(Members of the National Japanese American Historical Society (NJAHS) arranged for and conducted this interview in conjunction with Densho.)","extent":"00:55:53","links_children":"ddr-densho-1008-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":51,"namepart":"George S. Matsui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Marvin Uratsu"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zr0q","namepart":"Matsui, George Shigeo"}],"contributor":"National Japanese American Historical Society Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 11, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George S. Matsui narrator \nMarvin Uratsu interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Matsui, George Shigeo 88922nr015zr0q","download_large":"denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-8","model":"entity","index":"7 2107/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-haiko-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-haiko-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Aiko Herzig Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born August 5, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Washington representative and researcher for National Council for Japanese American Redress (NCJAR) and primary archival researcher for Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC), the three coram nobis cases. Consultant to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History exhibition. \"A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution\"; and consultant for the Justice Department's Office of Redress Administration.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:52:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":18,"namepart":"Herzig-Yoshinaga, Aiko"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009rk47","namepart":"Miyazaki, Aiko"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"March 20, 1994","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Herzig-Yoshinaga, Aiko narrator \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Miyazaki, Aiko 88922nr009rk47","download_large":"denshovh-haiko-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-56","model":"entity","index":"8 2108/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-56/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-56/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview IV","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"02:39:54","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-56","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"September 23, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-100","model":"entity","index":"9 2109/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-100/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-100/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-uben-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-uben-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Uyeno Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born November 30, 1918, in Yakima, Washington. Spent two years of childhood in Japan. Returned to Seattle and became an active participant in Japanese American community life. Was attending the University of Washington when World War II started. Avoided incarceration with the help of the Friends (a Quaker organization), which hid him and helped him enroll in another university. He eventually entered medical school. Later he became a captain in the U.S. Army and served as a MASH doctor in Korea, where he was trained on one of the first kidney machines. Returned to Seattle and helped pioneer the first kidney dialysis program in the United States. Became the first Japanese American Chief of Staff at Providence Hospital in Seattle. Established a private practice that faithfully served the area's Japanese American community for thirty-two years. Helped establish and develop the Keiro nursing home (later operated as part of Nikkei Concerns).","extent":"01:55:31","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-100","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":101,"namepart":"Ben Uyeno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Dee Goto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"June 1, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Uyeno narrator \nDee Goto interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-uben-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-261","model":"entity","index":"10 2110/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-261/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-261/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Sumida Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 10, 1925, in Chicago, Illinois. Grew up primarily in Los Angeles, California, where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Santa Anita assembly Center, California, where he participating in running an organized gambling operation. Moved briefly to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before being sent to Tule Lake, California, after signing the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" Transferred to the Santa Fe Department of Justice internment camp, New Mexico. Upon wishes of parents, renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan. Worked for the military government during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Eventually regained U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:22:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-261","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":415,"namepart":"Frank Sumida"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Takei"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0116q01","namepart":"Sumida, Frank Teruo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 23, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Sumida narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nBarbara Takei interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Sumida, Frank Teruo 88922nr0116q01","download_large":"denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-53","model":"entity","index":"11 2111/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-53/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-53/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"01:59:00","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-53","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 26, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-57","model":"entity","index":"12 2112/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-57/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-57/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-05-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-05-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview V","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"03:05:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-57","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"October 14, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-05-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-55","model":"entity","index":"13 