(This interview was conducted in Japanese. The transcript is a translation of the original interview.)","extent":"02:21:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-112","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":111,"namepart":"Yasashi Ichikawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tomoyo Yamada"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0160f5w","namepart":"Ichikawa, Yasashi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 20, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yasashi Ichikawa narrator \nTomoyo Yamada interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer Ichikawa, Yasashi 88922nr0160f5w","download_large":"denshovh-iyasashi-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"111","model":"narrator","index":"1 76/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/111/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/111/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iyasashi.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iyasashi.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/111/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yasashi Ichikawa","bio":"Issei female. Born 1907 in Shimonoseki, Japan. Attended school in Japan, and was encouraged by father to study English. Married a Buddhist minister and immigrated to the United States. Lived in Fresno, California, then returned to Japan for two years. Moved to Seattle, Washington, where husband was a minister at the Seattle Buddhist Temple. During World War II, husband was arrested and imprisoned in the Crystal City Department of Justice Camp, Texas. Mrs. Ichikawa, with her seven children, was removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, then to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Joined husband in Crystal City before returning to run the Seattle Buddhist Temple."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-47","model":"entity","index":"2 77/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-47/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-47/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtom-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mtom-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tom Matsuoka Interview","description":"Kibei male. Born August 1, 1903, in Sprecklesville, Maui, Hawaii. Taken to Japan in 1905 and raised by grandparents. Returned to the United States in 1919, joining father at Barneston sawmill in Washington. Married and farmed in Bellevue, Washington. Founded Bellevue Seinenkai and managed the Bellevue Vegetable Growers Association prior to World War II. Was picked up by the FBI on December 8, 1941, detained by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) in Seattle, then interned at the Department of Justice camp at Fort Missoula, Montana. Was transferred to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Was released to harvest sugar beets in Chinook, Montana, with his family as work crew. Established a farm in Chinook.","extent":"03:32:17","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-47","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":56,"namepart":"Tom Matsuoka"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr011h73h","namepart":"Matsuoka, Tom Takeo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Ridgefield, Washington","creation":"May 7, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tom Matsuoka narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Matsuoka, Tom Takeo 88922nr011h73h","download_large":"denshovh-mtom-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-372-8","model":"entity","index":"3 78/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-372-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-372-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-372/ddr-densho-372-8-mezzanine-b10ebbace6-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-372/ddr-densho-372-8-mezzanine-b10ebbace6-a.jpg"},"title":"American Concentration Camps VOLUME 8 1944 and 1945 Japanese of Hawaii","description":"Volume 8 divides into five sections. Description about this volume reads directly from the book as follows: Part 1 features archival documents from 1944 and 1945 that depict the winding down of the relocation program. Part 2 features selected pages of a Congressional Record from February 23, 1944 and June 23, 1944 that resulted in the passage of a statute, requested by the Department of Justice, to facilitate the renunciation of United States citizenship by Japanese Americans as part of the \"segregation\" program. Part 3 features Army and Navy Intelligence Reports from 1944 and 1945 that show that west-coast based intelligence officers continued to harbor the same kinds of attitudes toward Japanese Americans that triggered the relocation long after such views ceased to prevail at the top of the chain of command. Part 4 features documents from The War Department and the Japanese Evacuation and Resettlement Study from October 1942 to October 1943 that illustrate the possible ethical conflicts involved when scholars bargain for special access to contemporary government documents. Part 5 features documents, dating from August 1941 to May of 1944, that relate to how differently the 150,000 Japanese Americans in Hawaii were treated during the war despite their greater incidence and proximity to Imperial Japanese Forces.","extent":"1 book: 8.75W x 11.25H","links_children":"ddr-densho-372-8","creators":[{"role":"Editor","namepart":"Daniels, Roger"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Returning