Kimi Ogawa: Shin-Issei female. Born January 4, 1928, in Fukuoka, Japan. Lived in Japan during World War II, and in this interview, discusses her memories of wartime Japan. Met Arthur Ogami in Japan, married, and immigrated to the U.S. in the 1950s.","extent":"01:47:29","links_children":"ddr-manz-1-109","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":170,"namepart":"Arthur Ogami"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":539,"namepart":"Kimi Ogami"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alisa Lynch"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Kirk Peterson"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zs62","namepart":"Ogami, Arthur Mitsuru"}],"contributor":"Manzanar National Historic Site Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Las Vegas, Nevada","creation":"August 10, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Arthur Ogami narrator \nKimi Ogami narrator \nAlisa Lynch interviewer \nKirk Peterson videographer Ogami, Arthur Mitsuru 88922nr015zs62","download_large":"denshovh-oarthur_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1010-8","model":"entity","index":"5 1030/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1010-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1010-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-mkenji-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1010/denshovh-mkenji-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kenji Maruko Interview","description":"Sansei male. Born December 13, 1920, in Fresno, California. Father was born in Hawaii, mother was born in Japan. Grew up in Fresno, where parents ran a successful bicycle shop and general store. During World War II, removed to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was segregated to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Renounced U.S. citizenship, and was transferred to the Department of Justice camp at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Decided to remain in the U.S., and had citizenship restored. After the war, returned to Fresno.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:04:13","links_children":"ddr-densho-1010-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":457,"namepart":"Kenji Maruko"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jill Shiraki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zw10","namepart":"Maruko, Kenji"}],"contributor":"Preserving California's Japantowns Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Fresno, California","creation":"March 9, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kenji Maruko narrator \nJill Shiraki interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Maruko, Kenji 88922nr015zw10","download_large":"denshovh-mkenji-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-261","model":"entity","index":"6 1031/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-261/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-261/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Sumida Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born August 10, 1925, in Chicago, Illinois. Grew up primarily in Los Angeles, California, where parents ran a restaurant. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Santa Anita assembly Center, California, where he participating in running an organized gambling operation. Moved briefly to Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming, before being sent to Tule Lake, California, after signing the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" Transferred to the Santa Fe Department of Justice internment camp, New Mexico. Upon wishes of parents, renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan. Worked for the military government during the U.S. occupation of Japan. Eventually regained U.S. citizenship and returned to the United States.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"04:22:36","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-261","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":415,"namepart":"Frank Sumida"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Takei"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0116q01","namepart":"Sumida, Frank Teruo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 23, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Sumida narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nBarbara Takei interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Sumida, Frank Teruo 88922nr0116q01","download_large":"denshovh-sfrank-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-90","model":"entity","index":"7 1032/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-90/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-90/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-90-mezzanine-8101e4809b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-90-mezzanine-8101e4809b-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Willard E. Schmidt, National Chief of Internal Security, to R. B. Cozzens, Field Assistant Director, War Relocation Authority, November 22, 1943","description":"Contains recommendations for future planning and functions of the Internal Security Section of the Tule Lake incarceration camp, including for a segregation area for \"bachelor Kibei and recalcitrants\" and detailing needs for personnel, equipment, and security procedures; letter calls for the camp to be considered \"maximum type\" given that it has become more of an isolation center than a relocation center, and discusses its internal security ratio in comparison with that of the Wartime Civil Control Administration at Santa Anita and of the city of Los Angeles. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0090","extent":"5 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-90","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Schmidt, Willard E."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- Wartime Civil Control Administration (WCCA)","id":"402"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pcc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"11/22/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Schmidt, Willard E. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-90-mezzanine-8101e4809b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-89","model":"entity","index":"8 1033/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-89/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-89/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-89-mezzanine-726e94015c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-89-mezzanine-726e94015c-a.jpg"},"title":"Memo from multiple incarcerees to the Co-ordinating Committee, February 1944","description":"States that the incarcerees wish to see \"normalcy re-established\" and peace and cooperation preserved between the Administration and the \"Colony\" in the Tule Lake incarceration camp, pledging support for the Co-ordinating Committee's efforts to attain peace at the camp. A handwritten annotation next to one of the people's names provides his or her release date. Names Signed: Akiyama; Mohri; Yamanaka; Kimura, Mitsuo; Ikeda; Yamamoto, Koichi; Shimizu; Fujimoto, William; Inouye; Asato; Tsuchiya; Naito, Sam; Yoshida; Saito; Kozuma; Komiya, S.; Kobayashi, Yukio; Tateishi, H. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0089","extent":"1 page, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-89","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Schmidt, Willard E."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence","id":"162"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence -- Tule Lake strike","id":"533"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pcc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"2/7/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Schmidt, Willard E. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-89-mezzanine-726e94015c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-26-51","model":"entity","index":"9 1034/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-26-51/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-26-51/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-26/ddr-csujad-26-51-mezzanine-aa99f41c86-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-26/ddr-csujad-26-51-mezzanine-aa99f41c86-a.jpg"},"title":"Tulean dispatch magazine section, vol. 1, no. 11","description":"Monthly publication at Tule Lake incarceration camp including stories, poems, commentary and creative writing. Current issue includes: \"Does it pay to stay here?\" by Reverend Shigeo Tanabe; \"Relocation\" by Minoru Kimura; \"Nisei personality adjustment: Nisei need to find their perspectives through self-analysis. A valuable article for all evacuees especially resettlers\" by James Sakoda; \"Gloom\" by Buster Sawai; \"Outside\" by Shuji Kimura; \"Nisei personality sketch no. 2\" by Reverend Shigeo Tanabe; \"There are such people\" by O'Hara. Illustration of \"Block Manager's office\" by [Jobo]. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: mei_03_19_002","extent":"32 pages, typescript, illustrations","links_children":"ddr-csujad-26-51","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"War Relocation Authority"},{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Tule Lake Relocation Center"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Arts and literature","id":"172"},{"term":"Journalism and media","id":"387"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Department of Special Research Collections, UC Santa Barbara Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"periodical","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"Jul-43","status":"completed","search_hidden":"War Relocation Authority publisher \nTule Lake Relocation Center publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-26-51-mezzanine-aa99f41c86-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-26-4","model":"entity","index":"10 1035/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-26-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-26-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-26/ddr-csujad-26-4-mezzanine-91f0204dba-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-26/ddr-csujad-26-4-mezzanine-91f0204dba-a.jpg"},"title":"Evacuation and resettlement study, structural report, section II: the first six months at Tule Lake: social changes and a chronology of events","description":"Report chronicling the first six months Tule Lake camp including the establishment of community activities, employment, schools, and barracks infrastructure. Describes challenges of adjusting to life in camp often using direct quotations from incarcerees to express struggles amid social and cultural groups as well as conflicts and strikes. Several events are also described including a description of the fourth of July holiday, a structure fire, thefts and rumors. Report compiled as a portion of the Japanese American Evacuation and Resettlement Study (JERS). See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: mei_01_35-37","extent":"56 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-26-4","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Shibutani, Tamotsu"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Food","id":"68"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence","id":"162"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Firefighting","id":"357"},{"term":"Community activities -- Festivals, celebrations, and holidays","id":"25"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Construction","id":"534"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Department of Special Research Collections, UC Santa Barbara Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"manuscript","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"12/9/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Shibutani, Tamotsu author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-26-4-mezzanine-91f0204dba-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-121-17","model":"entity","index":"11 1036/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-121-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-121-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-17-mezzanine-1182c2f289-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-121/ddr-densho-121-17-mezzanine-1182c2f289-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen Vol. 22 No. 12","description":"Selected article titles: \"Charge Wounded Nisei Treated Like POWs\" (p. 1), \"JACL Protests Treatment of Nisei Wounded on Ship\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake, Last of Centers, Closed by Relocation Agency\" (p. 1), \"Clark Reveals Santa Fe Camp Will Be Closed\" (p. 1), \"California Personnel Board Expected to Drop Charges Against Japanese Americans\" (p. 2), \"Report 7100 Persons Repatriated to Japan\" (p. 2), \"Evanston Group Asks Extension of Naturalization to