{"total":163,"limit":25,"offset":125,"prev_offset":100,"next_offset":150,"page_size":25,"this_page":6,"num_this_page":25,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=U.S. Government&limit=25&offset=100","next_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=U.S. Government&limit=25&offset=150","objects":[{"id":"205","model":"narrator","index":"0 125/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/205/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/205/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kfred.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kfred.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/205/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fred Korematsu","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 30, 1919, in Oakland, California. Mr. Korematsu was working as a welder in San Francisco when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. After Executive Order 9066 was issued in 1942, he decided to resist the evacuation orders, and was not removed with his family. He was arrested in May of 1942, taken to jail, and eventually transferred to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, where his family was being held. He legally challenged the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, and his case made it to the U.S. Supreme Court, which upheld the order in 1944. Following World War II, Mr. Korematsu moved to Detroit, Michigan, where he married and raised a family before returning to California. In the early 1980s, his case was reopened after the discovery of a crucial document indicating that in the original 1944 case, the federal government had lied to the high court. The conviction was vacated by U.S. District Judge Marilyn Hall Patel in 1983, and in 1998, Mr. Korematsu was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom."},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-10","model":"entity","index":"1 126/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-10-mezzanine-6ef17bb41a-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-10-mezzanine-6ef17bb41a-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 22 No. 2","description":"Selected article titles: \"Justice Department Initiates Hearings for 3000 Persons Who Wish to Remain in U.S.\" (p. 1), \"Vandals Smash Glass in Store Owned by Nisei\" (p. 1), \"WRA Office Plans Survey of Resettled Evacuee Families\" (p. 1), \"Japanese American Issue Raised at Hawaii Hearing\" (p. 1), \"Order Relaxes Restrictions on Enemy Aliens\" (p. 1), \"Army Colonel Calls on Civic Leaders for Militant Activity to Prevent Anti-Evacuee Acts\" (p. 2), \"Reveal Army Trained Nisei for Military Intelligence Work Before Pearl Harbor\" (p. 2), \"Report 22,500 Nisei Served in U.S. Army\" (p. 3), \"Tule Lake Begins Year with Population of Seven Thousand\" (p. 3), \"Clarification by Alien Property Custodian Calms Fears of Issei on Seizure of Holdings\" (p. 3), \"Canada Government Proceeds With Plans for Deportation of Repatriates, Renunciants\" (p. 3), \"Few Japanese Americans \"Laid-off\" By Employers in Chicago, WRA Survey Finds\" (p. 6), \"Tule Aliens Will Receive New Hearings\" (p. 7), \"British Columbia Groups Protest Return of Evacuees\" (p. 8).","extent":"1447W x 2029H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-10","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"12-Jan-46","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-10-mezzanine-6ef17bb41a-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-56","model":"entity","index":"2 127/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-56/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-56/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview IV","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"02:39:54","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-56","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"September 23, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-04-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-53","model":"entity","index":"3 128/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-53/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-53/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"01:59:00","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-53","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 26, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-57","model":"entity","index":"4 129/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-57/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-57/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-05-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-05-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview V","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"03:05:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-57","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"October 14, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-05-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-55","model":"entity","index":"5 130/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-55/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-55/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview III","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"03:01:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-55","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"September 21, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-260","model":"entity","index":"6 