home","id":"106"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Martial law in Hawai'i","id":"425"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"North and Central America","id":"332"},{"term":"United States","id":"1"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"book","creation":"c. 1989","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Daniels, Roger Editor","download_large":"ddr-densho-372-8-mezzanine-b10ebbace6-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1020-13","model":"entity","index":"4 79/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1020-13/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1020-13/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1020/ddr-densho-1020-13-mezzanine-5c4e884556-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1020/ddr-densho-1020-13-mezzanine-5c4e884556-a.jpg"},"title":"Redress: An Oral History of the Office of Redress Administration","description":"In 1988, Congress passed and President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act, a historic piece of legislation that sought, for the first time, to provide a measure of justice to Japanese Americans nearly 40 years after their incarceration during World War II. The Japanese American Redress program that resulted is a little-known success story of the United States government - a program whose history is now captured in this film and oral history project. The Office of Redress Administration bore the seal and support of three different presidential administrations, and was run by a federal workforce that represented a diverse cross-section of the American people. And over its decade-long operation (1988-1998), the ORA reached 81,000 people with a redress payment and official apology letter from the President of the United States.\r\n\r\nThe Office of Redress Administration (ORA) Oral History Project is an effort to capture and preserve the first person recollections of those tasked with carrying out this historic government program, as well as the community leaders that made it possible. These interviews are featured in this short film.\r\n\r\nEmi Kuboyama, Project Creator, Interviewer; Todd Holmes, Project Consultant, Videographer, Assistant Editor & Producer; Geoff McGhee, Senior Video Editor & Producer. Historic footage generously provided by Nikkei for Civil Rights and Redress (NCRR) and Visual Communications.\r\n\r\n(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"0:30:40","links_children":"ddr-densho-1020-13","creators":[{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emi Kuboyama"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Todd Holmes"}],"format":"av","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"motion_picture","creation":"February 19, 2021","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Emi Kuboyama interviewer \nTodd Holmes videographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1020-13-mezzanine-5c4e884556-a.jpg"},{"id":"56","model":"narrator","index":"5 80/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/56/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/56/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mtom.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mtom.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/56/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tom Matsuoka","bio":"Kibei male. Born August 1, 1903, in Sprecklesville, Maui, Hawaii. Taken to Japan in 1905 and raised by grandparents. Returned to the United States in 1919, joining father at Barneston sawmill in Washington. Married and farmed in Bellevue, Washington. Founded Bellevue Seinenkai and managed the Bellevue Vegetable Growers Association prior to World War II. Was picked up by the FBI on December 8, 1941, detained by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) in Seattle, then interned at the Department of Justice camp at Fort Missoula, Montana. Was transferred to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Was released to harvest sugar beets in Chinook, Montana, with his family as work crew. Established a farm in Chinook."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1001-40","model":"entity","index":"6 81/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1001-40/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1001-40/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1001/denshovh-mroy_2-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1001/denshovh-mroy_2-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Roy Matsumoto Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born May 1, 1913, in Laguna, California. Lived in Japan from childhood through teenage years, before returning to the United States during high school. Incarcerated in the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Volunteered for the U.S. army in 1942, and was inducted in the Military Intelligence Service. Selected for a dangerous mission in Burma, becoming one of the famed Merrill's Marauders. Provided crucial intelligence information for the U.S. government after tapping into a Japanese army communications wire in Burma. Instrumental in a mission to hold Nhpum Ga hill in Burma, in which he shouted military orders in Japanese to confuse the attacking Japanese soldiers. Awarded the Legion of Merit from the U.S. military, and stationed in China and Japan after the war. Met future wife while working undercover in Japan. Inducted into the Ranger Hall of Fame in 1993.