickey \nMatsuda, M. \nTakekoshi, T. \nOhnoki, Fred \nBarkhaus, G. H. \nIshida, Ben \nOhara, Akiko \nMorimoto, Hats \nOshita, Sloppy \nNagasawa, George \nOshita, Jaxen \nMatsui, Tak \nFujii, Toko \nInamasu, Babs \nTakagi, Johnny \nNakamori, Yoshiko","download_large":"ddr-densho-65-175-mezzanine-a4f22d160b-a.jpg"},{"id":"151","model":"narrator","index":"8 108/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/151/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/151/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mroy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mroy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/151/interviews/"},"display_name":"Roy H. Matsumoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 1, 1913, in Laguna, California. Lived in Japan from childhood through teenage years, before returning to the United States during high school. Incarcerated in the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Volunteered for the U.S. army in 1942, and was inducted in the Military Intelligence Service. Selected for a dangerous mission in Burma, becoming one of the famed Merrill's Marauders. Provided crucial intelligence information for the U.S. government after tapping into a Japanese army communications wire in Burma. Instrumental in a mission to hold Nhpum Ga hill in Burma, in which he shouted military orders in Japanese to confuse the attacking Japanese soldiers. Awarded the Legion of Merit from the U.S. military, and stationed in China and Japan after the war. Met future wife while working undercover in Japan. Inducted into the Ranger Hall of Fame in 1993."},{"id":"ddr-pc-21-17","model":"entity","index":"9 109/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-21-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-21-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-21/ddr-pc-21-17-mezzanine-05f7a3ac9b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-21/ddr-pc-21-17-mezzanine-05f7a3ac9b-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 28 No. 17 (April 30, 1949)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Seattle to Dedicate Memorial to Nisei GIs\" (p. 1), \"Prejudice in San Francisco Against Nisei Group Told in Report to Mayor's Committee\" (p. 1), \"JACL Asks for Ending of Segregation in Army. Masaoka Urges Positive Action to Abolish Discrimination in United States Armed Forces\" (p. 1), \"Japan's Press Watches U.S. Move to Repeal Exclusion Law\" (p. 1), \"JACL Reports San Francisco Area Employers Discriminate Against Japanese Americans\" (p. 2), \"Japanese American Strandees May Initiate Mass Suit in Japan for U.S. Citizenship\" (p. 3), \"Mrs. Kingman Deplores Nisei Tendency to Self-Segregation. Urges Cooperation With Other Minorities Toward Common Goals\" (p. 3).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-21-17","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"April 30, 1949","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-21-17-mezzanine-05f7a3ac9b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-256","model":"entity","index":"10 110/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-256/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-256/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-256-mezzanine-4d2325109b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-256-mezzanine-4d2325109b-a.jpg"},"title":"Ira C. Eaker leaving his plan, the \"Yankee Doodle\"","description":"Caption on reverse: \"These Men Made First All-U.S. Raid on Nazi Europe. A dozen American Flying Fortresses, manned by United States Army Air Force crews and personally led by Brigadier General Ira C. Eaker, bombed Rouen, France, 87 miles northeast of Paris, in the first all-U.S. bombing attack on German-held Europe. Not a single American plane was lost in the day supply lines. The Flying Fortresses dropped their entire bomb loads directly on the target area. Freight yards, trains, and roundhouses were destroyed. There was not a single American casualty. - Back from the raid, Brig. General Eaker leaves his plane, called the 'Yankee Doodle.'\"","extent":"3W x 4.25H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-1-256","format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Eaker, Ira C."}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","creation":"c.1940s","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Eaker, Ira C.","download_large":"ddr-njpa-1-256-mezzanine-4d2325109b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-45","model":"entity","index":"11 111/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-45/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-45/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-45-mezzanine-986efc965b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-45-mezzanine-986efc965b-a.jpg"},"title":"Soldier and mother","description":"Original WRA caption: Florin, Sacramento County, California. A soldier and his mother in a strawberry field. The soldier, age 23, volunteered July 10, 1941, and is stationed at Camp Leonard Wood, Missouri. He was furloughed to help his mother and family prepare for their evacuation. He is youngest of six years children, two of them volunteers in United States Army. The mother, age 53, came from Japan 37 years ago. Her husband died 21 years ago, leaving her to raise six children. She worked in a strawberry basket factory until last year when her her children leased three acres of strawberries \"so she wouldn't have to work for somebody else.\" The family is Buddhist. This is her youngest son. Her second son is in the army stationed at Fort Bliss. 