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He was eventually found and picked up, and was reunited with family on the ship from Peru to the United States in 1944. Atsumi Ozawa was incarcerated with her family in the Crystal City internment camp, Texas. After leaving camp, worked for a time in Seabrook, New Jersey, and eventually moved to Chicago, Illinois.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:34:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-348","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":585,"namepart":"Atsumi Ozawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Skokie, Illinois","creation":"June 17, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Atsumi Ozawa narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-oatsumi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1004-9","model":"entity","index":"1 2076/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1004-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1004-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1004/denshovh-mroy-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1004/denshovh-mroy-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Roy Matsumoto Interview","description":"Nisei male. 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Inducted into the Ranger Hall of Fame in 1993.","extent":"01:59:59","links_children":"ddr-densho-1004-9","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":151,"namepart":"Roy H. Matsumoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"gayle k. yamada"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Peter Marshall"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs43","namepart":"Matsumoto, Roy Hiroshi"}],"contributor":"gayle k. yamada Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Washington, D.C.","creation":"November 8, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roy H. 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Was a strong critic of the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL). After moving to Seattle, was active in formulating the \"Seattle Plan\" for redress in the early 1970s.<p>(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary,<i> Rabbit in the Moon</i>, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. 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Koyama is to testify on his behalf concerning his arrest and detention.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-111","creators":[{"role":"United States Attorney","namepart":"Donaugh, Carl C"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Arrest, searches, and seizures","id":"50"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Keizaburo, Koyama"},{"namepart":"Koyama, Ken"},{"namepart":"Keisaburo, Koyama"},{"namepart":"Donaugh, Carl C."},{"namepart":"Immigration & Naturalization Service"},{"namepart":"Department of Justice"},{"namepart":"Alien Enemy Hearing Board"},{"namepart":"Federal Bureau of Investigation"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Portland","id":"289"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Portland, Oregon","creation":"January 20, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Donaugh, Carl C United States Attorney Keizaburo, Koyama \nKoyama, Ken \nKeisaburo, Koyama \nDonaugh, Carl C. \nImmigration & Naturalization Service \nDepartment of Justice \nAlien Enemy Hearing Board \nFederal Bureau of Investigation","download_large":"ddr-one-5-111-mezzanine-1c4778ffea-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-5-155","model":"entity","index":"5 2080/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-155/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-155/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-155-mezzanine-1d5d9c197f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-155-mezzanine-1d5d9c197f-a.jpg"},"title":"Department of Justice Alien Enemy Hearing Board Report and Recommendation page 3 of 4","description":"Photocopy of a declassified report detailing the reasoning behind the recommendation that Dr. Keizaburo Koyama be interned as an alien enemy. This page continues with the assessment of the Japanese Chamber of Commerce. The Chamber felt it was under FBI investigation in 1940 and someone there suggested they conduct their meetings in secret. The report states that Dr. Koyama took great interest in the organization and financially contributed more than required. Dr. Koyama adds that his dentist practice is one-half American, but he was reluctant to divulge his American acquaintances. Pertaining to his family, he said his son spent time at a Japanese language school, but no longer attends, but he is active with the Boy Scouts. Other than the Japanese Methodist Episcopal Church, the Oregon State Dental Society, and the Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Dr. Koyama belongs to no other organization. While Dr. Koyama made a good impression on the board, they felt he was not fully open with his answers.","extent":"1 photocopy: 8.50 W x 14 H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-155","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Everson, William G."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Clark, Alfred E."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Scott, Leslie M."},{"role":"United States District Attorney","namepart":"Donaugh, Carl C."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Decision to incarcerate","id":"203"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Koyama, Keizaburo"},{"namepart":"Akiyama, Tomishichi"},{"namepart":"U.S. Department of Justice"},{"namepart":"Sokoku Kai"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon; Portland, Oregon","geography":[{"term":"Japan","id":"108"},{"term":"Portland","id":"289"}],"rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Portland, Oregon","facility":[{"term":"Fort Missoula","id":"30"}],"creation":"February 12, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Everson, William G. author \nClark, Alfred E. author \nScott, Leslie M. author \nDonaugh, Carl C. 