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:07:05","links_children":"ddr-densho-1001-40","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":151,"namepart":"Roy H. Matsumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"John de Chadenedes"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs43","namepart":"Matsumoto, Roy Hiroshi"}],"contributor":"Bainbridge Island Japanese American Community Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Bainbridge Island, Washington","creation":"September 6, 2008","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roy H. Matsumoto narrator \nJohn de Chadenedes interviewer Matsumoto, Roy Hiroshi 88922nr015zs43","download_large":"denshovh-mroy_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-414","model":"entity","index":"7 82/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-414/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-414/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-414-mezzanine-79b2682e39-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-414-mezzanine-79b2682e39-a.jpg"},"title":"Carbon copy letter from Ai Chih Tsai to J.Y. Lai","description":"Responding to Mr. Lai's letter about the history of Christians in Taiwan. (3 pages)","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-414","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"}],"topics":[{"term":"Japan -- Pre-World War II","id":"163"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Diego","id":"487"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship","id":"1"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Naturalization","id":"176"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Military service -- Post-World War II service","id":"297"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"Lai, J.Y."},{"namepart":"University of Chicago Divinity School"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Li"},{"namepart":"Doshisha Daigaku"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Jin"},{"namepart":"Japanese Mutual Aid Society of Chicago"},{"namepart":"S.S. Taiyo Maru (passenger ship) / S.S. Cap Fiinisterre (ID 4051)"},{"namepart":"Japanese Church of Christ"},{"namepart":"Fourth Presbyterian Church"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"},{"namepart":"Ayano (Hirahara)"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, Kenji"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, George Kiyoshi"},{"namepart":"United States. Navy"},{"namepart":"Columbia University"},{"namepart":"United States Department of War"},{"namepart":"United States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS)"},{"namepart":"United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA)"},{"namepart":"Shackleton, Allan J."},{"namepart":"Japanese Congregational Church"},{"namepart":"Keiro Northwest"},{"namepart":"Peace Corps Kenya"},{"namepart":"Seattle Public Schools"},{"namepart":"Aca Mercer Middle School"},{"namepart":"University of Chicago Divinity School"},{"namepart":"University of North Carolina"},{"namepart":"University of Minnesota"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, Henry"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, Mark Ming Chih"},{"namepart":"Poe, Bilin (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Poe, Donald"},{"namepart":"Poe, Sarah LiHoa"},{"namepart":"Lee, Bisim (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Lee, Larry"},{"namepart":"Lee, Kristi"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Peter"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Joyce"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 24, 1985","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsai, Ai Chih author Tsai, Ai Chih \nLai, J.Y. \nUniversity of Chicago Divinity School \nTsai, Ai Li \nDoshisha Daigaku \nTsai, Ai Jin \nJapanese Mutual Aid Society of Chicago \nS.S. Taiyo Maru (passenger ship) / S.S. Cap Fiinisterre (ID 4051) \nJapanese Church of Christ \nFourth Presbyterian Church \nTsai, Ryo (Morikawa) \nAyano (Hirahara) \nMorikawa, Kenji \nMorikawa, George Kiyoshi \nUnited States. Navy \nColumbia University \nUnited States Department of War \nUnited States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS) \nUnited Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) \nShackleton, Allan J. \nJapanese Congregational Church \nKeiro Northwest \nPeace Corps Kenya \nSeattle Public Schools \nAca Mercer Middle School \nUniversity of Chicago Divinity School \nUniversity of North Carolina \nUniversity of Minnesota \nCaldwell, BiHoa (Tsai) \nCaldwell, Henry \nCaldwell, Mark Ming Chih \nPoe, Bilin (Tsai) \nPoe, Donald \nPoe, Sarah LiHoa \nLee, Bisim (Tsai) \nLee, Larry \nLee, Kristi \nTsai, Peter \nTsai, Joyce","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-414-mezzanine-79b2682e39-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-413","model":"entity","index":"8 83/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-413/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-413/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-413-mezzanine-6cd9d30c12-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-413-mezzanine-6cd9d30c12-a.jpg"},"title":"Carbon copy letter from Ai Chih Tsai to Ng Boksu","description":"Responding to Ng Boksu's inquiry about Taiwanese in the U.S. just before WWII. (5 pages)","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-413","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Minnesota","id":"494"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Diego","id":"487"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Bellevue","id":"292"},{"term":"Military service -- Post-World War II