Issei\" (p. 2), \"Koyama Warns Nisei Veterans of VFW's Attempt to Organize Segregated Post in Spokane\" (p. 3), \"Final Segregee Group Moved From Newell\" (p. 3), \"Washington News-Letter: Hank Gosho Fought With Famous Merrill's Mauauders\" (p. 5), \"New York Conference Will Be Held on Immigration Laws\" (p. 5).","extent":"1410W x 2044H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-121-17","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","creation":"23-Mar-46","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-121-17-mezzanine-1182c2f289-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-156-414","model":"entity","index":"12 1037/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-156-414/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-156-414/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-414-mezzanine-48c5d462d7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-156/ddr-densho-156-414-mezzanine-48c5d462d7-a.jpg"},"title":"Information Digest No. 56","description":"Section titles: \"Dies Committee Summons Ray Best\"; \"Appeal Board Planned for Tule Lake Segregants\"; \"Rohwer Schools Buy Three Jeeps\"; \"Seven Nisei Girls Inducted in WAC\"; \"California State Board of Agriculture Resolution\"; \"Clearance Review Committee Enlarged\"; \"Denver Administrative Management Meeting\"; \"Community Councils Taking Active Part in Relocation Program\"; \"Relocation 'Team' Available to All Centers\"; \"Community Councils Taking Active Part in Relocation Program\"; \"Relocation 'Team' Available to All Centers\"; \"Japanese Christian Leaders Hold National Conference\"; \"Property Officers to Meet in San Francisco\"; \"Relocation Office Closes\"; \"Vocational Training Committee Reorganized\"; \"Gila Buddhist Group Promotes Better Understanding\"; \"Central Utah Develops Novel Method for Teaching Basic English\"; \"WRA to Get Newer Motor Equipment\"; \"Personnel Changes\"; \"November at the Projects.\"","extent":"2376W x 3144H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-156-414","format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","creation":"January 1, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-156-414-mezzanine-48c5d462d7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-15-41","model":"entity","index":"13 1038/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-41/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-15-41/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-41-mezzanine-488cfd1e6c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-41-mezzanine-488cfd1e6c-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 17 No. 16 (October 23, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Japanese Americans Should Have Fair Trial, Pearl Buck Tells California Senate Group. Noted Author Declares Exclusion Laws Against Asiatics Primary Cause of Present War; Danger of Real Race War Told Committee\" (p. 1), \"West Coast Fair Play Group Surveys Washington Opinion On Japanese Americans. Mrs. Ruth Kingman Declares Pacific Coast Committee Interested in Presenting Fair Picture of Problem to Prevent Unjust Prejudice\" (p. 1), \"Citizens' Group Leads Fight For Evacuee Schooling Right. 7-Year Old Boy Denied Entrance to Kansas City Grammar School\" (p. 2), \"Jerome Auto Crash Hurts 20 Evacuees. Semi-Trailer Carrying Volunteer Woodcutters Overturns on Road\" (p. 2), \"Loyalty Question Splits Couple at Tule Lake Center\" (p. 2).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-15-41","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"October 23, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-15-41-mezzanine-488cfd1e6c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-24","model":"entity","index":"14 1039/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-24/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-24/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-kgeorge_3-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-kgeorge_3-01-a.jpg"},"title":"George Katagiri Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born September 22, 1926, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland where parents ran a small grocery store. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, was drafted into the Military Intelligence Service and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation. Eventually returned to Portland and became a teacher and school administrator.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"03:01:25","links_children":"ddr-one-7-24","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":692,"namepart":"George Katagiri"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Stephan Gilchrist"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tim Rooney"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014h141","namepart":"Katagiri, George"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","creation":"September 23, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"George Katagiri narrator \nStephan Gilchrist interviewer \nTim Rooney videographer Katagiri, George 88922nr014h141","download_large":"denshovh-kgeorge_3-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-30","model":"entity","index":"15 1040/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-30/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-30/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-khitoshi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-khitoshi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Hitoshi H. Kajihara Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born March 12, 1928. Incarcerated at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Served as fundraising chair for the Japanese American Citizens League's Legislative Education Committee from 1984 to 1985 and raised over half a million dollars for the redress effort. Became president of the National JACL in 1986.