453 families are to be evacuated from this area.","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-45","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"Military service -- Pre-World War II service","id":"92"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"Florin, California","creation":"11-May-42","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-45-mezzanine-986efc965b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-758","model":"entity","index":"12 112/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-758/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-758/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-758-mezzanine-9387151fd6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-758-mezzanine-9387151fd6-a.jpg"},"title":"Reinstitution of selective service","description":"Booklet titled: Reinstitution of selective service: summary of the policies of the selective service system, War Department, and W. R. A. which affect Nisei. Contents include: Americanism is a matter of the mind and heart; Statement of principles; Selective service training and service act of 1940 as amended; Selective service policy; Induction of United States citizens of Japanese ancestry; Classifications; Classification procedure; Preinduction physical examination; Appeals; Occupational deferments; Agricultural deferments; List of essential activities; Student deferments; Call for induction; Our fight for equal rights; War Department policy; Enlisted reserve corps; Camp Savage; Army specialized training program; Dependency benefits; Allotments of pay, U.S. Army pay; Women's Army Corps; Insurance benefits; Mothers of American Citizens of Japanese Descent request that civil rights be restored to their children; and The War Relocation Authority is firmly committed to the principle that American children should not be penalized for accidents of ancestry. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0760","extent":"33 pages; 10.5 x 8 inches, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-758","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Citizens Committee of Topaz"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Military service -- Enlisting and recruiting","id":"541"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Delta, Utah","facility":[{"term":"Topaz (Central Utah)","id":"1"}],"creation":"1944-06","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Citizens Committee of Topaz publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-758-mezzanine-9387151fd6-a.jpg"},{"id":"149","model":"narrator","index":"13 113/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/149/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/149/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sart.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sart.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/149/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Shibayama","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 6, 1930, in Callao, Peru. Grew up in Peru, raised by both parents and grandparents. During World War II, taken with parents to the United States on a U.S. troop transport ship. Lived in the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, until family moved to work at Seabrook, New Jersey, a produce work company camp. Drafted into the army in the 1950s, even though considered an illegal alien, and served in Germany. Raised a family in Chicago, Illinois, and San Jose, California after military discharge. In recent years, attended several pilgrimages to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as well as reunions of Japanese Peruvians. Involved in the Campaign for Justice, an effort to obtain redress for Japanese Latin Americans."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1004-9","model":"entity","index":"14 114/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1004-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1004-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1004/denshovh-mroy-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1004/denshovh-mroy-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Roy Matsumoto Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born May 1, 1913, in Laguna, California. Lived in Japan from childhood through teenage years, before returning to the United States during high school. Incarcerated in the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Volunteered for the U.S. army in 1942, and was inducted in the Military Intelligence Service. Selected for a dangerous mission in Burma, becoming one of the famed Merrill's Marauders. Provided crucial intelligence information for the U.S. government after tapping into a Japanese army communications wire in Burma. Instrumental in a mission to hold Nhpum Ga hill in Burma, in which he shouted military orders in Japanese to confuse the attacking Japanese soldiers. Awarded the Legion of Merit from the U.S. military, and stationed in China and Japan after the war. Met future wife while working undercover in Japan. Inducted into the Ranger Hall of Fame in 1993.","extent":"01:59:59","links_children":"ddr-densho-1004-9","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":151,"namepart":"Roy H. Matsumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"gayle k. yamada"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Peter Marshall"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs43","namepart":"Matsumoto, Roy Hiroshi"}],"contributor":"gayle k. yamada Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Washington, D.C.","creation":"November 8, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roy H. Matsumoto narrator \ngayle k. yamada interviewer \nPeter Marshall videographer Matsumoto, Roy Hiroshi 88922nr015zs43","download_large":"denshovh-mroy-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-19-10","model":"entity","index":"15 115/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-19-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-19-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-19/ddr-pc-19-10-mezzanine-858237a4dc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-19/ddr-pc-19-10-mezzanine-858237a4dc-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 24 No. 9 (March 8, 1947)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Report Twelve Thousand Nisei in Japan Have Applied for Repatriation to United States\" (p. 1), \"California Supreme Court Hears Stockton Theatre Case On Issei Business Rights\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake Test Cases Moved To New Court\" (p. 1), \"Bill Seeks Repeal Of California School Segregation\" (p. 1), \"Nisei, Negro Groups Learning to Live, Work Together in Downtown Los Angeles Area\" (p. 2), \"Racial Minorities Victimized As Scapegoats in Time of Economic Crisis, Says Writer\" (p. 2), \"Discuss Amending Laws to Stay Deportation of Alien Residents\" (p. 3), \"Nisei GIs Vital to Success Of Occupation, Says Army. Military Intelligence Service Starts New Recruiting Drive for Japanese Americans\" (p. 3), \"Evacuee Loss Data Sought In Interviews\" (p. 7).