service","id":"297"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- Student clubs","id":"22"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Children","id":"509"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Naturalization","id":"176"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"World War II","id":"399"},{"term":"Japan -- Pre-World War II","id":"163"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"Chiong, Khe-Beng"},{"namepart":"Chiong, Thian Ki"},{"namepart":"United States. Navy"},{"namepart":"Columbia University"},{"namepart":"University of Chicago Divinity School"},{"namepart":"Japanese Church of Christ"},{"namepart":"Doshisha Daigaku"},{"namepart":"Whitman College"},{"namepart":"University of Chicago Divinity School"},{"namepart":"Chicago Theological Seminary"},{"namepart":"Cashman, Robert"},{"namepart":"Purdue University"},{"namepart":"United States Army"},{"namepart":"Chiong, Anna Fumi (Morikawa)"},{"namepart":"Chiong, Mei Lan"},{"namepart":"Hunter College"},{"namepart":"McCay, Chu Lan (Chiong)"},{"namepart":"McCay, Howard"},{"namepart":"McCay, Adam"},{"namepart":"McCay, Aaron"},{"namepart":"S.S. Taiyo Maru (passenger ship) / S.S. Cap Fiinisterre (ID 4051)"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Jin"},{"namepart":"Aoyama Gakuin"},{"namepart":"Yoshimune, Abe"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"},{"namepart":"Anderson, Harrison Ray"},{"namepart":"Fourth Presbyterian Church"},{"namepart":"United States Department of War"},{"namepart":"United States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS)"},{"namepart":"United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA)"},{"namepart":"Chen, Yi"},{"namepart":"Shackleton, Allan J."},{"namepart":"Japanese Congregational Church"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Hui Sim"},{"namepart":"Ho, Show Shan"},{"namepart":"Lee, Shinko"},{"namepart":"Seattle Pacific College"},{"namepart":"Lee, George"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Yi"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Kim Siok"},{"namepart":"St. Louis Country Club"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, Mark Ming Chih"},{"namepart":"Keiro Northwest"},{"namepart":"Lee, Bisim (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Arthur Andersen LLP"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Peter"},{"namepart":"Providence Health and Services"},{"namepart":"Lee, Kristi"},{"namepart":"University of Washington"},{"namepart":"Seattle Public Schools"},{"namepart":"Poe, Bilin (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Poe, Sarah LiHoa"},{"namepart":"University of Minnesota, Duluth"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"},{"namepart":"Seattle Public Library"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 26, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsai, Ai Chih author Tsai, Ai Chih \nChiong, Khe-Beng \nChiong, Thian Ki \nUnited States. Navy \nColumbia University \nUniversity of Chicago Divinity School \nJapanese Church of Christ \nDoshisha Daigaku \nWhitman College \nUniversity of Chicago Divinity School \nChicago Theological Seminary \nCashman, Robert \nPurdue University \nUnited States Army \nChiong, Anna Fumi (Morikawa) \nChiong, Mei Lan \nHunter College \nMcCay, Chu Lan (Chiong) \nMcCay, Howard \nMcCay, Adam \nMcCay, Aaron \nS.S. Taiyo Maru (passenger ship) / S.S. Cap Fiinisterre (ID 4051) \nTsai, Ai Jin \nAoyama Gakuin \nYoshimune, Abe \nTsai, Ryo (Morikawa) \nAnderson, Harrison Ray \nFourth Presbyterian Church \nUnited States Department of War \nUnited States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS) \nUnited Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) \nChen, Yi \nShackleton, Allan J. \nJapanese Congregational Church \nTsai, Hui Sim \nHo, Show Shan \nLee, Shinko \nSeattle Pacific College \nLee, George \nTsai, Ai Yi \nTsai, Kim Siok \nSt. Louis Country Club \nCaldwell, BiHoa (Tsai) \nCaldwell, Mark Ming Chih \nKeiro Northwest \nLee, Bisim (Tsai) \nArthur Andersen LLP \nTsai, Peter \nProvidence Health and Services \nLee, Kristi \nUniversity of Washington \nSeattle Public Schools \nPoe, Bilin (Tsai) \nPoe, Sarah LiHoa \nUniversity of Minnesota, Duluth \nTsai, Ryo (Morikawa) \nSeattle Public Library \nCaldwell, Henry","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-413-mezzanine-6cd9d30c12-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-16","model":"entity","index":"9 84/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ipeter-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-ipeter-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Peter Irons Interview","description":"White male. Born 1940 in Salem, Massachusetts. Family moved frequently during his childhood due to father's employment. Strongly influenced by parents' values regarding racial tolerance and inclusion, and principles learned through Unitarian Church. While attending Antioch College in Ohio, became involved in political and social activism for civil rights. Joined the youth branch of NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and other groups. Active in sit-ins and other demonstrations addressing racial inequality, peace and related issues, eventually becoming a full-time organizer. Worked for the United Autoworkers Union. Resisted the draft, and was indicted by a federal grand jury in 1964. Convicted of failing to report for military service and sentenced to three years in prison. Graduated from Antioch College, 1966. Appealed his conviction to the United States Court of Appeals and lost. Served his sentence in federal institutions