(Members of the National Japanese American Historical Society (NJAHS) arranged for and conducted this interview in conjunction with Densho.)","extent":"00:55:53","links_children":"ddr-densho-1008-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":51,"namepart":"George S. Matsui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Marvin Uratsu"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zr0q","namepart":"Matsui, George Shigeo"}],"contributor":"National Japanese American Historical Society Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 11, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George S. Matsui narrator \nMarvin Uratsu interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Matsui, George Shigeo 88922nr015zr0q","download_large":"denshovh-mgeorge-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-261","model":"entity","index":"10 460/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-261/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-261/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Sumida Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 10, 1925, in Chicago, Illinois. Grew up primarily in Los Angeles, California, where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Santa Anita assembly Center, California, where he participating in running an organized gambling operation. Moved briefly to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before being sent to Tule Lake, California, after signing the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" Transferred to the Santa Fe Department of Justice internment camp, New Mexico. Upon wishes of parents, renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan. Worked for the military government during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Eventually regained U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:22:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-261","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":415,"namepart":"Frank Sumida"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Takei"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0116q01","namepart":"Sumida, Frank Teruo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 23, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Sumida narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nBarbara Takei interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Sumida, Frank Teruo 88922nr0116q01","download_large":"denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-5","model":"entity","index":"11 461/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Hirabayashi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born October 30, 1926, in small town of Thomas, Washington, on family farm. Attended school in Auburn, Washington, before being removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Idaho, and was subsequently joined by family. Postwar, became a social anthropologist, and later became only the second Nisei to teach at San Francisco State University. Instrumental in the struggle to establish the field of Ethnic Studies. Brother of Gordon Hirabayashi, who defied the curfew and removal orders in 1942, and was arrested, convicted, and imprisoned. Gordon Hirabayashi's conviction was vacated in 1986.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:33:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":140,"namepart":"Jim Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014b913","namepart":"Hirabayashi, Akira James"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 2, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Hirabayashi narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Hirabayashi, Akira James 88922nr014b913","download_large":"denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"574","model":"narrator","index":"12 462/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/574/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/574/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/umiyo.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/umiyo.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/574/interviews/"},"display_name":"Miyo Minnie Uratsu","bio":"Nisei female. Born May 25, 1929, in Newcastle, California. Grew up in Newcastle, where parents ran a ranch. During World War II, was removed to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. During the segregation period, transferred to the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. After leaving camp, lived in Idaho and Utah before eventually returning to family's property in Newcastle."},{"id":"1078","model":"narrator","index":"13 463/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1078/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1078/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-27_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-27_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1078/interviews/"},"display_name":"Darlene Mukoda","bio":"Sansei female. Born May 27, 1938, in Loomis, California. At the age of four, removed with family to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and the Amache concentration camp, Colorado. Family left camp in 1944 to live and work at Seabrook Farms, New Jersey. Attended nursing school in New Jersey, worked as a nurse, and raised a family."},{"id":"14","model":"narrator","index":"14 464/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/14/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/14/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hmitsuko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hmitsuko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/14/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsuko Hashiguchi","bio":"Nisei female. Born January 25, 1921, in Bellevue, Washington. Raised on a Bellevue farm, married and had a child before being incarcerated at the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. In her interview, she discusses the Japanese American community in Bellevue before and after World War II."},{"id":"801","model":"narrator","index":"15 465/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/801/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/801/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/droy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/droy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/801/interviews/"},"display_name":"Roy Doi","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 26, 1933, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento where father was a migrant farm laborer. During World War II, removed to the Marysville Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Transferred with family to the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Returned to California after the war."},{"id":"768","model":"narrator","index":"16 466/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/768/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/768/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ttaylor.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ttaylor.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/768/interviews/"},"display_name":"Taylor Tomita","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 17, 1922, in Odell, Oregon. Grew up in Odell, where parent ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Transferred to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Served in the military before returning to the Hood River area."},{"id":"90","model":"narrator","index":"17 467/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/90/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/90/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tpeggy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tpeggy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/90/interviews/"},"display_name":"Peggy Tanemura","bio":"Ni-ten-gosei (half Nisei, half Sansei) female. Born June 3, 1932, in Seattle, Washington. Incarcerated at the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington; Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho; and Tule Lake segregation center, California. Returned to Seattle after the war and stayed temporarily at the Seattle Japanese Language School."},{"id":"333","model":"narrator","index":"18 468/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/333/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/333/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yemi.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yemi.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/333/interviews/"},"display_name":"Emi Yamamoto","bio":"Nisei female. Born October 3, 1919, in Fresno, California. Grew up in Watsonville, California, helping on family's strawberry farm. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Salinas Assembly Center and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After World War II, returned to Watsonville."},{"id":"729","model":"narrator","index":"19 469/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/729/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/729/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/skay_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/skay_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/729/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kay Shimada","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 1, 1924, in Clarksburg, California. Grew up in Clarksburg, where parents ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Served in the military during the war. Returned to the Sacramento area and reestablished farming business."},{"id":"1002","model":"narrator","index":"20 470/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1002/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1002/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-508_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-508_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1002/interviews/"},"display_name":"Takae Tanino Walts","bio":"Nisei female. Born August 4, 1930, in Bellevue, Washington. Grew up in Bellevue, where parents ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to Seattle, Washington, and eventually established a career as a flight attendant."},{"id":"178","model":"narrator","index":"21 471/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/178/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/178/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/atom.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/atom.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/178/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tom Akashi","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 7, 1929, in Merced, California. Grew up in Mount Eden, California, and was removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Incarcerated at the Topaz concentration camp in Utah, then moved to Tule Lake concentration camp after family volunteered to move to Japan. While at Tule Lake, joined a pro-Japan organization created by father, the Sokoku Kenkyu Seinen Dan, (Young Men's Association for the Study of the Motherland). Renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan with parents and siblings in 1945. Lived and worked in Japan until 1948, when returned to the United States. Author of Betrayed Trust: The Story of a Deported Issei and His American-Born Family During WWII, published in 2004."},{"id":"796","model":"narrator","index":"22 472/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/796/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/796/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-426_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-426_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/796/interviews/"},"display_name":"Clara S. Hattori","bio":"Nisei female. Born May 21, 1919, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in the Loomis area of California, where parents ran a farm and fruit orchard. Just prior to World War II, worked in the Japanese Pavilion at the San Francisco World's Fair of 1939-1940. During World War II, removed to the Marysville Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp and lived in Spokane and Moses Lake, Washington, after the war."},{"id":"781","model":"narrator","index":"23 473/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/781/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/781/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nmary_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nmary_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/781/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mary Haruka Nakamura","bio":"Nisei female. Born March 21, 1924, in O'Brien, Washington. Grew up in the Auburn/Kent area of Washington, where parents ran a farm and then a grocery store. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, settled in Ontario, Oregon."},{"id":"860","model":"narrator","index":"24 474/{'value': 574, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/860/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/860/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/860/interviews/"},"display_name":"Eiko Yamaichi","bio":"Nisei female. Born October 25, 1924, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Snoqualmie, Washington, where father worked for the Weyerhaeuser company before the war. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Later transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, and the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, worked in domestic service in California."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Tule Lake concentration camp","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}