131/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-260/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-260/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-scedrick-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-scedrick-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Cedrick M. Shimo Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born October 1, 1919, in Heber, California, in the Imperial Valley. Grew up in Boyle Heights. Received draft notice one day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and joined the Military Intelligence Service. After being denied furlough to visit his mother in Manzanar concentration camp, refused to serve overseas with his unit. Was placed in the 1800 Engineering Battalion, made up of Japanese, German and Italian Americans considered \"suspect\" by the U.S. government. After World War II, became the vice president of the export division for Honda, dedicating much of his time to promoting better trade relations between the U.S. and Japan.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:06:38","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-260","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":414,"namepart":"Cedrick M. Shimo"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Torrance, California","creation":"September 22, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Cedrick M. Shimo narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-scedrick-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-58","model":"entity","index":"7 132/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-58/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-58/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-06-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-06-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview VI","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"02:36:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-58","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"October 28, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-06-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-54","model":"entity","index":"8 133/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-54/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-54/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mhenry-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Henry Miyatake Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born April 28, 1929, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Had some key childhood experiences with discrimination that made him a self-described, \"independent thinker,\" and later, an influential figure in the Japanese American community. While a teenager in camp, he wrote and defended an essay criticizing the United States' treatment of racial minorities. His teacher refused to accept his paper, resulting in a failed grade and preventing him from graduating. Postwar, served in the U.S. Counterintelligence Corps, where he was privy to classified documents detailing the placement of spies in the incarceration camps. After leaving the military, he worked at the Boeing Company, where he fought against discriminatory workplace practices. He was also one of the earliest proponents of redress, doing the research, planning, and organizing for the \"Seattle plan,\" the first highly developed plan for obtaining redress from the U.S. government for the WWII incarceration of the Japanese American community.","extent":"01:41:27","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-54","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":59,"namepart":"Henry Miyatake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rx3r","namepart":"Miyatake, Jiro Henry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"May 4, 1998","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Henry Miyatake narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Miyatake, Jiro Henry 88922nr005rx3r","download_large":"denshovh-mhenry-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-5-82","model":"entity","index":"9 134/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-5-82/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-5-82/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-82-mezzanine-bcb9d5e268-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-5/ddr-csujad-5-82-mezzanine-bcb9d5e268-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Makoto Okine to Mr. Okine, June 28, 1945","description":"A letter from Makoto Okine in Lecce, Italy to his father, Seiichi Okine, in the Rohwer incarceration camp in Arkansas. It is mailed via New York by the US Army Postal Service. In the letter, Makoto assumes that not many people participate in the bonodori event in the camp this time because many of the young people left the camp either for work or being drafted. He also talks about the U.S. government recruitment of eligible Japanese American students and volunteers for M.I.S. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/6751\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oki_01_21_001</a>","extent":"4 pages, 7 x 5 inches, handwritten; 1 envelope","links_children":"ddr-csujad-5-82","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Okine, Makoto"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Festivals, celebrations, and holidays -- Obon","id":"305"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"Military service -- Enlisting and recruiting","id":"541"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"CSU Dominguez Hills Department of Archives and Special Collections","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Lecce, Italy","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"}],"creation":"6/28/1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Okine, Makoto author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-5-82-mezzanine-bcb9d5e268-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-493-8","model":"entity","index":"10 135/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-493-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-493-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg"},"title":"Kuni Itabashi passport","description":"Passport of Kuni Itabashi, \"Returning Emigrant,\" permitting her to pass from Japan to the U.S.A. Page 1 is entirely in Japanese, page 2 features a passport photo stamped by the Imperial Japanese Government and stamps reading \"SEEN at the American Consulate at Kobe, Japan, March 24, 1920\" \"U.S. Immigration Service SEATTLE, WASH. ADMITTED Date APR 15, 1920 S. S. Chicago Maru. Trent Doser Immigrant Inspector\" as well as two $1 fee stamps. Page 3 is a translation of the passport text, stamped by Viscount Yasuyo Uchida. Lists her name and the date of March 24, 1920, her domicile as Hiroshima-Ken and her relationship of wife to Buichiro Itabashi, as well as age, height, and distinctive fingerprint patterns.","extent":"7.75W x 10.25H (closed); 15.5W x 10.25G","links_children":"ddr-densho-493-8","creators":[{"role":"creator","namepart":"Imperial Japanese Government"}],"topics":[{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn","eng","fre"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015z80f \"Mary\"","namepart":"Itabashi, Kuni"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr014f286","namepart":"Itabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\""},{"namepart":"Uchida, Yasuya"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Kobe, Japan","creation":"March 24, 1920","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Imperial Japanese Government creator Itabashi, Kuni 88922nr015z80f \"Mary\"\nItabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\" 88922nr014f286\nUchida, Yasuya","download_large":"ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-65-155","model":"entity","index":"11 136/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-65-155/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-65-155/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-155-mezzanine-92a892a5d4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-155-mezzanine-92a892a5d4-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean Dispatch Vol. 4 No. 69 (February 9, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Army to Aid Mass Clearance: All Evacuees Over 17 Years Will Register\" (p. 1), \"P.T.A. Organization Meeting Wednesday\" (p. 1), \"Roosevelt's Photostatic Approval Letter Arrives\" (p. 1), \"What Thinking People Are Saying\" (p. 2), \"Overseas Combatants Are Given Thorough Training in Warfare\" (p. 2), \"Intellectual Leaders Must Guide Government at War\" (p. 2), \"While U.S. Learns Japanese, Nippon Shuts Out Western Air\" (p. 2), \"Military Gains Are Not Enough\" (p. 2), \"Pearl Buck Urges Speech Freedom\" (p. 2), \"\"Mud-Cake-Osis\" Kills Many Pigs at Project Hog Farm?\" (p. 3), \"Confiscated Coffee, Sugar to be Returned to Evacuees\" (p. 3), \"Toko Fujii Rejoins the Dispatch Staff\" (p. 3), \"16 Colonists Leave for Railroad Work\" (p. 3).","extent":"1276W x 2120H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-65-155","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Tulean Dispatch","id":"174"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Carrell, Evan"},{"namepart":"Sabatini, Attilio B."},{"namepart":"Tsukahara, Taro"},{"namepart":"Sullivan, Vincent"},{"namepart":"Wilder, Floyd"},{"namepart":"Roosevelt, Franklin D."},{"namepart":"Stimson, Henry L."},{"namepart":"Hull, Cordell"},{"namepart":"Patterson, Robert P."},{"namepart":"Murray, Nicholas"},{"namepart":"Sayre, Francis B."},{"namepart":"Buck, Pearl"},{"namepart":"Hirasawa, Lil"},{"namepart":"Kurahara, Jan"},{"namepart":"Kawai, G."},{"namepart":"Okamoto, T."},{"namepart":"Okada, Eugene"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Haru"},{"namepart":"Kato, Mas"},{"namepart":"Tomita, Nagao"},{"namepart":"Sasaki, Randy"},{"namepart":"Nagatani"},{"namepart":"Kasubuchi, Ben"},{"namepart":"Kawasaki, Corky"},{"namepart":"Fukuyama, John"},{"namepart":"Nishijima, Florence"},{"namepart":"Hoshi, Nora"},{"namepart":"Sato, Sugar"},{"namepart":"Kageyama, Charlee"},{"namepart":"Watanabe, Terry"},{"namepart":"Nakatogawa, May"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Masami"},{"namepart":"Warren, Scott"},{"namepart":"Fujii, Toko"},{"namepart":"Mosebar"},{"namepart":"Fujimoto, Hideko"},{"namepart":"Noda"},{"namepart":"Tanaka, Pete"},{"namepart":"Hamatsuke, Eddie"},{"namepart":"Nakano, Lawrence"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Tom"},{"namepart":"Ogawa, Futami"},{"namepart":"Kiyono, Kazue"},{"namepart":"Oyanagi, Waichi"},{"namepart":"Inouye, William"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Teruo"},{"namepart":"Ishimoto, Kazuo Bill"},{"namepart":"Doi, Masayuki"},{"namepart":"Washino, Sumi"},{"namepart":"Keikoan, Bubbles"},{"namepart":"Ogata, Terry"},{"namepart":"Hiyama, Franklin"},{"namepart":"Yoshimura, John"},{"namepart":"Kaneko, Roy"},{"namepart":"Takahashi"},{"namepart":"Seteo, J."