in Milan, Michigan, Terre Haute, Indiana, and Danbury, Connecticut. Following release from prison in 1969, attended graduate school at Boston University, obtaining PhD in political science in 1973. Accepted to Harvard Law School. While a law student, researched and filed a writ of error coram nobis with the federal court in which he had been convicted, and as a result had his conviction vacated. (Writ of error coram nobis establishes that the original case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution.) Graduated from Harvard Law School in 1978. Taught undergraduate and law school courses at several schools before joining faculty of the University of California at San Diego. While conducting research at the National Archives and Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. in preparation for writing a book, discovered evidence of governmental misconduct during World War II, which refuted the U.S. government's rationale of \"military necessity\" for the mass incarceration of persons of Japanese ancestry in 1942. Using this evidence, assisted the congressional Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. Contacted original defendants, initiated formation of legal teams, and was instrumental in filing petitions using the writ of error coram nobis, resulting in the reconsideration of the wartime \"internment cases\": Hirabayashi, Korematsu, and Yasui. Dr. Irons is a professor of political science and director of the Earl Warren Bill of Rights Project at the University of California, San Diego.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:06:01","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-16","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":122,"namepart":"Peter Irons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"November 11, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Peter Irons narrator","download_large":"denshovh-ipeter-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-14","model":"entity","index":"10 85/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Lorraine Bannai Interview","description":"Sansei female. Born 1955 in Los Angeles, CA. Grew up in Gardena, CA, surrounded by a large Japanese American community. Influenced by father's role in community and politics, and mother's emphasis on education. Attended University of California, Santa Barbara where she became increasingly aware of Japanese American history, issues of ethnic identity and racial inequality. Attended the University of San Francisco School of Law where she honed her commitment to political and social activism. Only a few years out of law school, she joined a team of lawyers working to reopen the Supreme Court's 1944 decision in Korematsu v. United States. Convicted of violating the exclusion order during World War II, Mr. Korematsu's case went all the way to the Supreme Court where the exclusion and incarceration of Japanese Americans was upheld as constitutional, based on the government's argument of \"military necessity.\" Through a petition for writ of error coram nobis (establishing that the case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution), the legal team reopened the case, provided evidence that the factual underpinnings to the exclusion orders were fraudulent, and successfully had the Korematsu conviction vacated, as well as a handful of other similar convictions. In this interview, Ms. Bannai discusses the coram nobis legal team, the support for the effort among the Japanese American community, and personal lessons gained from being a part of this effort.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"00:08:03","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-14","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":112,"namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lorraine Bannai narrator","download_large":"denshovh-blorraine-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-350","model":"entity","index":"11 86/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-350/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-350/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-350-mezzanine-b37ac0e8b4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-350-mezzanine-b37ac0e8b4-a.jpg"},"title":"\"My Life Begins\"","description":"My Life Begins (autobiography): Ai Chih's parents, conversion to Christianity, education in Japan, arrival in US on student visa, U of Chicago, Robert Cashman, Keimer Shou, Japanese Christian Church (Chicago), War, Ordination, Meeting Ryo, Marriage, Navy-Columbia U, War Dept.-D.C., MD, US Strategic Bombing Survey, UNRRA","extent":"unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-350","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Chinese American identity","id":"455"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Military service -- Postwar occupation of Japan","id":"199"},{"term":"Education","id":"31"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Family","id":"46"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Men","id":"511"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Parents","id":"513"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship","id":"1"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- The journey","id":"3"},{"term":"Japan","id":"108"},{"term":"Japan -- Pre-World War II","id":"163"},{"term":"Japan -- Post-World War II","id":"165"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"Religion and churches","id":"29"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Religious organizations","id":"397"},{"term":"World