(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:09:30","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-397","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":646,"namepart":"Larry R. Pacheco"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"March 20, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Larry R. Pacheco narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-plarry-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-356-235","model":"entity","index":"3 2103/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-356-235/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-356-235/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-235-mezzanine-29d2dc9354-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-356/ddr-densho-356-235-mezzanine-29d2dc9354-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter to Yuri Domoto from Yoshito Shibata","description":"Letter to Yuriko Domoto Tsukada from Yoshito Shibata in which he comforts Yuri on her misbehaving typewriter by sharing a Reader's Digest story, and his own typewriter's faults. He continues by discussing Yuri's sister's (Wakako Domoto) relocation to Denver, his recent skiing trip, the rash of promotions at Camp Savage, a prank by the mailroom staff, a recent send off party at a local restaurant, answers to questions about his smoking habit, information about his own family in Tule Lake, competition on finishing his own degree, a complement to Yuri's letter writing skills, and details about the inability to write letters once sent off for deployment.","extent":"envelope: 7.5W x 3.875H; letter: 7.25W x 10.75H","links_children":"ddr-densho-356-235","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Shibata, Yoshito"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Military service -- Military Intelligence Service","id":"91"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Shibata, Yoshito"},{"namepart":"Tsukada, Yuriko (Domoto)"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Savage, Minnesota","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"},{"term":"Granada (Amache)","id":"4"}],"creation":"1/15/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Shibata, Yoshito author Shibata, Yoshito \nTsukada, Yuriko (Domoto)","download_large":"ddr-densho-356-235-mezzanine-29d2dc9354-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-65-121","model":"entity","index":"4 2104/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-65-121/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-65-121/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-121-mezzanine-34dc4f68b9-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-65/ddr-densho-65-121-mezzanine-34dc4f68b9-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean Dispatch Vol. IV No. 33 (December 21, 1942)","description":"Selected article titles: \"5140 Join Cooperatives\" (p. 1), \"Lumber Stackers Ask Apron Return\" (p. 1), \"Will Create Fund To Aid Students\" (p. 1), \"Wanted: 2 P.E. Girl Teachers\" (p. 1), \"Health Department Says Diseases, Cold Increasing\" (p. 1), \"More Ideal Gifts On Display; #3001\" (p. 1), \"Coop Ask Resident Cooperation on Clothing Allowance Checks\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake Will Have Gym Auditorium Seating 1500: Construction Has Started\" (p. 2), \"Shirrell to Leave December 27 For Position of Evacuee Employment Head\" (p. 3), \"Report Clothing Sales Authorized\" (p. 3), \"Appointments for Beauty Shop Filled\" (p. 3), \"No More New Leave Applications Issued Until Further Notice\" (p. 3).","extent":"1288W x 2124H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-65-121","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Tulean Dispatch","id":"174"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Mayeda, Harry"},{"namepart":"Fleming, Paul"},{"namepart":"McKay, Jeanne"},{"namepart":"Van Buskirk, Garnet"},{"namepart":"Yasui, Tatsumi"},{"namepart":"Jacoby, Harold"},{"namepart":"Ishimoto, Robert Shigeru"},{"namepart":"Endo, Anna"},{"namepart":"Tokuno, Alice"},{"namepart":"Jinbo, Kay"},{"namepart":"Watamura, Florence"},{"namepart":"Tamiyasu, Sue"},{"namepart":"Suzuki, Tsuyako"},{"namepart":"Himoto, Bernice"},{"namepart":"Yamamoto, Grace"},{"namepart":"Suguro, Aiko"},{"namepart":"Mayeda, Bryan"},{"namepart":"Hirata, M"},{"namepart":"Katsuyama, Harry"},{"namepart":"Matsumura, Paul"},{"namepart":"Shirrell, Elmer L"},{"namepart":"Ichimura, Henry"},{"namepart":"Imai, Richard"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Yoriko"},{"namepart":"Hashimoto, Jimmy"},{"namepart":"Yoshiyama, M"},{"namepart":"Tanaka, Y"},{"namepart":"Matsunaga, S"},{"namepart":"Kubota, Jack"},{"namepart":"Huyke, Loren"},{"namepart":"Murakami, Hatsumi"},{"namepart":"Junjiro, Takaki"},{"namepart":"Okumura, May"},{"namepart":"Nakano, M"},{"namepart":"Okara, George"},{"namepart":"Fukaye, Lillian"},{"namepart":"Tonamura, Tsutomi"},{"namepart":"Hasebe, T"},{"namepart":"Odoni, Haruko