2113/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-55/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-55/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview III","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"03:01:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-55","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"September 21, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-58","model":"entity","index":"14 2114/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-58/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-58/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-06-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-06-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview VI","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"02:36:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-58","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"October 28, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-06-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-16","model":"entity","index":"15 2115/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-16/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-16/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-haiko-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-haiko-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga Interview I","description":"Nisei female. Born August 5, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Los Angeles. During World War II, removed to the Manzanar concentration camp, California, and transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Washington representative and researcher for National Council for Japanese American Redress (NCJAR) and primary archival researcher for the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC), and the three coram nobis cases. Consultant to the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History exhibition. \"A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the United States Constitution\"; and consultant for the Justice Department's Office of Redress Administration.
(This interview was conducted at the Voices of Japanese American Redress Conference, held on the UCLA campus and sponsored by the UCLA Asian American Studies Center and the UCLA School of Public Policy and Social Research. Because of the full conference schedule, our interviews were limited to one hour. The interviews therefore focused primarily on a single topic, namely, the narrator's role in the redress movement.)","extent":"00:55:52","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-16","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":18,"namepart":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Larry Hashima"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Glen Kitayama"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr009rk47","namepart":"Miyazaki, Aiko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"University of CA, Los Angeles","creation":"September 11, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga narrator \nLarry Hashima interviewer \nGlen Kitayama interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Miyazaki, Aiko 88922nr009rk47","download_large":"denshovh-haiko-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-54","model":"entity","index":"16 2116/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-54/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-54/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"01:41:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-54","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"May 4, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-468-158","model":"entity","index":"17 2117/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-468-158/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-468-158/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-158-mezzanine-244668ea60-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-158-mezzanine-244668ea60-a.jpg"},"title":"Nonfiction manuscript: \"Road to Freedom\" with submission letter and rejection letter","description":"Manuscript of nonfiction narrative describing experience as Japanese-American seeking student leave from World War II incarceration. The manuscript incorporates letters to various college admission staff. Page one is a submission letter to the Yale Review. Page two is a rejection slip.","extent":"8.5W x 11H; 5.5W x 8.5H","links_children":"ddr-densho-468-158","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Rostow, Eugene V."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Literary arts -- Nonfiction","id":"244"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- Student leave","id":"102"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"},{"namepart":"Rostow, Eugene V. (Eugene Victor)"},{"namepart":"Yale University"},{"namepart":"Thomas, Norman"},{"namepart":"Wimberley, Lowry C."},{"namepart":"Stepanek, O. (Orin)"},{"namepart":"University of Nebraska"},{"namepart":"National Japanese American Student Relocation Council"},{"namepart":"University of California, Los Angeles"},{"namepart":"United States, War Department"},{"namepart":"United States, Navy"},{"namepart":"University of Colorado"},{"namepart":"Duggan, Helen G."},{"namepart":"State University of Iowa"},{"namepart":"Cornell University"},{"namepart":"University of Minnesota"},{"namepart":"University of Chicago"},{"namepart":"Richards, Ray"},{"namepart":"Lovett, Robert Morss"},{"namepart":"Goss, R. W. (Robert Whitmore)"},{"namepart":"Seashore, Carl E. (Carl Emil)"},{"namepart":"Sabine, George Holland"},{"namepart":"Conard, Joseph W."},{"namepart":"Longueil, Alfred E."},{"namepart":"Rolfe, Franklin P. (Franklin Prescott)"},{"namepart":"King, Trudy"},{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Henry \"Hank\" Jinichi"},{"namepart":"Drew, Robert"},{"namepart":"United States, Federal Bureau of Investigation"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"nocc","genre":"manuscript","location":"Lincoln, Nebraska","facility":[{"term":"Santa Anita","id":"23"},{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"January 22, 1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi author \nRostow, Eugene V. author Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi \nRostow, Eugene V. (Eugene Victor) \nYale University \nThomas, Norman \nWimberley, Lowry C. \nStepanek, O. (Orin) \nUniversity of Nebraska \nNational Japanese American Student Relocation Council \nUniversity of California, Los Angeles \nUnited States, War Department \nUnited States, Navy \nUniversity of Colorado \nDuggan, Helen G. \nState University of Iowa \nCornell University \nUniversity of Minnesota \nUniversity of Chicago \nRichards, Ray \nLovett, Robert Morss \nGoss, R. W. (Robert Whitmore) \nSeashore, Carl E. (Carl Emil) \nSabine, George Holland \nConard, Joseph W. \nLongueil, Alfred E. \nRolfe, Franklin P. (Franklin Prescott) \nKing, Trudy \nIshikawa, Henry \"Hank\" Jinichi \nDrew, Robert \nUnited States, Federal Bureau of