War II","id":"399"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Tek-It"},{"namepart":"Tainan Sin-Lau Hospital"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Tek-I"},{"namepart":"Maxwell, James"},{"namepart":"Aoyama Gakuin Senior High School"},{"namepart":"Doshisha High School"},{"namepart":"Doshisha Daigaku"},{"namepart":"Tainan Presbyterian High School"},{"namepart":"Tainan shen xue yuan"},{"namepart":"St. John's University (Shanghai, China)"},{"namepart":"Doshisha Church"},{"namepart":"Hori, Teiichi"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Ji"},{"namepart":"Osaka Daigaku Igakubu"},{"namepart":"Japanese Congregational Church"},{"namepart":"Doshisha Preparatory School"},{"namepart":"Goto, Masaishi"},{"namepart":"Yokogawa, Fujiye"},{"namepart":"Sanwa Bank"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Le"},{"namepart":"University of Hong Kong"},{"namepart":"University of Chicago Divinity School"},{"namepart":"Taiwan Foreign Bureau"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Jim"},{"namepart":"Shanghai Foreign Bureau"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Jin"},{"namepart":"Uratani, Michizo"},{"namepart":"Kimura, Kagsuji"},{"namepart":"S.S. Taiyo Maru (passenger ship) / S.S. Cap Fiinisterre (ID 4051)"},{"namepart":"Uchida, Takashi"},{"namepart":"Pacific School of Religion"},{"namepart":"Mitsubishi Ginko"},{"namepart":"Cashman, Robert"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, Yoshio"},{"namepart":"Chicago Theological Seminary"},{"namepart":"Shou, Keimer"},{"namepart":"Kyushu Daigaku"},{"namepart":"Woodlawn Dining Co-op"},{"namepart":"Chicago Congregational Association"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa) Morikawa, Ayano A36(Hirahara)"},{"namepart":"Fourth Presbyterian Church"},{"namepart":"Japanese Church of Christ"},{"namepart":"Palmer, Albert W."},{"namepart":"Anderson, Harrison Ray"},{"namepart":"Columbia University"},{"namepart":"United States Office of Naval Intelligence"},{"namepart":"MacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964"},{"namepart":"Pentagon (Va.)"},{"namepart":"United Nations Rescue and Relief Association (UNRRA)"},{"namepart":"United States Department of War"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Lee, Shinko"},{"namepart":"Kao, Tien Shin"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"narrative","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsai, Ai Chih author Tsai, Ai Chih \nTsai, Tek-It \nTainan Sin-Lau Hospital \nTsai, Tek-I \nMaxwell, James \nAoyama Gakuin Senior High School \nDoshisha High School \nDoshisha Daigaku \nTainan Presbyterian High School \nTainan shen xue yuan \nSt. John's University (Shanghai, China) \nDoshisha Church \nHori, Teiichi \nTsai, Ai Ji \nOsaka Daigaku Igakubu \nJapanese Congregational Church \nDoshisha Preparatory School \nGoto, Masaishi \nYokogawa, Fujiye \nSanwa Bank \nTsai, Ai Le \nUniversity of Hong Kong \nUniversity of Chicago Divinity School \nTaiwan Foreign Bureau \nTsai, Ai Jim \nShanghai Foreign Bureau \nTsai, Ai Jin \nUratani, Michizo \nKimura, Kagsuji \nS.S. Taiyo Maru (passenger ship) / S.S. Cap Fiinisterre (ID 4051) \nUchida, Takashi \nPacific School of Religion \nMitsubishi Ginko \nCashman, Robert \nMorikawa, Yoshio \nChicago Theological Seminary \nShou, Keimer \nKyushu Daigaku \nWoodlawn Dining Co-op \nChicago Congregational Association \nTsai, Ryo (Morikawa) Morikawa, Ayano A36(Hirahara) \nFourth Presbyterian Church \nJapanese Church of Christ \nPalmer, Albert W. \nAnderson, Harrison Ray \nColumbia University \nUnited States Office of Naval Intelligence \nMacArthur, Douglas, 1880-1964 \nPentagon (Va.) \nUnited Nations Rescue and Relief Association (UNRRA) \nUnited States Department of War \nCaldwell, BiHoa (Tsai) \nLee, Shinko \nKao, Tien Shin","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-350-mezzanine-b37ac0e8b4-a.jpg"},{"id":"122","model":"narrator","index":"12 87/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/122/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/122/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ipeter.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ipeter.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/122/interviews/"},"display_name":"Peter Irons","bio":"White male. Born 1940 in Salem, Massachusetts. Family moved frequently during his childhood due to father's employment. Strongly influenced by parents' values regarding racial tolerance and inclusion, and principles learned through Unitarian Church. While attending Antioch College in Ohio, became involved in political and social activism for civil rights. Joined the youth branch of NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and other groups. Active in sit-ins and other demonstrations addressing racial inequality, peace and related issues, eventually becoming a full-time organizer. Worked for the United Autoworkers Union. Resisted the draft, and was indicted by a federal grand jury in 1964. Convicted of failing to report for military service and sentenced to three years in prison. Graduated from Antioch College, 1966. Appealed his conviction to the United States Court of Appeals and lost. Served his sentence in federal institutions in Milan, Michigan, Terre Haute, Indiana, and Danbury, Connecticut. Following release from prison in 1969, attended graduate school at Boston University, obtaining PhD in political science in 1973. Accepted to Harvard Law School. While a law student, researched and filed a writ of error coram nobis with the federal court in which he had been