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Approved for $829 on 11/1/25.","extent":"form: 8W x 13H; itemized losses continued: 8W x 11H; itemized loses total: 13W x 8.5H; envelope: 9.375W x 4.125H","links_children":"ddr-densho-483-67","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Fukuyama, Tsumi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations","id":"110"},{"term":"World War II -- Support from the non-Japanese American community","id":"80"},{"term":"World War II -- Economic losses","id":"59"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture","id":"6"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Hotel industry","id":"12"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015xm4f","namepart":"Fukuyama, Tsumu"},{"namepart":"United States. Department of Justice"},{"namepart":"Fukuyama, Matahachi"},{"nr_id":"88922/ddr001wg1","namepart":"Fukuyama, Tsutomu Tom"},{"namepart":"Corpuz, Michael \"Mike\""},{"namepart":"Johnson, Duff"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr006r20w\"","namepart":"Ima (Imayanagita), Morinosuki George"},{"namepart":"McCoullough, Ethel"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"},{"term":"Puyallup (Camp Harmony)","id":"11"}],"creation":"August 29, 1949","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fukuyama, Tsumi author Fukuyama, Tsumu 88922nr015xm4f\nUnited States. Department of Justice \nFukuyama, Matahachi \nFukuyama, Tsutomu Tom 88922ddr001wg1\nCorpuz, Michael \"Mike\" \nJohnson, Duff \nIma (Imayanagita), Morinosuki George 88922nr006r20w\"\nMcCoullough, Ethel","download_large":"ddr-densho-483-67-mezzanine-eb56d27eaa-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-510-42","model":"entity","index":"8 2083/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-510-42/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-510-42/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-42-mezzanine-3c2e69aecf-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-42-mezzanine-3c2e69aecf-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter to (John) Wilson from Mr. and Mrs. M. Katayama","description":"","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-510-42","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Katayama, M."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Katayama, Kathy"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of America","id":"23"},{"term":"Activism and involvement","id":"120"},{"term":"Race and racism","id":"36"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Boy Scouts of America"},{"namepart":"United States Congress"},{"namepart":"Katayama, M."},{"namepart":"Katayama, Kathy"},{"namepart":"Inouye, Daniel"},{"namepart":"Hope, Bob"},{"namepart":"Wilson, John"},{"namepart":"Adams, Brock"},{"namepart":"Jackson, Henry"},{"namepart":"Magnuson, Warren"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"August 13, 1973","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Katayama, M. author \nKatayama, Kathy author Boy Scouts of America \nUnited States Congress \nKatayama, M. \nKatayama, Kathy \nInouye, Daniel \nHope, Bob \nWilson, John \nAdams, Brock \nJackson, Henry \nMagnuson, Warren","download_large":"ddr-densho-510-42-mezzanine-3c2e69aecf-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-468-218","model":"entity","index":"9 2084/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-468-218/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-468-218/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-218-mezzanine-e8ffaa794c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-218-mezzanine-e8ffaa794c-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Bill Becker","description":"Update on requirements to add Norman Thomas to state ballot and efforts to establish Socialist Party in Nebraska. Request for Norman Thomas to speak at convention.","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-468-218","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"},{"namepart":"Thomas, Norman"},{"namepart":"Smith, Tucker P."},{"namepart":"Becker, William \"Bill\""},{"namepart":"Fleischman, Harry"},{"namepart":"Nebraskans for Norman Thomas"},{"namepart":"Socialist Party of the United States of America"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Lincoln, Nebraska","creation":"July 20, 1948","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi author Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi \nThomas, Norman \nSmith, Tucker P. \nBecker, William \"Bill\" \nFleischman, Harry \nNebraskans for Norman Thomas \nSocialist Party of the United States of America","download_large":"ddr-densho-468-218-mezzanine-e8ffaa794c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-468-205","model":"entity","index":"10 2085/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-468-205/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-468-205/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-205-mezzanine-9ec21f587a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-468/ddr-densho-468-205-mezzanine-9ec21f587a-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Joseph Ishikawa to Ray McConnell","description":"Thank you on behalf of Nebraskans for Norman Thomas for news coverage","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-468-205","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Journalism and media","id":"387"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi"},{"namepart":"Thomas, Norman"},{"namepart":"Smith, Tucker P."},{"namepart":"McConnell, Ray A."},{"namepart":"Nebraskans for Norman Thomas"},{"namepart":"Lincoln Journal"},{"namepart":"Socialist Party of the United States of America"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Lincoln, Nebraska","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi author Ishikawa, Joseph Bunichi \nThomas, Norman \nSmith, Tucker P. \nMcConnell, Ray A. \nNebraskans for Norman Thomas \nLincoln Journal \nSocialist Party of the United States of America","download_large":"ddr-densho-468-205-mezzanine-9ec21f587a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-439","model":"entity","index":"11 2086/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-439/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-439/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-439-mezzanine-e023ee9aae-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-439-mezzanine-e023ee9aae-a.jpg"},"title":"Seattle Times: Navy Loading Relief Supplies to Orient","description":"Ai Chih Tsai was one of the co-chairs of a joint effort by Seattle-area churches and the Navy to provided relief supplies to the Orient.","extent":"7.125W x 8.5H","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-439","topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Mass media","id":"391"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"Johannesen, William"},{"namepart":"Giffen, Robert C."