Investigation","download_large":"ddr-densho-468-158-mezzanine-244668ea60-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-483-136","model":"entity","index":"18 2118/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-483-136/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-483-136/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-483/ddr-densho-483-136-mezzanine-bae3582c8a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-483/ddr-densho-483-136-mezzanine-bae3582c8a-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Kuroki's Story","description":"Pamphlet of a speech delivered by Technical Sergeant Ben Kuroki, U.S. Air Force, to the Commonwealth Club in San Francisco on January 4, 1944 published by the Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play.","extent":"5.25W x 7.75H (closed); 10.375W x 7.75H","links_children":"ddr-densho-483-136","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ben Kuroki"},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play"}],"topics":[{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Airborne troops","id":"540"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Kuroki, Ben"},{"namepart":"Pacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play"},{"namepart":"Commonwealth Club in San Francisco"},{"namepart":"United States Air Force"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"pamphlet","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"January 4, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Kuroki author \nPacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play publisher Kuroki, Ben \nPacific Coast Committee on American Principles and Fair Play \nCommonwealth Club in San Francisco \nUnited States Air Force","download_large":"ddr-densho-483-136-mezzanine-bae3582c8a-a.jpg"},{"id":"182","model":"narrator","index":"19 2119/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/182/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/182/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/scharles.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/scharles.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/182/interviews/"},"display_name":"Charles Z. Smith","bio":"Born February 23, 1927, in Lakeland, Florida. Left home at age fourteen to live under the educational supervision of Dr. William H. Gray, Jr., attended Florida A & M, and graduated with a degree in business administration from Temple University. Graduated from University of Washington Law School in 1955, then served as law clerk for Supreme Court Justice Matthew W. Hill. Worked as both deputy prosecuting attorney for King County and in private law practice, before moving to Washington, D.C., to take position as Special Assistant to the Attorney General of the United States in the legal field. Justice Smith was appointed to the Washington State Supreme Court in 1988, where he served until his retirement in 2002. Justice Smith received the University of Washington Law School's Distinguished Alumnus Award in 1990, and was appointed by President Clinton to the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom in 1999. He has also won the Asian Bar Association's Judge of the Year award as well as the Lifetime Service Award from the Washington State Bar Association. During his long and illustrious career, Justice Smith has served on the boards of several Asian American community organizations, and worked on behalf of immigrants' rights."},{"id":"1018","model":"narrator","index":"20 2120/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1018/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1018/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-528_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-528_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1018/interviews/"},"display_name":"Frank Abe","bio":"Sansei male. Born 1951 in Cleveland, Ohio. During World War II, father was incarcerated the Pomona Assembly Center, California, and the Heart Mountain concentratin camp, Wyoming. Mother came to the United States from Japan in 1950. Frank grew up in Cleveland, where his parents owned a boarding house. Earned a B.A. in theater directing from the University of California at Santa Cruz and received professional actors' training at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco. An original member of the Asian American Theater Workshop in San Francisco. Helped organize the first Day of Remembrance event in Seattle in 1978. Instrumental in creating the National Council for Japanese American Redress in Seattle. Worked as a reporter for KIRO Newsradio in Seattle, and was the co-founder of the Seattle chapter of the Asian American Journalists Association. Later worked as Director of Communications for the King County Executive in Seattle. Filmmaker who made the documentary Conscience and the Constitution with Shannon Gee, author of JOHN OKADA: The Life & Rediscovered Work of the Author of No-No Boy, and lead author of the graphic novel, We Hereby Refuse."},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-321","model":"entity","index":"21 2121/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-321/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-321/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-321-mezzanine-a761ef3296-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-321-mezzanine-a761ef3296-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Ryo Tsai to Elder Brother-in-Law","description":"Warm greetings until we meet. Ai Chih Tsai and Ryo (Morikawa) Tsai met with Commander Dowie, Lt. Kerr, and J. Dickson of Canadian Mission Board in D.C.. Dickson is very enthusiastic about Ai Chih Tsai's plans. Ryo asked that printed literature with details of the plan (buildings, cost, location, mission, current board members, etc. ) would help Ai Chih Tsai raise money in US.","extent":"8W x 10.5H","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-321","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"}],"topics":[{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa) Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Dowie, Kenneth"},{"namepart":"Kerr, George \"Jack\" H."