},{"namepart":"Hiyama"},{"namepart":"Yoshimura"},{"namepart":"Hada"},{"namepart":"Tomita"},{"namepart":"Kaneko, H."},{"namepart":"Nakahara"},{"namepart":"Kaneko, R."},{"namepart":"Seto, M."},{"namepart":"Fujii"},{"namepart":"Matsumura"},{"namepart":"Enomoto"},{"namepart":"Mochizuki"},{"namepart":"Tsutsui, Tak"},{"namepart":"Oshita, Sloppy"},{"namepart":"Watanabe"},{"namepart":"Irokawa"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa"},{"namepart":"Kagawa"},{"namepart":"Morimoto"},{"namepart":"Nishihara"},{"namepart":"Oshita, S."},{"namepart":"Oshita, J."},{"namepart":"Tsuchiya"},{"namepart":"Hara"},{"namepart":"Nagazawa"},{"namepart":"Akahoshi"},{"namepart":"Enjoji"},{"namepart":"Fukuhara"},{"namepart":"Yoshizuka"},{"namepart":"Terada"},{"namepart":"Murakami"},{"namepart":"Matsuoka"},{"namepart":"Morita"},{"namepart":"Inoue"},{"namepart":"Uyeda"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Tule Lake concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"February 9, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Carrell, Evan \nSabatini, Attilio B. \nTsukahara, Taro \nSullivan, Vincent \nWilder, Floyd \nRoosevelt, Franklin D. \nStimson, Henry L. \nHull, Cordell \nPatterson, Robert P. \nMurray, Nicholas \nSayre, Francis B. \nBuck, Pearl \nHirasawa, Lil \nKurahara, Jan \nKawai, G. \nOkamoto, T. \nOkada, Eugene \nOgawa, Haru \nKato, Mas \nTomita, Nagao \nSasaki, Randy \nNagatani \nKasubuchi, Ben \nKawasaki, Corky \nFukuyama, John \nNishijima, Florence \nHoshi, Nora \nSato, Sugar \nKageyama, Charlee \nWatanabe, Terry \nNakatogawa, May \nHayashi, Masami \nWarren, Scott \nFujii, Toko \nMosebar \nFujimoto, Hideko \nNoda \nTanaka, Pete \nHamatsuke, Eddie \nNakano, Lawrence \nHayashi, Tom \nOgawa, Futami \nKiyono, Kazue \nOyanagi, Waichi \nInouye, William \nHayashi, Teruo \nIshimoto, Kazuo Bill \nDoi, Masayuki \nWashino, Sumi \nKeikoan, Bubbles \nOgata, Terry \nHiyama, Franklin \nYoshimura, John \nKaneko, Roy \nTakahashi \nSeteo, J. \nHiyama \nYoshimura \nHada \nTomita \nKaneko, H. \nNakahara \nKaneko, R. \nSeto, M. \nFujii \nMatsumura \nEnomoto \nMochizuki \nTsutsui, Tak \nOshita, Sloppy \nWatanabe \nIrokawa \nHosokawa \nKagawa \nMorimoto \nNishihara \nOshita, S. \nOshita, J. \nTsuchiya \nHara \nNagazawa \nAkahoshi \nEnjoji \nFukuhara \nYoshizuka \nTerada \nMurakami \nMatsuoka \nMorita \nInoue \nUyeda","download_large":"ddr-densho-65-155-mezzanine-92a892a5d4-a.jpg"},{"id":"209","model":"narrator","index":"12 137/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/209/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/209/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hhideo.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hhideo.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/209/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hideo Hoshide","bio":"Nisei male. Born September 25, 1917, in Tacoma, Washington. Grew up in Tacoma except for living in Japan for several years at age four. Attended the University of Washington in Seattle, majoring in Political Science, Far Eastern Studies, with a minor in journalism. Prior to World War II, worked as sports editor for community newspaper, The Japanese American Courier. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed along with wife to Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Had a daughter in Tule Lake, and then moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Recruited to work for the U.S. Army's Office of Strategic Services (OSS), was drafted, and trained in India. After the end of the war, was sent to Hiroshima, Japan, to conduct a U.S. government survey studying the effects of the atomic bomb on Japanese citizens. Returned to Seattle in 1946 and was the associate editor for another community newspaper, The Northwest Times. Worked for the Boeing Company postwar while raising a family. Was a founding member of the Seattle Nisei Veterans Committee, working on the group's newsletter for thirty years."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-316","model":"entity","index":"13 138/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-316/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-316/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mramsay-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mramsay-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ramsay Yosuke Mori Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born February 23, 1933, in Tokyo, Japan. Moved with parents to Hawaii at a young age, and grew up in Honolulu, where family held a prominent position in the community. Just prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor, parents received a phone call from Japan, which was tapped by the FBI. The U.S. government misconstrued the conversation, and on December 7, 1941, they were picked up by the FBI and taken to Sand Island internment camp, Hawaii, and Crystal City internment camp, Texas. Mr. Mori was eight years old at the time, and spent the duration of World War II without his parents. After the war, served in the U.S. military and eventually established a career in the airline industry.