convicted, and as a result had his conviction vacated. (Writ of error coram nobis establishes that the original case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution.) Graduated from Harvard Law School in 1978. Taught undergraduate and law school courses at several schools before joining faculty of the University of California at San Diego. While conducting research at the National Archives and Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. in preparation for writing a book, discovered evidence of governmental misconduct during World War II, which refuted the U.S. government's rationale of \"military necessity\" for the mass incarceration of persons of Japanese ancestry in 1942. Using this evidence, assisted the congressional Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. Contacted original defendants, initiated formation of legal teams, and was instrumental in filing petitions using the writ of error coram nobis, resulting in the reconsideration of the wartime \"internment cases\": Hirabayashi, Korematsu, and Yasui. Dr. Irons is a professor of political science and director of the Earl Warren Bill of Rights Project at the University of California, San Diego."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-127","model":"entity","index":"13 88/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-127/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-127/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ipeter-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ipeter-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Peter Irons Interview II","description":"White male. Born 1940 in Salem, Massachusetts. Family moved frequently during his childhood due to father's employment. Strongly influenced by parents' values regarding racial tolerance and inclusion, and principles learned through Unitarian Church. While attending Antioch College in Ohio, became involved in political and social activism for civil rights. Joined the youth branch of NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and other groups. Active in sit-ins and other demonstrations addressing racial inequality, peace and related issues, eventually becoming a full-time organizer. Worked for the United Autoworkers Union. Resisted the draft, and was indicted by a federal grand jury in 1964. Convicted of failing to report for military service and sentenced to three years in prison. Graduated from Antioch College, 1966. Appealed his conviction to the United States Court of Appeals and lost. Served his sentence in federal institutions in Milan, Michigan, Terre Haute, Indiana, and Danbury, Connecticut. Following release from prison in 1969, attended graduate school at Boston University, obtaining PhD in political science in 1973. Accepted to Harvard Law School. While a law student, researched and filed a writ of error coram nobis with the federal court in which he had been convicted, and as a result had his conviction vacated. (Writ of error coram nobis establishes that the original case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution.) Graduated from Harvard Law School in 1978. Taught undergraduate and law school courses at several schools before joining faculty of the University of California at San Diego. While conducting research at the National Archives and Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. in preparation for writing a book, discovered evidence of governmental misconduct during World War II, which refuted the U.S. government's rationale of \"military necessity\" for the mass incarceration of persons of Japanese ancestry in 1942. Using this evidence, assisted the congressional Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. Contacted original defendants, initiated formation of legal teams, and was instrumental in filing petitions using the writ of error coram nobis, resulting in the reconsideration of the wartime \"internment cases\": Hirabayashi, Korematsu, and Yasui. Dr. Irons is a professor of political science and director of the Earl Warren Bill of Rights Project at the University of California, San Diego.","extent":"02:41:34","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-127","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":122,"namepart":"Peter Irons"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 27, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Peter Irons narrator \nLorraine Bannai interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ipeter-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-126","model":"entity","index":"14 89/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-126/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-126/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ipeter-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ipeter-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Peter Irons Interview I","description":"White male. Born 1940 in Salem, Massachusetts. Family moved frequently during his childhood due to father's employment. Strongly influenced by parents' values regarding racial tolerance and inclusion, and principles learned through Unitarian Church. While attending Antioch College in Ohio, became involved in political and social activism for civil rights. Joined the youth branch of NAACP, the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and other groups. Active in sit-ins and other demonstrations addressing racial inequality, peace and related issues, eventually becoming a full-time organizer. Worked for the United Autoworkers Union. Resisted the draft, and was