},{"namepart":"Wells, Peter"},{"namepart":"Lambson, Eugene"},{"namepart":"Greater Seattle Council of Churches"},{"namepart":"United States Navy"},{"namepart":"Japanese Congregational Church"},{"namepart":"Greek Orthodox Church of the Assumption"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"clipping","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"April 27, 1961","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsai, Ai Chih \nJohannesen, William \nGiffen, Robert C. \nWells, Peter \nLambson, Eugene \nGreater Seattle Council of Churches \nUnited States Navy \nJapanese Congregational Church \nGreek Orthodox Church of the Assumption","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-439-mezzanine-e023ee9aae-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-171","model":"entity","index":"12 2087/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-171/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-171/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-171-mezzanine-ead1159dd8-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-171-mezzanine-ead1159dd8-a.jpg"},"title":"W.D. Form 67: Request and Authorization for Civilian Travel at Government Expense","description":"Travel Authorization for Ai Chih Tsai, Research Analyst, from Washington, D.C., to Camp Ritchie, MD, for 30 days.","extent":"8W x 10.5H","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-171","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Mac Lean, Allan D."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service","id":"88"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"United States War Department Military Intelligence Service"},{"namepart":"Mac Lean, Col. Allan D."},{"namepart":"Hubbard, Lt. Col. J."},{"namepart":"Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David)"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Washington, District of Columbia","creation":"February 9, 1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mac Lean, Allan D. author Tsai, Ai Chih \nUnited States War Department Military Intelligence Service \nMac Lean, Col. Allan D. \nHubbard, Lt. Col. J. \nEisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David)","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-171-mezzanine-ead1159dd8-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-329-545","model":"entity","index":"13 2088/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-329-545/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-329-545/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-329/ddr-densho-329-545-mezzanine-b342da7bc1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-329/ddr-densho-329-545-mezzanine-b342da7bc1-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter of introduction for Kaneji Domoto from J.W. Lankard to LeGrnder","description":"","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-329-545","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015xg73","namepart":"Domoto, Kaneji"},{"namepart":"Cooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics, State of Virginia"},{"namepart":"Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute and United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperating"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Eastville, Virginia","creation":"September 24, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Domoto, Kaneji 88922nr015xg73\nCooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics, State of Virginia \nVirginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute and United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperating","download_large":"ddr-densho-329-545-mezzanine-b342da7bc1-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-1636","model":"entity","index":"14 2089/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-1636/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-1636/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-1636-mezzanine-3a95d8792b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-1636-mezzanine-3a95d8792b-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean dispatch magazine section, vol. 1, no. 8 (March 1943)","description":"Monthly publication at Tule Lake incarceration camp including stories, poems, commentary and creative writing. Current issue includes \"Nisei America\" by Riley O'Suga, \"What Makes Peter Run?\" by Frances Okomoto, \"Haiku and Painting\" by Ken Yasuda, \"Tule in Rhyme\" by Iku Wada, \"Ramblings\" by Eugene Okada, \"It's the Little Things of Life\" by Sachiko Higashi, \"Looking Back\" by George Nakamura, and illustrations by Masao Inada and Dick Kurihara. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/10480\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sac_jaac_1638</a>","extent":"32 pages; 8.5 x 7 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-1636","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Tulean Dispatch"},{"role":"contributor","namepart":"O'Suga, Riley"},{"role":"contributor","namepart":"Okomoto, Frances"},{"role":"contributor","namepart":"Yasuda, Ken"},{"role":"contributor","namepart":"Wada, Iku"},{"role":"contributor","namepart":"Okada, Eugene"},{"role":"contributor","namepart":"Higashi, Sachiko"},{"role":"contributor","namepart":"Nakamura, George"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Arts and literature","id":"172"},{"term":"Journalism and media","id":"387"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"1943-03","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority publisher \nTulean Dispatch publisher \nO'Suga, Riley contributor \nOkomoto, Frances contributor \nYasuda, Ken contributor \nWada, Iku contributor \nOkada, Eugene contributor \nHigashi, Sachiko contributor \nNakamura, George contributor","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-1636-mezzanine-3a95d8792b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-446-349","model":"entity","index":"15 2090/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-446-349/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-446-349/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-349-mezzanine-769221d25d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-446/ddr-densho-446-349-mezzanine-769221d25d-a.jpg"},"title":"Ryo