(This interview was conducted at the Voices of Japanese American Redress Conference, held on the UCLA campus and sponsored by the UCLA Asian American Studies Center and the UCLA School of Public Policy and Social Research. Because of the full conference schedule, our interviews were limited to one hour. The interviews therefore focused primarily on a single topic, namely, the narrator's role in the redress movement.)","extent":"00:36:31","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-30","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":34,"namepart":"Kajihara, Hitoshi H."},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zq65","namepart":"Kajihara, Hitoshi Harry"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"University of CA, Los Angeles","creation":"September 11, 1997","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kajihara, Hitoshi H. narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Kajihara, Hitoshi Harry 88922nr015zq65","download_large":"denshovh-khitoshi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-493","model":"entity","index":"16 1041/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-493/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-493/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-493-1-mezzanine-0e2f2cd138-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-493-1-mezzanine-0e2f2cd138-a.jpg"},"title":"Hannah Hirabayashi Interview","description":"Nisei-Sansei female. Born 1938 in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in the town of Christopher, now part of Auburn, Washington, where parents ran a grocery store. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested by the FBI and sent to the Fort Missoula internment camp, Montana. The rest of the family went to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, then volunteered to help set up the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, then transferred to the Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. After leaving camp, lived for a short time in Spokane, Washington, before moving to Seattle. Grew up in Seattle, attending Catholic school and eventually becoming a teacher in the Catholic school system.","extent":"1:11:47","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-493","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":982,"namepart":"Hannah Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Yasui"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0052k4g","namepart":"Hirabayashi, Hannah Hanami"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"March 10, 2022","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Hannah Hirabayashi narrator \nBarbara Yasui interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Hirabayashi, Hannah Hanami 88922nr0052k4g","download_large":"ddr-densho-1000-493-1-mezzanine-0e2f2cd138-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-145","model":"entity","index":"17 1042/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-145/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-145/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mfrank-04-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-mfrank-04-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Miyamoto Interview IV","description":"Nisei male. Born July 29, 1912, in Seattle, Washington. Wrote 'Social Solidarity Among the Japanese in Seattle' as a Master's thesis, published in 1939 as one of the first academic works on the Japanese immigrant community. Incarcerated in Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Member of the Evacuation and Resettlement Study which studied the incarceration and resettlement of Japanese Americans during World War II. Resettled in Seattle. Was a longtime member of the faculty in Sociology at the University of Washington, served as Chairman of his department, and was Acting Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences.
(This interview focuses on the narrator's experiences working in the Alaska salmon cannery system in the 1930s.)","extent":"04:47:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-145","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":58,"namepart":"Frank Miyamoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tatsuya Fukunaga"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010jw30","namepart":"Miyamoto, Shotaro Frank"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"July 7 & 8, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Miyamoto narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nTatsuya Fukunaga interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Miyamoto, Shotaro Frank 88922nr010jw30","download_large":"denshovh-mfrank-04-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-784","model":"entity","index":"18 1043/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-784/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-784/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-784-mezzanine-e2306b336f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-784-mezzanine-e2306b336f-a.jpg"},"title":"Charter of Tule Lake Relocation Project","description":"Charter document for the Tule Lake incarceration camp. Includes preamble and the following Articles: 1. Governing body; 2. Qualified electors; 3. Community Council and councilmen; 4. Officers of Community Council; 5. Community Council meetings; 6. Tax and license, gifts, and limitation to use; 7. Impeachment of officers; 8. Initiative, referendum, and recall; 9. Judicial Commission; 10. Block Advisory Committee; 11. Laws; 12. Invalidity; 13. Amendments; and 14. Ratification. Includes the following By-Laws: 1. Election of councilmen and 2. Recall of councilmen. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sac_jaac_0786","extent":"10 pages; 14 x 8.5 inches, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-784","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"United States. War Relocation Authority"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"10/13/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"United States. War Relocation Authority author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-784-mezzanine-e2306b336f-a.jpg"},{"id":"592","model":"narrator","index":"19 1044/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/592/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/592/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngeorge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ngeorge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/592/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Nakano","bio":"Sansei male. Born November 24, 1935, in Los Angeles, California. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as a result of parents' answers on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire.\" After leaving camp, returned to California, attended school, and served in the California Air National Guard. Earned a Masters in Education and became a teacher. In 1998, elected to the California State Legislature. Appointed by the Speaker in January 2002 to serve as Democractic Caucus Chair and became one of the highest-ranking Asian Americans in the State Legislature."