},{"namepart":"Dickson, James"},{"namepart":"Presbyterian Church in Canada Board of Foreign Ministers"},{"namepart":"United States Department of Commerce"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Washington, District of Columbia","creation":"February 23, 1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa) author Tsai, Ai Chih \nTsai, Ryo (Morikawa) Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai) \nDowie, Kenneth \nKerr, George \"Jack\" H. \nDickson, James \nPresbyterian Church in Canada Board of Foreign Ministers \nUnited States Department of Commerce","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-321-mezzanine-a761ef3296-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-10","model":"entity","index":"22 2122/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-10-2-mezzanine-713f944319-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-10-2-mezzanine-713f944319-a.jpg"},"title":"Donald K. Tamaki Interview","description":"Born in 1951, Donald K. Tamaki spent his formative years in the era of the African American and Asian American civil rights movements. He studied at the Asian American Studies program at University of California, Berkeley, and became a lawyer inspired by the significant social and political changes of the 1970s. In the early 1980s, he joined the legal effort to overturn Fred Korematsu, Gordon Hirabayashi and Minoru Yasui cases. Tamaki also served as the Executive Director of the Asian Law Caucus that served low-income clients in the Bay Area. It was around this time that he became involved with US survivors. He felt that these survivors were important living witnesses to the nuclear destruction, and as such, they would be able to encourage more people to support nuclear-free world. He joined Friends of Hibakusha, a group that supports US hibakusha, and assisted media publicity of the biannual medical checkups of American survivors conducted by Japanese physicians. He says that these medical checkups are not only for spreading anti-nuclear messages, but also for collecting scientific data on hibakusha. Tamaki also states that the overall lack of universal health care in the United States was one of the reasons why US survivors' effort in the 1970s to gain the US government's recognition and free medical treatment for their radiation illnesses failed. The US justification for the use of the atomic bombs, too, was the contributing factor. The interview contains his thoughts on interethnic collaborations, importance of shifting the political \"middle,\" military necessity and national security, and nuclear threats.","extent":"1:12:12","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-10","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":370,"namepart":"Donald K. Tamaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"27-Sep-15","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Donald K. Tamaki narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-10-2-mezzanine-713f944319-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-3","model":"entity","index":"23 2123/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg"},"title":"Keiko Shinmoto Interview","description":"Keiko Shinmoto's father migrated from Hiroshima to Portland, Oregon, where his brother was an owner of a grocery store. After returning to Hiroshima to see his ailing father, Keiko's father found it impossible to return to America as his mother hid his passport to keep him in Japan. Shortly, Keiko's mother joined him in Hiroshima, also her hometown. Unlike her eight older siblings, then, Keiko was born in Japan, in 1936. She recalls the challenge of being sent to the countryside at the age of eight as part of shudan sokai, a wartime program for children aiming to protect the youth from fire bombings in cities. The food shortage and black market called yamiichi that flourished after the war, too, left Keiko a strong impression. She is a nyushi survivor, as she was exposed to radiation by walking through the city of Hiroshima three days after the bombing. She lost one of her older sisters to the bomb. She came to the United States in 1960 with a help of her US-born brother, by then living in Los Angeles. She relearned English from her father who was also back in the United States and in the area at that time. Keiko attended a technical college to study design while working as a \"schoolgirl\" and worked briefly in Beverly Hills as a dressmaker before she married Nisei from Stockton. A former prisoner of the Gila River War Relocation Center, he worked as a mechanic at Chevrolet after the war and became an owner of a car repair shop. Keiko helped the shop's book keeping, while she also raised two children and worked at a grocery store in order to pay for her health insurance. At the time of the interview, Keiko had just joined a biannual medical checkup conducted by Hiroshima physicians in San Francisco for the first time because of the encouragement by another US survivor. After her husband passed away in 1998, she has been enjoying talking with her children, going to a Buddhist church in Stockton, and keeping in touch with her Nisei friends.","extent":"1:38:22","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":965,"namepart":"Keiko Shinmoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Stockton, California","creation":"25-Jul-11","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Keiko Shinmoto narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-3-1-mezzanine-701b9f69a1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-4","model":"entity","index":"24 2124/{'value': 2192, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg"},"title":"Matsuko Hayashi Interview","description":"Born in 1921 in Parlier in Fresno County, California, Matsuko Hayashi (pseudonym) grew up as the second oldest of the eight children of a first-generation immigrant who had come to the United States as a sixteen years old, and his wife who had come as a \"picture bride.\" They raised grapes on three farms that Matsuko's father and his brother had bought. She remembers her father's affection for the family and his dedication to Buddhism, and how busy her mother was raising children. They hired Mexican laborers and operated their business successfully, winning many blue ribbons for their products at state fairs. Matsuko recalls how the family enjoyed going to camping at Yosemite, and how she went to a Japanese school on Saturdays and Sundays, which she found not effective in teaching her Japanese. As for the American school that she attended on weekdays, she recalls how her teachers were prejudiced against the Japanese. When she went to Japan in 1940, she felt her Japanese classmates were biased against Americans like herself. She and other Nisei at her school in Hiroshima spoke in English, making their Japanese classmate believe that the American students were bad-mouthing their Japanese peers. On August 8, 1945, she was injured and lost consciousness after the bombing, but she survived with the help of her Nisei friend that she knew from a sewing school she had attended in Hiroshima. She lost one of her sisters to the bombing, whom her family was able to identify only because of the white nametag she wore. After losing her Japanese husband to the war, Matsuko came back to the United States in 1947, went to a drapery school and worked in Hollywood as a dressmaker, and was remarried to a Nisei who had been a \"no-no-boy\" in Tule Lake and expressed no concern about the fact that Matsuko is a survivor. As a dedicated Buddhist, Matsuko spent her married life focusing on raising family and working at a nursery, and interacted with other US survivors only occasionally. She feels that being attacked by the bomb was like being hit by tsunami; it was shikata ga nai (It couldn't be helped).","extent":"1:23:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":966,"namepart":"Matsuko Hayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"3-Jun-12","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuko Hayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"United States","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}