Morikawa Recollections","description":"Autobiography: Ryo's parents, Life in San Diego, 11 months in Japan, Evacuation, Married Life","extent":"unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-446-349","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- San Diego","id":"487"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Japanese American identity","id":"47"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Sansei","id":"338"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Women","id":"515"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Law and legislation -- Alien land laws","id":"516"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Life in Japan and reasons for leaving","id":"2"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Flower growers","id":"346"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Migrant labor","id":"347"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Small business -- Florists","id":"439"},{"term":"Japan -- Pre-World War II","id":"163"},{"term":"Reflections on the past","id":"118"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Buddhism","id":"395"},{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"World War II","id":"399"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Orphans","id":"512"},{"term":"Education","id":"31"},{"term":"Education -- Primary education","id":"333"},{"term":"Education -- Public schools","id":"32"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"},{"term":"Japan -- Education","id":"375"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath","id":"48"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Decision to incarcerate","id":"203"},{"term":"World War II -- Non-incarcerated Japanese Americans -- \"Voluntary evacuation\"","id":"56"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Community activities -- Recreational activities","id":"179"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa)"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, Ayano (Hirahara)"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, Kennosuke \"Frank\" (Kusumoto)"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, Kenji"},{"namepart":"Chiong, Anna Fumi (Morikawa)"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, George Kiyoshi"},{"namepart":"Cudahy's Packing Plant"},{"namepart":"Tsai, Ai Chih"},{"namepart":"Caldwell, BiHoa (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"United Nations Relief & Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA)"},{"namepart":"United States Marine Corps"},{"namepart":"K?kai"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, Takanosuke"},{"namepart":"White, Samuel"},{"namepart":"Fremont Elementary School"},{"namepart":"Point Loma High School"},{"namepart":"San Diego State University"},{"namepart":"California Institute of Technology"},{"namepart":"Keisen Jogakuen Daigaku"},{"namepart":"International Journal of Religious Education"},{"namepart":"Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. Board of National Missions"},{"namepart":"Hyde Park High School"},{"namepart":"Barnum and Bailey"},{"namepart":"Doshisha Daigaku"},{"namepart":"University of Chicago Divinity School"},{"namepart":"Illinois Institute of Technology"},{"namepart":"Sumio, Koga"},{"namepart":"Anderson, Harrison Ray"},{"namepart":"Fourth Presbyterian Church"},{"namepart":"Kerr, George \"Jack\" H."},{"namepart":"United States Army"},{"namepart":"United States Office of Naval Intelligence"},{"namepart":"Columbia University"},{"namepart":"United States Army Map Service"},{"namepart":"Poe, Bilin (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Lee, Bisim (Tsai)"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Seido"},{"namepart":"Congregational Committee for Christian Democracy"},{"namepart":"Japanese Congregational Church"},{"namepart":"Japanese Church of Christ"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"narrative","location":"Duluth, Minnesota","creation":"June 1, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa) author Tsai, Ryo (Morikawa) \nMorikawa, Ayano (Hirahara) \nMorikawa, Kennosuke \"Frank\" (Kusumoto) \nMorikawa, Kenji \nChiong, Anna Fumi (Morikawa) \nMorikawa, George Kiyoshi \nCudahy's Packing Plant \nTsai, Ai Chih \nCaldwell, BiHoa (Tsai) \nUnited Nations Relief & Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) \nUnited States Marine Corps \nK?kai \nMorikawa, Takanosuke \nWhite, Samuel \nFremont Elementary School \nPoint Loma High School \nSan Diego State University \nCalifornia Institute of Technology \nKeisen Jogakuen Daigaku \nInternational Journal of Religious Education \nPresbyterian Church in the U.S.A. Board of National Missions \nHyde Park High School \nBarnum and Bailey \nDoshisha Daigaku \nUniversity of Chicago Divinity School \nIllinois Institute of Technology \nSumio, Koga \nAnderson, Harrison Ray \nFourth Presbyterian Church \nKerr, George \"Jack\" H. \nUnited States Army \nUnited States Office of Naval Intelligence \nColumbia University \nUnited States Army Map Service \nPoe, Bilin (Tsai) \nLee, Bisim (Tsai) \nOgawa, Seido \nCongregational Committee for Christian Democracy \nJapanese Congregational Church \nJapanese Church of Christ","download_large":"ddr-densho-446-349-mezzanine-769221d25d-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-7-10","model":"entity","index":"16 2091/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-7-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-7-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-7/ddr-densho-7-10-mezzanine-d54073ad87-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-7/ddr-densho-7-10-mezzanine-d54073ad87-a.jpg"},"title":"WRA resettlement image","description":"Original WRA caption: \"It's good to have a private bath of your own again,\" says Mrs. George Isoda as [she] gives her 2-1/2-year-old son Robin his daily bath. \"After the community showers at the relocation centers, there's nothing quite so good as to be able to come home to your own warm tub and all the facilities offered by a modern bathroom in your own home.