H"},{"namepart":"Shimotori, Minao"},{"namepart":"Shimotori, Ayako"},{"namepart":"Tanizawa, Milton"},{"namepart":"Tanizawa, John"},{"namepart":"Okumura, Jack"},{"namepart":"Harada, Haruto"},{"namepart":"Tamiyasu, Mick"},{"namepart":"Matsumoto, Yorimi"},{"namepart":"Yoshikawa, Ed"},{"namepart":"Homma, Takao"},{"namepart":"Sugiyama, Andy"},{"namepart":"Tomita, Bob"},{"namepart":"Yoshimura, Shig"},{"namepart":"Honda, Masahiro"},{"namepart":"Kushida, Akira"},{"namepart":"Morikawa, Jim"},{"namepart":"Sumida, Tots"},{"namepart":"Fujimoto, Yoshio"},{"namepart":"Uchihara, George"},{"namepart":"Hayashida, Bob"},{"namepart":"Horio, Frank"},{"namepart":"Tsukiji, Ted"},{"namepart":"Nishiyama, Tomi"},{"namepart":"Fukumori, Tar"},{"namepart":"Yonehiro, Earl"},{"namepart":"Yasui, Norman"},{"namepart":"Sasaki, Tak"},{"namepart":"Ichikawa, James"},{"namepart":"Kagiyama, Andy"},{"namepart":"Taketa, James"},{"namepart":"Yada, Joe"},{"namepart":"Ono, T"},{"namepart":"Kono, N"},{"namepart":"Mano, G"},{"namepart":"Hamatani, O"},{"namepart":"Noda, A"},{"namepart":"Watanabe, B"},{"namepart":"Tokuyoshi, K"},{"namepart":"Ogata, M"},{"namepart":"Miura, A"},{"namepart":"Iwata, R"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, T"},{"namepart":"Hamamoto, H"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Tule Lake concentration camp, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"December 21, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mayeda, Harry \nFleming, Paul \nMcKay, Jeanne \nVan Buskirk, Garnet \nYasui, Tatsumi \nJacoby, Harold \nIshimoto, Robert Shigeru \nEndo, Anna \nTokuno, Alice \nJinbo, Kay \nWatamura, Florence \nTamiyasu, Sue \nSuzuki, Tsuyako \nHimoto, Bernice \nYamamoto, Grace \nSuguro, Aiko \nMayeda, Bryan \nHirata, M \nKatsuyama, Harry \nMatsumura, Paul \nShirrell, Elmer L \nIchimura, Henry \nImai, Richard \nHosokawa, Yoriko \nHashimoto, Jimmy \nYoshiyama, M \nTanaka, Y \nMatsunaga, S \nKubota, Jack \nHuyke, Loren \nMurakami, Hatsumi \nJunjiro, Takaki \nOkumura, May \nNakano, M \nOkara, George \nFukaye, Lillian \nTonamura, Tsutomi \nHasebe, T \nOdoni, Haruko H \nShimotori, Minao \nShimotori, Ayako \nTanizawa, Milton \nTanizawa, John \nOkumura, Jack \nHarada, Haruto \nTamiyasu, Mick \nMatsumoto, Yorimi \nYoshikawa, Ed \nHomma, Takao \nSugiyama, Andy \nTomita, Bob \nYoshimura, Shig \nHonda, Masahiro \nKushida, Akira \nMorikawa, Jim \nSumida, Tots \nFujimoto, Yoshio \nUchihara, George \nHayashida, Bob \nHorio, Frank \nTsukiji, Ted \nNishiyama, Tomi \nFukumori, Tar \nYonehiro, Earl \nYasui, Norman \nSasaki, Tak \nIchikawa, James \nKagiyama, Andy \nTaketa, James \nYada, Joe \nOno, T \nKono, N \nMano, G \nHamatani, O \nNoda, A \nWatanabe, B \nTokuyoshi, K \nOgata, M \nMiura, A \nIwata, R \nHosokawa, T \nHamamoto, H","download_large":"ddr-densho-65-121-mezzanine-34dc4f68b9-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-9","model":"entity","index":"5 2105/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-9/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-9/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-9-mezzanine-2e93ea250e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-9-mezzanine-2e93ea250e-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 9 (March 1, 1957)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Noted Oregonians Honored for Wartime Service to Nisei, JACL\" (p. 1); Bill Hosokawa Promoted Post's Exec. News Ed\" (p. 1); Shonien 'red carp,' JACL 'pinwheel' on L.A. museum exhibit\" (p. 1); No. Calif. Japanese Americans launch $5,000 campaign for Immigration Museum\" (p. 1); \"Issei, Nisei, Sansei...Sensei\" (p. 2); \"Seek central camp in Orange County for Japan farm laborers\" (p. 3); \"Salt Lake JACL supports civil rights bill pending before Utah legislature\" (p. 3); \"Disneyland Hotel Reserved for Pacific Southwest Convention\" (p. 4); \"Repeal of Washington State Alien Land Law Motted by JACL\" (p. 5); \"JATB Travelers slap Zebras with 82-71 loss before over 500\" (p. 6); \"Bill Kajikawa resigns head basketball mentor post at Arizona State College\" (p. 6); \"Taul Watanabe in Japan sizing up new enterprises\" (p. 8); \"Ex-Tule Lake head to install cabinet at Santa Barbara\" (p. 8); \"Senate to vote on civil rights bill\" (p. 8); \"Honor new citizens at Snake River fete\" (p. 8)","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-9","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Politics -- Lobbying","id":"238"},{"term":"Arts and literature -- Visual arts","id":"180"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Oregon","id":"284"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington","id":"290"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Community activities -- Sports","id":"24"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Journalism","id":"360"},{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Mobilizing and organizing the community","id":"111"},{"term":"Reflections on the past -- Exhibitions","id":"394"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"03/01/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-9-mezzanine-2e93ea250e-a.jpg"},{"id":"75","model":"narrator","index":"6 2106/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/75/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/75/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nfumiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nfumiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/75/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fumiko M. Noji","bio":"Nisei female. Born October 13, 1909, in Bellingham, Washington. Lost her United States citizenship when she married an Issei through an arranged marriage. Before 1920, her husband's family established Columbia Greenhouse, one of the first Japanese American-owned greenhouse businesses. Incarcerated at Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Husband was held by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) in Seattle before being interned in the Department of Justice camp at Fort Missoula, Montana. Briefly resettled with husband in Emmett, Idaho and Spokane, Washington before becoming one of the first families to return to Seattle where they resumed operation of the family greenhouse business."