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:08:03","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-316","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":546,"namepart":"Ramsay Yosuke Mori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Kelli Nakamura"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Hawai'i","id":"277"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Honoulu, Hawaii","facility":[{"term":"Crystal City","id":"29"}],"creation":"February 28, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ramsay Yosuke Mori narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nKelli Nakamura interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-mramsay-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-17","model":"entity","index":"14 139/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-uatami-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-uatami-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Atami Ueno Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born March 27, 1927, in Ola'a, Hawaii. Grew up in Ola'a until family moved to Hawaii just before World War II. Attended high school and college during in Japan and then had to work a factory to support the war effort. Witnessed the atomic bombing of Nagasaki. Worked for the military government in Japan, then eventually moved to Portland, Oregon, and worked for the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:05:11","links_children":"ddr-one-7-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":686,"namepart":"Atami Ueno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Stephan Gilchrist"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tim Rooney"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","creation":"May 1, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Atami Ueno narrator \nStephan Gilchrist interviewer \nTim Rooney videographer","download_large":"denshovh-uatami-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-263","model":"entity","index":"15 140/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-263/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-263/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsujiro-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ntetsujiro-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tetsujiro \"Tex\" Nakamura Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born July 16, 1917, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in Sacramento, and graduated from UC Berkeley in 1939. During World War II, was removed to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Voluntarily stayed in Tule Lake after it was designated a Segregation Center, and worked in the legal aid office. Assisted attorney Wayne Collins in filing cases to restore the U.S. citizenship of Nisei who had renounced their citizenship under government duress.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:44:09","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-263","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":417,"namepart":"Tetsujiro \"Tex\" Nakamura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Takei"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010nw4j","namepart":"Nakamura, Tetsujiro"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 23, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsujiro \"Tex\" Nakamura narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nBarbara Takei interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Nakamura, Tetsujiro 88922nr010nw4j","download_large":"denshovh-ntetsujiro-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-184","model":"entity","index":"16 141/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-184/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-184/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hhideo-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hhideo-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Hideo Hoshide Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born September 25, 1917, in Tacoma, Washington. Grew up in Tacoma except for living in Japan for several years at age four. Attended the University of Washington in Seattle, majoring in Political Science, Far Eastern Studies, with a minor in journalism. Prior to World War II, worked as sports editor for community newspaper, The Japanese American Courier. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed along with wife to Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Had a daughter in Tule Lake, and then moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Recruited to work for the U.S. Army's Office of Strategic Services (OSS), was drafted, and trained in India. After the end of the war, was sent to Hiroshima, Japan, to conduct a U.S. government survey studying the effects of the atomic bomb on Japanese citizens. Returned to Seattle in 1946 and was the associate editor for another community newspaper, The Northwest Times. Worked for the Boeing Company postwar while raising a family. Was a founding member of the Seattle Nisei Veterans Committee, working on the group's newsletter for thirty years.","extent":"05:04:07","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-184","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":209,"namepart":"Hideo Hoshide"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014cb22","namepart":"Hoshide, Hideo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"January 26 & 27, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hideo Hoshide narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Hoshide, Hideo 88922nr014cb22","download_large":"denshovh-hhideo-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-185","model":"entity","index":"17 142/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-185/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-185/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hhideo-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hhideo-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Hideo Hoshide Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born September 25, 1917, in Tacoma, Washington. Grew up in Tacoma except for living in Japan for several years at age four. Attended the University of Washington in Seattle, majoring in Political Science, Far Eastern Studies, with a minor in journalism. Prior to World War II, worked as sports editor for community newspaper, The Japanese American Courier. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed along with wife to Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and then Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Had a daughter in Tule Lake, and then moved to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Recruited to work for the U.S. Army's Office of Strategic Services (OSS), was drafted, and trained in India. After the end of the war, was sent to Hiroshima, Japan, to conduct a U.S. government survey studying the effects of the atomic bomb on Japanese citizens. Returned to Seattle in 1946 and was the associate editor for another community newspaper, The Northwest Times. Worked for the Boeing Company postwar while raising a family. Was a founding member of the Seattle Nisei Veterans Committee, working on the group's newsletter for thirty years.","extent":"04:24:23","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-185","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":209,"namepart":"Hideo Hoshide"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014cb22","namepart":"Hoshide, Hideo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"February 1 & 2, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hideo Hoshide narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Hoshide, Hideo 88922nr014cb22","download_large":"denshovh-hhideo-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-4","model":"entity","index":"18 143/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-4-mezzanine-c0d46e1ff3-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-4-mezzanine-c0d46e1ff3-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 21 No. 23","description":"Selected article titles: \"Chicago Nisei Lieutenant Finds Mother, Brother Alive in Atom-Bombed City of Hiroshima\" (p. 1), \"New Escheat Case Filed by State in Fresno County\" (p. 1), \"Japan Occupation Ineffective Without Nisei GIs, Says Moore\" (p. 1), \"Aged Evacuee Hangs Self at Tule Lake Center\" (p. 1), \"Anti-Nisei Boycott Dropped By Los Angeles Market Union\" (p. 1), \"Child Found Murdered at Tule Lake Camp\" (p. 1), \"Women Fined for Assault On Issei Man\" (p. 1), \"Transport Sails With Evacuees For Hawaii\" (p. 2), \"Repatriates Permitted to Take Securities Back to Japan\" (p. 2), \"Minor Age Deportees Will Be Permitted to Return to U.S.\" (p. 3), \"Canadian Government Plans To Deport Alien Repatriates, Review Cases of Citizens\" (p. 3), \"Navy Barracks Provide Housing For Evacuee Group\" (p. 3), \"Saskatchewan Will Take Share of Canadian Evacuees\" (p. 3).","extent":"1435W x 2035H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-4","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"8-Dec-45","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-4-mezzanine-c0d46e1ff3-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-493-15","model":"entity","index":"19 144/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-493-15/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-493-15/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-15-mezzanine-0a3d281349-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-15-mezzanine-0a3d281349-a.jpg"},"title":"JACL Oath of Allegiance","description":"Oath of allegiance to the United States signed by Tomio Itabashi, of the Valley Civic League chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League. Text reads: \"Text reads: \"I, the undersigned, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States of America against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear rue faith and allegiance to the same; that I do hereby forswear and repudiate any other allegiance which I knowingly or unknowingly may have held heretofore; and that I take these obligations freely, without any mental reservation whatsoever or purpose of evasion. So help me God.\" Second page is affidavit, also signed by Tomio Itabashi, containing slightly more detailed language explicitly condemning the \"infamous machinations of the government of Japan\" and pledging allegiance to the U.S. Constitution. Both notarized by V. A. Crosby.","extent":"page 1: 8.5W x 11H; page 2: 8.5W x 14H","links_children":"ddr-densho-493-15","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"World War II -- Japanese American Citizens League activities","id":"400"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr003dg1g","namepart":"Itabashi, Tomio"},{"namepart":"Crosby, V.A."