\" Mr. and Mrs. Isoda are Los Angeles Nisei who came to Milwaukee last year from the Granada Relocation Center. Mr. Isoda is a[n] auto mechanic in Milwaukee. They rent their own home, a large 6-room, 2-story house in which they live with another Nisei family, Mr. and Mrs. Masumi Kaneko. Beginning in summer 1942, the War Relocation Authority (WRA) began to release incarcerees and encouraged them to resettle in areas of the United States other than the West Coast.","extent":"2128W x 2739H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-7-10","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Isoda, George"},{"namepart":"Isoda, Robin"},{"namepart":"Kaneko, Masumi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Milwaukee, Wisconsin","creation":"1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Isoda, George \nIsoda, Robin \nKaneko, Masumi","download_large":"ddr-densho-7-10-mezzanine-d54073ad87-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-4-2023","model":"entity","index":"17 2092/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-4-2023/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-4-2023/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-2023-master-bf75e0fdea-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-4/ddr-njpa-4-2023-master-bf75e0fdea-a.jpg"},"title":"Photograph and short article regarding Iwasaburo Okino","description":"Caption on front: \"'While Japan looks to America as a model for many modern ideas of life and manners, there is a great need of a constructive interpretation of the best that the West has to offer.' Iwasaburo Okino, famous Japanese novelist, who arrived in San Francisco aboard the Tatsuta Maru recently, added to his above statement by saying that American motion pictures and lurid novels have presented a false picture of the United States to a large portion of the Japanese. Altogether interesting is this gentle Man of Letters from the shores of Dai Nippon, who has a broad view point of the Orient and the Occident, and may be just the person to write a true study of American life from the Japanese perspective. He is a follower of Christian ideals, and devoted to the cultural traditions of old Japan, as evidenced by his fifty-three volumes of writings, many of which are for children.\"","extent":"2.75W x 3.25H","links_children":"ddr-njpa-4-2023","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Okino, Iwasaburo"}],"contributor":"Hawaii Times Photo Archives Foundation","rights":"pcc","genre":"clipping","location":"San Francisco, California","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okino, Iwasaburo","download_large":"ddr-njpa-4-2023-master-bf75e0fdea-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-48-19","model":"entity","index":"18 2093/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-48-19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-48-19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-19-mezzanine-be7c5761e5-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-48/ddr-csujad-48-19-mezzanine-be7c5761e5-a.jpg"},"title":"My plans for my future","description":"Term Paper by Haruye Imahori for period VII Social Problems course, taught by Harry Bentley Wells at Manzanar High School. Haruye would like to be a bookkeeper eventually. She recounts the satisfaction in seeing results during her classes. However, war and subsequent forced evacuation create uncertainty for her. She tells that her parents believe the best place for a girl is with a husband and family. In spite of this, she wants to attend Junior College at Manzanar and continue her education, eventually getting a bookkeeping position. She wants to explore the single and free life, while traveling the United States and Europe before eventually settling down with a husband and a few children. She wonders what influence the war and its aftermath will have on her future as well. Transcription is found in item: ecm_wells_9019. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/36219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ecm_wells_0019</a>","extent":"14 pages, 10.5 x 8 inches, handwritten","links_children":"ddr-csujad-48-19","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Imahori, Haruye"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Eastern California Museum","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Manzanar, California","facility":[{"term":"Manzanar","id":"7"}],"creation":"2/26/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Imahori, Haruye author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-48-19-mezzanine-be7c5761e5-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-120","model":"entity","index":"19 2094/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-120/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-120/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-120-mezzanine-f9e3d48c58-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-120-mezzanine-f9e3d48c58-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Ayame Okine to Mr. and Mrs. Okine, January 15, 1946 [in Japanese]","description":"A letter from Ayame Okine in Chicago, Illinois, to her parents-in-law, Seiichi and Tomeyo Okine in Hawthorne, California. In the letter, Ayame describes her job in Chicago. She assists in making cameras and helps to light tobaccos. Her work starts at 8:00 AM and ends at 4:30 PM, including a 20-minute break two times. She earns 70 cents per hour. She also thanks her parents-in-law for their letters and financial support to her sister, who has bought a house. Ayame also writes about her husband, Masao Okine, in Japan and expects him to return to the United States in a half month. The handwritten notes on the back of the envelope read: Arrived on January 19, 1946 [in Japanese]. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/6764\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oki_01_48_001</a>","extent":"2 pages, 8 x 10 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-120","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Ayame May"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Industry and employment","id":"5"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Chicago, Illinois","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"}],"creation":"1/15/1946","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Ayame May author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-120-mezzanine-f9e3d48c58-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1008-2","model":"entity","index":"20 2095/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1008-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1008-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1008/denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1008/denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg"},"title":"George S. Matsui Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born March 1, 1915, in Los Angeles, California. Spent prewar childhood in Long Beach, California, but attended grade school and junior high in Japan. Returned to the United States to attend high school. In 1941, was drafted into the U.S. Army and sent to Camp Roberts, San Luis Obispo, California for basic training. Was among the first Japanese American draftees. When World War II broke out, was summarily discharged from the army, reclassified to an enlisted reserve unit, and sent to Santa Anita Assembly Center and then incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Within two months of being incarcerated, was recalled for duty in the Military Intelligence Service. Received Bronze Star for securing the surrender of Japanese military and nonmilitary personnel on the island of Saipan. Served with MacArthur's General Headquarters in Japan.<p>(Members of the National Japanese American Historical Society (NJAHS) arranged for and conducted this interview in conjunction with Densho.)","extent":"00:55:53","links_children":"ddr-densho-1008-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":51,"namepart":"George S. Matsui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Marvin Uratsu"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zr0q","namepart":"Matsui, George Shigeo"}],"contributor":"National Japanese American Historical Society Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 11, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George S. Matsui narrator \nMarvin Uratsu interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Matsui, George Shigeo 88922nr015zr0q","download_large":"denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-56","model":"entity","index":"21 2096/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-56/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-56/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview IV","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"02:39:54","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-56","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"September 23, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-100","model":"entity","index":"22 2097/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-100/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-100/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-uben-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-uben-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ben Uyeno Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born November 30, 1918, in Yakima, Washington. Spent two years of childhood in Japan. Returned to Seattle and became an active participant in Japanese American community life. Was attending the University of Washington when World War II started. Avoided incarceration with the help of the Friends (a Quaker organization), which hid him and helped him enroll in another university. He eventually entered medical school. Later he became a captain in the U.S. Army and served as a MASH doctor in Korea, where he was trained on one of the first kidney machines. Returned to Seattle and helped pioneer the first kidney dialysis program in the United States. Became the first Japanese American Chief of Staff at Providence Hospital in Seattle. Established a private practice that faithfully served the area's Japanese American community for thirty-two years. Helped establish and develop the Keiro nursing home (later operated as part of Nikkei Concerns).","extent":"01:55:31","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-100","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":101,"namepart":"Ben Uyeno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Dee Goto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"June 1, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ben Uyeno narrator \nDee Goto interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer","download_large":"denshovh-uben-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-261","model":"entity","index":"23 2098/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-261/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-261/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Sumida Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 10, 1925, in Chicago, Illinois. Grew up primarily in Los Angeles, California, where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Santa Anita assembly Center, California, where he participating in running an organized gambling operation. Moved briefly to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before being sent to Tule Lake, California, after signing the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" Transferred to the Santa Fe Department of Justice internment camp, New Mexico. Upon wishes of parents, renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan. Worked for the military government during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Eventually regained U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:22:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-261","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":415,"namepart":"Frank Sumida"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Takei"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0116q01","namepart":"Sumida, Frank Teruo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 23, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Sumida narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nBarbara Takei interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Sumida, Frank Teruo 88922nr0116q01","download_large":"denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-53","model":"entity","index":"24 2099/{'value': 2184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-53/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-53/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"01:59:00","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-53","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 26, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"United States","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}