},{"id":"170","model":"narrator","index":"7 2107/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/170/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/170/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oarthur.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/oarthur.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/170/interviews/"},"display_name":"Arthur Ogami","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 10, 1922, in Whittier, California. Spent childhood in California, before being removed to Manzanar concentration camp in 1942. Left Manzanar several times to work as a beet topper for local farmers. Decided to expatriate to Japan because of mother's wishes, and was transferred to Tule Lake concentration camp. In 1945, was moved with brother to Bismarck, North Dakota, a Department of Justice camp, before renouncing U.S. citizenship and traveling with family to Japan. Lived and worked in Japan until the 1950s, when he was able have his U.S. citizenship reinstated and return to the U.S. Raised family in Los Angeles, California."},{"id":"415","model":"narrator","index":"8 2108/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/415/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/415/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sfrank.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sfrank.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/415/interviews/"},"display_name":"Frank Sumida","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 10, 1925, in Chicago, Illinois. Grew up primarily in Los Angeles, California, where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, where he participating in running an organized gambling operation. Moved briefly to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before being sent to Tule Lake, California, after signing the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" Transferred to the Santa Fe Department of Justice internment camp, New Mexico. Upon wishes of parents, renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan. Worked for the military government during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Eventually regained U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States."},{"id":"592","model":"narrator","index":"9 2109/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/592/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/592/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngeorge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngeorge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/592/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Nakano","bio":"Sansei male. Born November 24, 1935, in Los Angeles, California. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as a result of parents' answers on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" After leaving camp, returned to California, attended school, and served in the California Air National Guard. Earned a Masters in Education and became a teacher. In 1998, elected to the California State Legislature. Appointed by the Speaker in January 2002 to serve as Democractic Caucus Chair and became one of the highest-ranking Asian Americans in the State Legislature."},{"id":"594","model":"narrator","index":"10 2110/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/594/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Ishida","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 2, 1921, in Fresno, California. Grew up in the Gardena area of Los Angeles, California, before moving to Japan with parents in 1929 and returning to California in the 1930s. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Gave a qualified answer on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire and was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Moved briefly to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, before being released from camp and living in Chicago, Illinois. Drafted into the military and served in Korea as an interpreter for the Military Intelligence Service. Eventually returned to California."