},{"id":"594","model":"narrator","index":"20 1045/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/594/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iart_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/594/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Ishida","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 2, 1921, in Fresno, California. Grew up in the Gardena area of Los Angeles, California, before moving to Japan with parents in 1929 and returning to California in the 1930s. During World War II, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Gave a qualified answer on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire and was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Moved briefly to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho, before being released from camp and living in Chicago, Illinois. Drafted into the military and served in Korea as an interpreter for the Military Intelligence Service. Eventually returned to California."},{"id":"457","model":"narrator","index":"21 1046/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/457/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/457/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkenji.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkenji.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/457/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenji Maruko","bio":"Sansei male. Born December 13, 1920, in Fresno, California. Father was born in Hawaii, mother was born in Japan. Grew up in Fresno, where parents ran a successful bicycle shop and general store. During World War II, removed to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questions\" and was segregated to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Renounced U.S. citizenship, and was transferred to the Department of Justice camp at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Decided to remain in the U.S., and had citizenship restored. After the war, returned to Fresno."},{"id":"1021","model":"narrator","index":"22 1047/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1021/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1021/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-539_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-539_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1021/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jeff Furumura","bio":"Sansei male. Born November 23, 1950, in Los Angeles, California. During World War II, father was in a tuberculosis sanitarium, then was taken to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, and mother was sent to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. Parents met in Chicago, Illinois, after leaving the camps. Jeff grew up in the Los Angeles area and eventually attended UCLA. Became involved in various political and civil rights causes and joined the staff of Gidra. Became a programmer, raised a family, and eventually moved to Hawaii where he worked for the Hawaii Medical Service Association. "},{"id":"ddr-csujad-17-1","model":"entity","index":"23 1048/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-17-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-17-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-17/ddr-csujad-17-1-mezzanine-49c4df90b1-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-17/ddr-csujad-17-1-mezzanine-49c4df90b1-a.jpg"},"title":"Desert Sentinel, Vol. I. No. 15, June 21, 1943","description":"School newspaper published at the Gila River incarceration camp. According to an announcement on the back page, publication seeks to make known the War Relocation Authority's \"plans and policies,\" the results of Community Council deliberations, and various regulations and news about life at the Gila River Incarceration Camp. Issue features articles about and by the Camp's Project Director, E. R. Smith; articles on topics such as signs demarcating camp boundaries share pages with those concerning various aspects of life, including school activities; graphics and cartoons; editorials; news from around the region, including from Poston I, Arizona, Tule Lake, California, and Hunt, Idaho; and illustrations. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: JARC_04-01_01","extent":"6 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-17-1","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Rivers High School, journalism class"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Smith, E. R."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications","id":"74"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Living conditions","id":"67"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Social and recreational activities","id":"195"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Northridge. University Library. Special Collections & Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Rivers, Arizona","facility":[{"term":"Gila River","id":"3"}],"creation":"6/21/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Rivers High School, journalism class publisher \nSmith, E. R. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-17-1-mezzanine-49c4df90b1-a.jpg"},{"id":"50","model":"narrator","index":"24 1049/{'value': 1098, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/50/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/50/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mwilliam.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mwilliam.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/50/interviews/"},"display_name":"William Marutani","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 31, 1923, in Kent, Washington. During World War II, was incarcerated at the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp to attend college in South Dakota, was drafted into the U.S. Army and served with the Military Intelligence Service during the postwar occupation of Japan. After military service, became an attorney and then a judge. Served as the legal counsel for the Japanese American Citizens League from 1962 to 1970. Was the only Japanese American appointed to serve on the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians (CWRIC) during the redress movement."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Tule Lake, California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}