indicted by a federal grand jury in 1964. Convicted of failing to report for military service and sentenced to three years in prison. Graduated from Antioch College, 1966. Appealed his conviction to the United States Court of Appeals and lost. Served his sentence in federal institutions in Milan, Michigan, Terre Haute, Indiana, and Danbury, Connecticut. Following release from prison in 1969, attended graduate school at Boston University, obtaining PhD in political science in 1973. Accepted to Harvard Law School. While a law student, researched and filed a writ of error coram nobis with the federal court in which he had been convicted, and as a result had his conviction vacated. (Writ of error coram nobis establishes that the original case was premised on errors of fact withheld from the judge and the defense by the prosecution.) Graduated from Harvard Law School in 1978. Taught undergraduate and law school courses at several schools before joining faculty of the University of California at San Diego. While conducting research at the National Archives and Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. in preparation for writing a book, discovered evidence of governmental misconduct during World War II, which refuted the U.S. government's rationale of \"military necessity\" for the mass incarceration of persons of Japanese ancestry in 1942. Using this evidence, assisted the congressional Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians. Contacted original defendants, initiated formation of legal teams, and was instrumental in filing petitions using the writ of error coram nobis, resulting in the reconsideration of the wartime \"internment cases\": Hirabayashi, Korematsu, and Yasui. Dr. Irons is a professor of political science and director of the Earl Warren Bill of Rights Project at the University of California, San Diego.","extent":"02:21:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-126","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":122,"namepart":"Peter Irons"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 25, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Peter Irons narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nLorraine Bannai interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ipeter-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-379","model":"collection","index":"15 90/{'value': 91, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-379/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-379/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg"},"title":"Sumida Family Collection","description":"The Sumida Family Collection contains material about Chimata and Masako Murakami Sumida and their six children, Alice Yuriko Endo, Grace Rayko Nagai, Emmy Ito, Marshall Masaru Sumida, Theodore Tetsuro Sumida, Marjorie Yohko Matsumoto, and their families. Before World War II, Chimata Sumida owned a music store located in Los Angeles’ Japanese Town that sold music, instruments, radios, and other small electronics. After 3 FBI interrogations, Chimata and his worker, Yoshio Takashima, were arrested on January 16, 1942, detained at the Los Angeles County Jail, transferred to Tuna Canyon Detention Station, and interned at the Fort Missoula Alien Detention Center.
\r\n\r\nThe collection begins with a series of letters between Chimata Sumida written during his internment in the Fort Missoula Alien Detention Center to and from his wife and children. These censored letters describe the harsh conditions and social atmosphere at Ft. Missoula and chaotic life in Los Angeles preparing for the upcoming Executive 9066 evacuation and its consequences. An important portion of this collection are copies of documents contained in Chimata Sumida’s U.S. Department of Justice file obtained from the U.S. Archives. Contained in this file are Chimata’s testimony during his Alien Enemy Hearing Board, the docketed Department of Justice Alien Enemy Hearing Board Report with its split 2-1 decision recommendation in favor of internment, the Memorandum to the Chief of the Review Division recommending parole, and the final Order signed by Attorney General Biddle granting parole under the conditions and restrictions indicated in the document.
\r\n\r\nAfter Chimata Sumida’s transfer to Rohwer Relocation Center, he soon became a prominent Issei leader of the camp. He met 6 days a week with more than 600 Issei nightly who listened to his translation of American News into Japanese. He served as a committeeman on the Resettlement Advisory Board and was chairman of the Resettlement Committee organized by the Community Council. In addition, he collaborated with two other Issei, T. Takashima and S. Muraoka, to submit a proposal to various U.S. government agencies to establish cooperative colonies in rural areas of the United States suitable for farming to relocate 13,000 settlers from various WRA relocation camps. This plan was ultimately rejected by Dillon Myer, Director of the War Relocation Authority.
\r\n\r\nAfter leaving Rohwer Relocation Camp in 1945, Chimata and Masako Sumida resettled in Washington, D.C. with their children and grandchildren. Most of the Sumida family eventually moved back to the west coast. However, the Endos remained in the Washington, D.C. area and remained active in the community. They participated in many civil rights events including the 1963 March on Washington.","links_children":"ddr-densho-379","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"United States Department of War","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}