},{"id":"ddr-pc-15-48","model":"entity","index":"11 2111/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-48/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-15-48/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-48-mezzanine-f865288a6e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-48-mezzanine-f865288a6e-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 17 No. 23 (December 11, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Military 'Fluke' Gave Army's Japanese American Battalion Chance to Fight on Italy Front\" (p. 1), \"Report Rivers Evacuee Shot By Army Sentry. Refused to Answer Challenge of Soldier, Says WRA Official\" (p. 1), \"Japanese American Woman, Wife of Chinese, Receives Permission to Return Home. Reported First Nisei To Win Right to Reenter Seattle Region\" (p. 3), \"The Evacuation Test Case: Coast Federal Appeals Court Upholds Legality of Military Order in Korematsu Case\" (p. 5), \"Dillon Myer Expresses WRA Hope of Relocating 70,000 Eligible Evacuees in 1944. Relocation Director Singles Out Hearst Papers For Inflammatory Articles on Japanese Americans Story of Tule Lake Affair Told in New York City\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-15-48","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"December 11, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-15-48-mezzanine-f865288a6e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-15-19","model":"entity","index":"12 2112/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-15-19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-19-mezzanine-cd066a1983-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-19-mezzanine-cd066a1983-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 16 No. 19 (May 18, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Supreme Court Hears Nisei Test Cases. Yasui, Hirabayashi Appeals Challenge Constitutionality Of Evacuation of U.S. Citizens\" (p. 1), \"Senate Committee Reports on Relocation, Urging Release Of Loyal Evacuees from Centers\" (p. 1), \"Hawaii's Food Raised Largely By Japanese\" (p. 1), \"Masaoka Will Appear Before House Hearing\" (p. 1), \"New Born Baby Confounds Coast Exclusion Orders\" (p. 2), \"Large Nisei Influx Into St. Paul Area Reported by Tanbara\" (p. 3), \"Poston Faced By Manpower Shortage; Commission Is Formed for Labor Study\" (p. 7), \"Mrs. Roosevelt Reiterates Stand on Release of Nisei\" (p. 8), \"Tule Lake Evacuees Fined For Snaring Ducks Near Center\" (p. 8), \"Heart Mountain Center Head Denies Extravagance in Food\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-15-19","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"May 13, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-15-19-mezzanine-cd066a1983-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-15-41","model":"entity","index":"13 2113/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-41/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-15-41/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-41-mezzanine-488cfd1e6c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-41-mezzanine-488cfd1e6c-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 17 No. 16 (October 23, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Japanese Americans Should Have Fair Trial, Pearl Buck Tells California Senate Group. Noted Author Declares Exclusion Laws Against Asiatics Primary Cause of Present War; Danger of Real Race War Told Committee\" (p. 1), \"West Coast Fair Play Group Surveys Washington Opinion On Japanese Americans. Mrs. Ruth Kingman Declares Pacific Coast Committee Interested in Presenting Fair Picture of Problem to Prevent Unjust Prejudice\" (p. 1), \"Citizens' Group Leads Fight For Evacuee Schooling Right. 7-Year Old Boy Denied Entrance to Kansas City Grammar School\" (p. 2), \"Jerome Auto Crash Hurts 20 Evacuees. Semi-Trailer Carrying Volunteer Woodcutters Overturns on Road\" (p. 2), \"Loyalty Question Splits Couple at Tule Lake Center\" (p. 2).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-15-41","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"October 23, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-15-41-mezzanine-488cfd1e6c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-19-10","model":"entity","index":"14 2114/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-19-10/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-19-10/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-19/ddr-pc-19-10-mezzanine-858237a4dc-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-19/ddr-pc-19-10-mezzanine-858237a4dc-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 24 No. 9 (March 8, 1947)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Report Twelve Thousand Nisei in Japan Have Applied for Repatriation to United States\" (p. 1), \"California Supreme Court Hears Stockton Theatre Case On Issei Business Rights\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake Test Cases Moved To New Court\" (p. 1), \"Bill Seeks Repeal Of California School Segregation\" (p. 1), \"Nisei, Negro Groups Learning to Live, Work Together in Downtown Los Angeles Area\" (p. 2), \"Racial Minorities Victimized As Scapegoats in Time of Economic Crisis, Says Writer\" (p. 2), \"Discuss Amending Laws to Stay Deportation of Alien Residents\" (p. 3), \"Nisei GIs Vital to Success Of Occupation, Says Army. Military Intelligence Service Starts New Recruiting Drive for Japanese Americans\" (p. 3), \"Evacuee Loss Data Sought In Interviews\" (p. 7).