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-19-10","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"March 8, 1947","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-pc-19-10-mezzanine-858237a4dc-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-299-232","model":"entity","index":"16 116/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-299-232/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-299-232/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-299/ddr-densho-299-232-mezzanine-ba1bd2badf-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-299/ddr-densho-299-232-mezzanine-ba1bd2badf-a.jpg"},"title":"Photo of painting showing the Japanese invading oil producing countries","description":"Caption: \"The United States placed an embargo on oil to show our displeasure of Japan's incursions into Korea / and Manchuria. Using the embargo as a pretext, Japan invaded oil producing countries saying oil / was necessary for their survival.\" Ted Akimoto noted that \"during the war many large paintings were made by Japanese Army artists. Some paintings were 8 feet long. These paintings were displayed in public places in the lands that they had conquered such as Manchuria, and parts of China. After the war many of the paintings were placed in a museum in Ueno Park. My buddy during the occupation told me. Lately, that we had taken many photos of the paintings during the occupation.\"","extent":"10W x 7.25H","links_children":"ddr-densho-299-232","topics":[{"term":"Japan -- Military","id":"378"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"painting","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-299-232-mezzanine-ba1bd2badf-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1008-2","model":"entity","index":"17 117/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1008-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1008-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1008/denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1008/denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg"},"title":"George S. Matsui Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born March 1, 1915, in Los Angeles, California. Spent prewar childhood in Long Beach, California, but attended grade school and junior high in Japan. Returned to the United States to attend high school. In 1941, was drafted into the U.S. Army and sent to Camp Roberts, San Luis Obispo, California for basic training. Was among the first Japanese American draftees. When World War II broke out, was summarily discharged from the army, reclassified to an enlisted reserve unit, and sent to Santa Anita Assembly Center and then incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Within two months of being incarcerated, was recalled for duty in the Military Intelligence Service. Received Bronze Star for securing the surrender of Japanese military and nonmilitary personnel on the island of Saipan. Served with MacArthur's General Headquarters in Japan.
(Members of the National Japanese American Historical Society (NJAHS) arranged for and conducted this interview in conjunction with Densho.)","extent":"00:55:53","links_children":"ddr-densho-1008-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":51,"namepart":"George S. Matsui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Marvin Uratsu"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zr0q","namepart":"Matsui, George Shigeo"}],"contributor":"National Japanese American Historical Society Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 11, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George S. Matsui narrator \nMarvin Uratsu interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Matsui, George Shigeo 88922nr015zr0q","download_large":"denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-151","model":"entity","index":"18 118/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-151/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-151/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sart-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sart-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Shibayama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born June 6, 1930, in Callao, Peru. Grew up in Peru, raised by both parents and grandparents. During World War II, taken with parents to the United States on a U.S. troop transport ship. Lived in the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, until family moved to work at Seabrook, New Jersey, a produce work company camp. Drafted into the army in the 1950s, even though considered an illegal alien, and served in Germany. Raised a family in Chicago, Illinois, and San Jose, California after military discharge. In recent years, attended several pilgrimages to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as well as reunions of Japanese Peruvians. Involved in the Campaign for Justice, an effort to obtain redress for Japanese Latin Americans.","extent":"03:48:04","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-151","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":149,"namepart":"Art