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Auburn, Washington","creation":"April 6, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Itabashi, Tomio 88922nr003dg1g\nCrosby, V.A.","download_large":"ddr-densho-493-15-mezzanine-0a3d281349-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122-12","model":"entity","index":"20 145/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122-12/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122-12/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ajim-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/denshovh-ajim-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Akutsu Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born 1920 in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Resisted draft, with the rationale that the U.S. government had classified him 4-C, an enemy alien, and he was therefore under no obligation to serve. Imprisoned at McNeil Island Penitentiary, Washington. Vocal critic of JACL. Resettled in Seattle, Washington. Thought by some to be the model for the main character in John Okada's <i>No-No Boy</i>. Mr. Akutsu died in 1998.<p>(This interview was conducted by filmmaker Frank Abe for his 2000 documentary, <i>Conscience and the Constitution</i>, about the World War II resisters of conscience at the Heart Mountain incarceration camp. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"00:43:33","links_children":"ddr-densho-122-12","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":2,"namepart":"Jim Akutsu"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Abe"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Frank Chin"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Frank Abe Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"August 28, 1993","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Akutsu narrator \nFrank Abe interviewer \nFrank Chin interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-ajim-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-181","model":"entity","index":"21 146/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-181/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-181/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kfred_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kfred_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Fred Korematsu - Kathryn Korematsu Interview","description":"This interview centers on the experiences of Fred Korematsu, a Nisei born January 30, 1919, in Oakland, California. Mr. Korematsu was working as a welder in San Francisco when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. After Executive Order 9066 was issued in 1942, he decided to resist the evacuation orders, and was not removed with his family. He was arrested in May of 1942, taken to jail, and eventually transferred to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, where his family was being held. He legally challenged the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, and his case made it to the U.S. Supreme Court, which upheld the order in 1944. Following World War II, Mr. Korematsu moved to Detroit, Michigan, where he married and raised a family before returning to California. In the early 1980s, his case was reopened after the discovery of a crucial document indicating that in the original 1944 case, the federal government had lied to the high court. The conviction was vacated by U.S. District Judge Marilyn Hall Patel in 1983, and in 1998, Mr. Korematsu was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.<p>(Due to technical difficulties and conditions at the time of taping, there is loud background noise in this interview.)","extent":"01:21:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-181","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":205,"namepart":"Fred Korematsu"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":206,"namepart":"Kathryn Korematsu"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tetsuden Kashima"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr008bb3x","namepart":"Korematsu, Fred Toyosaburo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 14, 1996","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Korematsu narrator \nKathryn Korematsu narrator \nLorraine Bannai interviewer \nTetsuden Kashima interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Korematsu, Fred Toyosaburo 88922nr008bb3x","download_large":"denshovh-kfred_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-278","model":"entity","index":"22 147/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-278/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-278/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yharry-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-yharry-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Harry K. Yoshikawa Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born June 26, 1922, in Montebello, California. Grew up in California, spending a short time in Japan prior to World War II. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, moved to Denver, Colorado, during the \"voluntary evacuation\" period designated by the U.S. government. Arrested after refusing to report for military service after being drafted. Tried and served two years at the Santa Catalina prison camp for draft resistance. After release, eventually returned to Los Angeles, California.<p>(Due to technical difficulties during the taping of this interview, the interviewer's voice is considerably louder than the narrator's. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:26:15","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-278","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":481,"namepart":"Harry K. Yoshikawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"April 14, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Harry K. Yoshikawa narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-yharry-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-379","model":"collection","index":"23 148/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-379/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-379/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg"},"title":"Sumida Family Collection","description":"The Sumida Family Collection contains material about Chimata and Masako Murakami Sumida and their six children, Alice Yuriko Endo, Grace Rayko Nagai, Emmy Ito, Marshall Masaru Sumida, Theodore Tetsuro Sumida, Marjorie Yohko Matsumoto, and their families. Before World War II, Chimata Sumida owned a music store located in Los Angeles’ Japanese Town that sold music, instruments, radios, and other small electronics. After 3 FBI interrogations, Chimata and his worker, Yoshio Takashima, were arrested on January 16, 1942, detained at the Los Angeles County Jail, transferred to Tuna Canyon Detention Station, and interned at the Fort Missoula Alien Detention Center.<br>\r\n\r\nThe collection begins with a series of letters between Chimata Sumida written during his internment in the Fort Missoula Alien Detention Center to and from his wife and children. These censored letters describe the harsh conditions and social atmosphere at Ft. Missoula and chaotic life in Los Angeles preparing for the upcoming Executive 9066 evacuation and its consequences. An important portion of this collection are copies of documents contained in Chimata Sumida’s U.S. Department of Justice file obtained from the U.S. Archives. Contained in this file are Chimata’s testimony during his Alien Enemy Hearing Board, the docketed Department of Justice Alien Enemy Hearing Board Report with its split 2-1 decision recommendation in favor of internment, the Memorandum to the Chief of the Review Division recommending parole, and the final Order signed by Attorney General Biddle granting parole under the conditions and restrictions indicated in the document.<br>\r\n\r\nAfter Chimata Sumida’s transfer to Rohwer Relocation Center, he soon became a prominent Issei leader of the camp. He met 6 days a week with more than 600 Issei nightly who listened to his translation of American News into Japanese. He served as a committeeman on the Resettlement Advisory Board and was chairman of the Resettlement Committee organized by the Community Council. In addition, he collaborated with two other Issei, T. Takashima and S. Muraoka, to submit a proposal to various U.S. government agencies to establish cooperative colonies in rural areas of the United States suitable for farming to relocate 13,000 settlers from various WRA relocation camps. This plan was ultimately rejected by Dillon Myer, Director of the War Relocation Authority.<br>\r\n\r\nAfter leaving Rohwer Relocation Camp in 1945, Chimata and Masako Sumida resettled in Washington, D.C. with their children and grandchildren. Most of the Sumida family eventually moved back to the west coast. However, the Endos remained in the Washington, D.C. area and remained active in the community. They participated in many civil rights events including the 1963 March on Washington.","links_children":"ddr-densho-379","language":["eng","jpn"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-379-734-mezzanine-d569eaec62-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-8","model":"entity","index":"24 149/{'value': 163, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-8-mezzanine-12917362af-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-8-mezzanine-12917362af-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 8 (February 22, 1957)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Deadline seen for claims compromise: Dec. 31, 1958 target date planned as government confers with attorneys\" (p. 1); \"Anti-Nisei Film on TV Protested by C.L. Offical\" (p. 1); I&NS extends alien pre-exam method for status change\" (p.1); U.S. admits 5,200 from Japan in 1956, mostly as GI brides\" (p. 2); Civil rights legislation urged by JACL as 'most effective, expeditious method to dicourage, minimize' bias violation\" (p. 3); Colorado senate in unanimous approval for extending FEPC to private business\" (p. 3); \"Southwest L.A. chapter of service to community protesting rezoning pleas\" (p. 4); Dr. Frank Sakamoto elected chairman of Chicago JACL board\" (p. 5); \"Roster of Tournament Teams\" (p. 6); \"Governement to appeal rule allowing prewar rate on yen deposit; recommendation by independent examiner asks 23.4c per yen\" (p. 8); Adminisrative Policies by Gov't Charged as Part of Program Delay\" (p. 8); \"Univ. of Colo. regent resigns for post with CUNA; led fight against campus bias\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-8","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics","id":"235"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics -- Running for office","id":"239"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California -- Los Angeles","id":"272"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Colorado","id":"275"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Illinois -- Chicago","id":"279"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Stereotypes","id":"161"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC)","id":"392"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Mobilizing and organizing the community","id":"111"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"02/22/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-8-mezzanine-12917362af-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"U.S. Government","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}