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-19-10","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"March 8, 1947","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-pc-19-10-mezzanine-858237a4dc-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-89","model":"entity","index":"15 2115/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-89/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-89/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-89-mezzanine-726e94015c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-89-mezzanine-726e94015c-a.jpg"},"title":"Memo from multiple incarcerees to the Co-ordinating Committee, February 1944","description":"States that the incarcerees wish to see \"normalcy re-established\" and peace and cooperation preserved between the Administration and the \"Colony\" in the Tule Lake incarceration camp, pledging support for the Co-ordinating Committee's efforts to attain peace at the camp. A handwritten annotation next to one of the people's names provides his or her release date. Names Signed: Akiyama; Mohri; Yamanaka; Kimura, Mitsuo; Ikeda; Yamamoto, Koichi; Shimizu; Fujimoto, William; Inouye; Asato; Tsuchiya; Naito, Sam; Yoshida; Saito; Kozuma; Komiya, S.; Kobayashi, Yukio; Tateishi, H. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0089","extent":"1 page, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-89","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Schmidt, Willard E."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence","id":"162"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence -- Tule Lake strike","id":"533"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pcc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"2/7/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Schmidt, Willard E. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-89-mezzanine-726e94015c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-44-33","model":"entity","index":"16 2116/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-44-33/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-44-33/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-33-mezzanine-638ac17898-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-33-mezzanine-638ac17898-a.jpg"},"title":"Spanish Club","description":"A large group photograph of Nisei high school students incarcerated at Tule Lake, California posing in front of a barrack. They are presumably the members of Spanish Club. Two rows of men are standing behind a row of women and men seated in chairs. A young man is kneeling on the ground on each side of the front row of chairs. Their Caucasian teacher is seated in the middle of the front row of chairs. Photo inscription on back: \"Spanish Club.\" Title from inscription. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: csumb_ms15_0033","extent":"black and white, 2.375 x 3.125 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-44-33","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"Education -- Secondary education","id":"335"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Monterey Bay","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"circa 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-44-33-mezzanine-638ac17898-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-90","model":"entity","index":"17 2117/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-90/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-90/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-90-mezzanine-8101e4809b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-90-mezzanine-8101e4809b-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Willard E. Schmidt, National Chief of Internal Security, to R. B. Cozzens, Field Assistant Director, War Relocation Authority, November 22, 1943","description":"Contains recommendations for future planning and functions of the Internal Security Section of the Tule Lake incarceration camp, including for a segregation area for \"bachelor Kibei and recalcitrants\" and detailing needs for personnel, equipment, and security procedures; letter calls for the camp to be considered \"maximum type\" given that it has become more of an isolation center than a relocation center, and discusses its internal security ratio in comparison with that of the Wartime Civil Control Administration at Santa Anita and of the city of Los Angeles. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0090","extent":"5 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-90","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Schmidt, Willard E."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- Wartime Civil Control Administration (WCCA)","id":"402"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pcc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"11/22/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Schmidt, Willard E. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-90-mezzanine-8101e4809b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-17","model":"entity","index":"18 2118/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-17-mezzanine-1182c2f289-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-17-mezzanine-1182c2f289-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 22 No. 12","description":"Selected article titles: \"Charge Wounded Nisei Treated Like POWs\" (p. 1), \"JACL Protests Treatment of Nisei Wounded on Ship\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake, Last of Centers, Closed by Relocation Agency\" (p. 1), \"Clark Reveals Santa Fe Camp Will Be Closed\" (p. 1), \"California Personnel Board Expected to Drop Charges Against Japanese Americans\" (p. 2), \"Report 7100 Persons Repatriated to Japan\" (p. 2), \"Evanston Group Asks Extension of Naturalization to Issei\" (p. 2), \"Koyama Warns Nisei Veterans of VFW's Attempt to Organize Segregated Post in Spokane\" (p. 3), \"Final Segregee Group Moved From Newell\" (p. 3), \"Washington News-Letter: Hank Gosho Fought With Famous Merrill's Mauauders\" (p. 5), \"New York Conference Will Be Held on Immigration Laws\" (p. 5).","extent":"1410W x 2044H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-17","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"23-Mar-46","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-17-mezzanine-1182c2f289-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-156-414","model":"entity","index":"19 2119/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-156-414/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-156-414/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-414-mezzanine-48c5d462d7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-414-mezzanine-48c5d462d7-a.jpg"},"title":"Information Digest No. 56","description":"Section titles: \"Dies Committee Summons Ray Best\"; \"Appeal Board Planned for Tule Lake Segregants\"; \"Rohwer Schools Buy Three Jeeps\"; \"Seven Nisei Girls Inducted in WAC\"; \"California State Board of Agriculture Resolution\"; \"Clearance Review Committee Enlarged\"; \"Denver Administrative Management Meeting\"; \"Community Councils Taking Active Part in Relocation Program\"; \"Relocation 'Team' Available to All Centers\"; \"Community Councils Taking Active Part in Relocation Program\"; \"Relocation 'Team' Available to All Centers\"; \"Japanese Christian Leaders Hold National Conference\"; \"Property Officers to Meet in San Francisco\"; \"Relocation Office Closes\"; \"Vocational Training Committee Reorganized\"; \"Gila Buddhist Group Promotes Better Understanding\"; \"Central Utah Develops Novel Method for Teaching Basic English\"; \"WRA to Get Newer Motor Equipment\"; \"Personnel Changes\"; \"November at the Projects.\"","extent":"2376W x 3144H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-156-414","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","creation":"January 1, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-156-414-mezzanine-48c5d462d7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-156-195","model":"entity","index":"20 2120/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-156-195/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-156-195/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-195-mezzanine-3d45408748-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-195-mezzanine-3d45408748-a.jpg"},"title":"Daily Press Review, Vol. 2, No. 17","description":"Article titles: \"Beet Laborers Needed to Save Crop in Sheridan County\"; \"Approximately 150 Men Now Employed on Construction of Relocation Center\"; \"Group Plans to Supply Labor Needs\"; \"Caldwell Japanese Dies of Injuries\"; \"Labor Shortage Chief Problem of Beet Sugar Industry\"; \"First Group of Local Japanese Reach Tule Lake\"; \"Japanese Evacuees Express Appreciation for Kind Treatment\"; \"Our Enemy Aliens are Treated Like Honored Guests\"; \"Myopic Iowan\"; \"Era of Reclamation\"; \"First Schools Due for Jap Evacuee Pupils\"; \"Jap Center Shift Asked\"; \"Japanese Wife of Chinese Sent to Assembly Center\"; \"U.S. Studies Use of Japs in Interior\"; \"Educator to Tour Jap Evacuee Camp\"; \"S.F. Sailor Quizzed on Talks With Japanese Evacuee\"; \"Jap Sent to Federal Prison\"; \"The Japanese Cities of America.\"","extent":"2344W x 3044H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-156-195","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","creation":"June 22, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-156-195-mezzanine-3d45408748-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1010-2","model":"entity","index":"21 2121/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1010-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1010-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-kbetty-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-kbetty-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Betty Fujimoto Kashiwagi Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born February 9, 1929, in Isleton, California. Grew up in Isleton where parents operated a boarding house. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Sacramento Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. In 1943, transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, then, when that camp closed, to the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. After leaving camp, returned to Isleton.