Shibayama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 26, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Shibayama narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-sart-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-400-24","model":"entity","index":"19 119/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-400-24/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-400-24/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-24-mezzanine-9f3304bdcb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-400/ddr-densho-400-24-mezzanine-9f3304bdcb-a.jpg"},"title":"Michael Shigeru Yasutake Interview","description":"Michael Yasutake was born on August 4, 1915, in Long Beach, California. He was one of Kumataro and Itsu Yasutake's eight children. His father was a farmer in Gardena, California, and his mother was a housewife. When the war broke out he was already in the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service. His family was sent to Rohwer concentration camp in Arkansas. After the war Michael was stationed in Japan and Shanghai, China, with the United States Civil Intelligence Service. He left the service in 1948 with the rank of Major. Eventually he moved back to California to start a business with George Aratani.\r\n\r\nThis interview is part of the South Bay History Project created by the South Bay Chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League.","extent":"1:42:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-400-24","creators":[{"role":"narrator","namepart":"Michael Shigeru Yasutake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ron Ikejiri"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Culver City, California","creation":"May 13, 2004","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Michael Shigeru Yasutake narrator \nRon Ikejiri interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-400-24-mezzanine-9f3304bdcb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-1126","model":"entity","index":"20 120/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-1126/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-1126/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-1126-mezzanine-d0a5833bed-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-1126-mezzanine-d0a5833bed-a.jpg"},"title":"Clipping regarding Howard D. Porter","description":"Caption: \"Release No. D-50. Immediate Release to Times. Howard D. Porter, the Attorney General of Guam and a reserve lieutenant colonel, Monday (April 25) completed a two-week tour of active duty with United States Army Pacific, Fort Shafter, T.H. A military Police officer, Colonel Porter spent his two-week tour observing and studying operations of the Hawaiian Armed Services Police, the Provost Marshal Office at Schofield Barracks. Colonel Porter formerly was an attorney in Cincinnati, Ohio, and a member of the Ohio State Legislature. During World War II he served in Europe with the 769th Military Police Battalion. After the war, as a civilian, he was a prosectuor at war crimes trials in Japan. He is president of the Guam Chapter of the Reserve Officers Association.\"","extent":"6W x 5.25H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-1-1126","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Porter, Howard D."}],"contributor":"Hawai'i Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"clipping","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Porter, Howard D.","download_large":"ddr-njpa-1-1126-mezzanine-d0a5833bed-a.jpg"},{"id":"101","model":"narrator","index":"21 121/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/101/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/101/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uben.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uben.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/101/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ben Uyeno","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 30, 1918, in Yakima, Washington. Spent two years of childhood in Japan. Returned to Seattle and became an active participant in Japanese American community life. Was attending the University of Washington when World War II started. Avoided incarceration with the help of the Friends (a Quaker organization), which hid him and helped him enroll in another university. He eventually entered medical school. Later he became a captain in the U.S. Army and served as a MASH doctor in Korea, where he was trained on one of the first kidney machines. Returned to Seattle and helped pioneer the first kidney dialysis program in the United States. Became the first Japanese American Chief of Staff at Providence Hospital in Seattle. Established a private practice that faithfully served the area's Japanese American community for thirty-two years. Helped establish and develop the Keiro nursing home (now operated as part of Nikkei Concerns)."},{"id":"ddr-densho-372-6","model":"entity","index":"22 122/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-372-6/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-372-6/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-372/ddr-densho-372-6-mezzanine-d78cca956b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-372/ddr-densho-372-6-mezzanine-d78cca956b-a.jpg"},"title":"American Concentration Camps VOLUME 6 June, 1942- December, 1942","description":"Volume 6 divides into six sections. Description about this volume reads directly from the book as follows: Section 1 presents archival documents from June 1942 that show the first major modifications of relocation policies and depict the resistance by Western Defense Command to any amelioration of the condition of the Japanese Americans. Section 2 contains selected pages from a Congressional Record from June 22, 1942 which debates a bill to authorize the incarceration of any person of Japanese ancestry anywhere in the United States or its territories is but one more example of the willingness of some members of Congress to go farther than the executive branch was willing to go. Section 3 features archival documents from July 1942 that show the increasing uneasiness of officials in the interior western states to which Japanese Americans were being shipped. Section 4 features Reports of Civilian Agencies to the Wartime Civil Control Administration from June 1942. These largely self-congratulatory reports, produced by agencies, assisted the Army in the process of getting the Japanese Americans into camp \"humanely.\" Section 5 features a collection of documents from the Army Inspections of Assembly Centers from July 1942 that demonstrates that the living and sanitary conditions that prevailed in the Army-run Assembly Centers were often deficient. Section 6 presents archival documents from August 1942 to December 1942 that attempt to justify the relocation. Section 7 includes a Digest of Newspaper Editorials by Western Defense Command from January 31, 1942 to December 9, 1942 which support Western Defense command policies and some press for even more stringent measures against the Japanese Americans.","extent":"1 book: 8.75W x 11.25H","links_children":"ddr-densho-372-6","creators":[{"role":"Editor","namepart":"Daniels, Roger"}],"topics":[{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Stereotypes","id":"161"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers","id":"61"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"206"},{"term":"World War II -- Temporary Assembly Centers -- Living conditions","id":"62"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Responses of non-Japanese Americans","id":"53"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"North and Central America","id":"332"},{"term":"United States","id":"1"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"book","creation":"c. 1989","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Daniels, Roger Editor","download_large":"ddr-densho-372-6-mezzanine-d78cca956b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-janm-18-14","model":"entity","index":"23 123/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-janm-18-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-janm-18-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-14-mezzanine-67bbcd09cb-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-janm-18/ddr-janm-18-14-mezzanine-67bbcd09cb-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon","description":"Letter from John (Sohei) Hohri to Harold Landon dated February 12, 1943. The photo depicts 12 teenage friends of John, whom he refers to as the \"Terminal Island gang\" in his letter. John draws a sketch of the photograph and writes an answer key that includes each boy's nickname and age. John thanks Harold for sending him a wallet and handkerchief, and asks Harold to send some of his most recent pictures. John writes about the uncertainty of his future and about forms that the United States Army are requiring them to sign so that they may see where the prisoners \"stand.\" [Likely the loyalty questionnaire.] John includes a drawings of himself getting hurt, gymnastics, and two boys running. He concludes by enclosing $1.57, asking Harold to send him some pictures, and asks about Harold's dimensions.","extent":"Letter: 11 x 8 1/2 in. (27.9 x 21.6 cm)\\nPhotograph: 2 1/2 x 3 1/2 in. (6.4 x 8.9 cm)","links_children":"ddr-janm-18-14","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Hohri, Sohei (John)"}],"contributor":"Japanese American National Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hohri, Sohei (John) author Hohri, Sohei (John)","download_large":"ddr-janm-18-14-mezzanine-67bbcd09cb-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-153","model":"entity","index":"24 124/{'value': 138, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-153/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-153/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mroy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mroy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Roy H. Matsumoto Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born May 1, 1913, in Laguna, California. Lived in Japan from childhood through teenage years, before returning to the United States during high school. Incarcerated in the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Volunteered for the U.S. army in 1942, and was inducted in the Military Intelligence Service. Selected for a dangerous mission in Burma, becoming one of the famed Merrill's Marauders. Provided crucial intelligence information for the U.S. government after tapping into a Japanese army communications wire in Burma. Instrumental in a mission to hold Nhpum Ga hill in Burma, in which he shouted military orders in Japanese to confuse the attacking Japanese soldiers. Awarded the Legion of Merit from the U.S. military, and stationed in China and Japan after the war. Met future wife while working undercover in Japan. Inducted into the Ranger Hall of Fame in 1993.
(Although Mr. Matsumoto does not identify himself as a Kibei (American-born person of Japanese ancestry sent to Japan for formal education and socialization when young and later returned to the U.S.), some of his life experiences are similar to those who do identify themselves as such.)","extent":"07:40:41","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-153","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":151,"namepart":"Roy H. Matsumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs43","namepart":"Matsumoto, Roy Hiroshi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 17 & 18, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roy H. Matsumoto narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Matsumoto, Roy Hiroshi 88922nr015zs43","download_large":"denshovh-mroy-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"United States. Army.","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}