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:55:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1010-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":424,"namepart":"Betty Fujimoto Kashiwagi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jill Shiraki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr011kj7d","namepart":"Fujimoto, Sueme"}],"contributor":"Preserving California's Japantowns Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Sacramento, California","creation":"December 8, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Betty Fujimoto Kashiwagi narrator \nJill Shiraki interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Fujimoto, Sueme 88922nr011kj7d","download_large":"denshovh-kbetty-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1014-11","model":"entity","index":"22 2122/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1014-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1014-11/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1014/denshovh-yed-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1014/denshovh-yed-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ed Yoshikawa Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born January 30, 1925, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento. During World War II, removed to the Sacramento (Walerga) Assembly Center, and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to attend college in Michigan. Drafted into the military and served with the 442nd Regimental Combat Team in Europe. After military discharge, moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota, and established a career with Munsingwear.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:47:46","links_children":"ddr-densho-1014-11","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":558,"namepart":"Ed Yoshikawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Steve Ozone"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Bill Kubota"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Twin Cities JACL Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Minneapolis, Minnesota","creation":"December 12, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ed Yoshikawa narrator \nSteve Ozone interviewer \nBill Kubota videographer","download_large":"denshovh-yed-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-59","model":"entity","index":"23 2123/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-59/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-59/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-hjessie-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-hjessie-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jessie Hatsue Akiyama Okazaki Harry Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born October 24, 1925, in Parkdale, Oregon. Grew up in Parkdale, where parents ran a farm. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, before transferring with family to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp to attend sewing school in New York before eventually returning to Hood River, Oregon.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:26:31","links_children":"ddr-one-7-59","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":766,"namepart":"Jessie Hatsue Akiyama Okazaki Harry"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Linda Tamura"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Ian McCluskey"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0145j3z","namepart":"Akiyama, Hatsue Jessie"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Portland, Oregon","creation":"February 24, 2014","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jessie Hatsue Akiyama Okazaki Harry narrator \nLinda Tamura interviewer \nIan McCluskey videographer Akiyama, Hatsue Jessie 88922nr0145j3z","download_large":"denshovh-hjessie-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-24","model":"entity","index":"24 2124/{'value': 2211, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-24/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-24/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-kgeorge_3-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-kgeorge_3-01-a.jpg"},"title":"George Katagiri Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born September 22, 1926, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland where parents ran a small grocery store. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, was drafted into the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Eventually returned to Portland and became a teacher and school administrator.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:01:25","links_children":"ddr-one-7-24","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":692,"namepart":"George Katagiri"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Stephan Gilchrist"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tim Rooney"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014h141","namepart":"Katagiri, George"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","creation":"September 23, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Katagiri narrator \nStephan Gilchrist interviewer \nTim Rooney videographer Katagiri, George 88922nr014h141","download_large":"denshovh-kgeorge_3-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Tule Lake","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}