(Filmed on location.)","extent":"00:50:58","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-62","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":60,"namepart":"Tomio Moriguchi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Becky Fukuda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Steve Hamada"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington -- Seattle","id":"293"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Small business -- Grocery stores","id":"371"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010kf7v","namepart":"Moriguchi, Tomio"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"February 24, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tomio Moriguchi narrator \nBecky Fukuda interviewer \nSteve Hamada videographer Moriguchi, Tomio 88922nr010kf7v","download_large":"denshovh-mtomio-04-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-1","model":"entity","index":"1 976/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-mfrank-05-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-mfrank-05-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Miyamoto Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born July 29, 1912, in Seattle, Washington. Wrote 'Social Solidarity Among the Japanese in Seattle' as a Master's thesis, published in 1939 as one of the first academic works on the Japanese immigrant community. Incarcerated in Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Member of the Evacuation and Resettlement Study which studied the incarceration and resettlement of Japanese Americans during World War II. Resettled in Seattle. Was a longtime member of the faculty in Sociology at the University of Washington, served as Chairman of his department, and was Acting Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:34:52","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":58,"namepart":"Frank Miyamoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Paul Mailman"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010jw30","namepart":"Miyamoto, Shotaro Frank"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"September 28, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Frank Miyamoto narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Paul Mailman videographer Miyamoto, Shotaro Frank 88922nr010jw30","download_large":"denshovh-mfrank-05-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-5","model":"entity","index":"2 977/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-5/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-5/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Jim Hirabayashi Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born October 30, 1926, in small town of Thomas, Washington, on family farm. Attended school in Auburn, Washington, before being removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to work in Idaho, and was subsequently joined by family. Postwar, became a social anthropologist, and later became only the second Nisei to teach at San Francisco State University. Instrumental in the struggle to establish the field of Ethnic Studies. Brother of Gordon Hirabayashi, who defied the curfew and removal orders in 1942, and was arrested, convicted, and imprisoned. Gordon Hirabayashi's conviction was vacated in 1986.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"01:33:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-5","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":140,"namepart":"Jim Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Chizu Omori"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014b913","namepart":"Hirabayashi, Akira James"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"October 2, 1992","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Jim Hirabayashi narrator \nChizu Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Hirabayashi, Akira James 88922nr014b913","download_large":"denshovh-hjim-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-122","model":"entity","index":"3 978/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-122/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-122/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ttomiye-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ttomiye-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Tomiye Terasaki Interview","description":"Kibei female. Born October 5, 1910, in San Francisco, California. At age three, sent to live with grandfather and receive education in Fukuoka, Japan. After high school, temporarily moved to Tokyo and assisted family-owned business. In 1929, returned to U.S. to join parents in Sacramento. After arranged marriage to Mr. Tadao Sakita, moved to Los Angeles, raised three children and jointly ran a successful cafe. Returned to Sacramento after the bombing of Pearl Harbor to be with family in 1942, until all persons of Japanese ancestry were removed from West Coast. Gave birth to a son while at Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After the war, returned to Los Angeles, and converted to Christianity. Remarried to Mr. Terasaki after first husband's death. At the time of the interview, Mrs. Terasaki resided in Los Angeles, making and repairing Japanese calligraphy scrolls.
(This interview was conducted in Japanese. It was translated so as to convey Mrs. Terasaki's way of speaking as closely as possible. For example, there are instances in which she makes some grammatical errors. These mistakes are conveyed through similar grammatical errors in English, in order to recreate Mrs. Terasaki's manner of speaking. Mrs. Terasaki spoke in the Fukuoka dialect.)","extent":"01:03:58","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-122","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":120,"namepart":"Tomiye Terasaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ken Silverman"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Steve Hamada"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010wd4q","namepart":"Sakita, Tomiye"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"July 3, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tomiye Terasaki narrator \nKen Silverman interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nSteve Hamada videographer Sakita, Tomiye 88922nr010wd4q","download_large":"denshovh-ttomiye-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-83","model":"entity","index":"4 979/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-83/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-83/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-83-mezzanine-a037809567-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-83-mezzanine-a037809567-a.jpg"},"title":"Memo from Harry L. Black, Assistant Project Director, to Willard E. Schmidt, Chief of Police, re: disorders in Block #54, June 2, 1944","description":"Discusses imprisonment in the stockade of 12 incarcerees and tension concerning the Japanese Language Schools and the schools in the camps, detailing what it terms \"terrorist tactics\" on the part of the Japanese Language School's proponents and concluding that the Project Director is justified in using the stockade for disciplinary purposes. The document also includes the directive, Administration of Japanese Language Schools at Tule Lake incarceration camp (March 30, 1944 by R. R. Best, Project Director), which outlines policy regarding the camp and Japanese Language Schools; a memo regarding this directive \"prepared as a public announcement by Mr. Harkness, Superintendent of Schools... (May 18, 1944);\" and a memo from Kenneth M. Harkness, Superintendent of Schools, to Harry L. Black, Chief, Community Management (May 21, 1944) concerning these memoranda. Also included is an envelope from the Federal Communications Commission to Willard E. Schmidt marked Personal and Confidential. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0083","extent":"11 pages, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-83","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Black, Harry L."}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Administration -- War Relocation Authority (WRA)","id":"403"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Facilities, services, and camp administration","id":"69"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Conflicts, intimidation, and violence","id":"162"},{"term":"Education -- Japanese language schools","id":"33"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Education","id":"73"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pcc","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"6/2/1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Black, Harry L. author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-83-mezzanine-a037809567-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1002-7","model":"entity","index":"5 980/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1002-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1002-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-uharry-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1002/denshovh-uharry-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Harry Ueno Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born April 14, 1907, in Pauilo, Hawaii. Lived in Japan from 1915 to 1923, and settled on the mainland upon his return to the United States. Was married in 1930, and was removed along with family to Manzanar concentration camp, California, during World War II. While in Manzanar, organized the Mess Hall Workers Union. Accused of beating up a suspected government informant and was placed in jail, sparking the so-called \"Manzanar Riot.\" Was moved to various jails and the Citizen Isolation Centers Leupp, Arizona, and Moab, Utah, before being reunited with his family in Tule Lake Segregation Center. After release from camp, moved to the Santa Clara Valley, raised three children, and became a farmer.
(This interview was conducted by sisters Emiko and Chizuko Omori for their 1999 documentary, Rabbit in the Moon, about the Japanese American resisters of conscience in the World War II incarceration camps. As a result, the interviews in this collection are typically not life histories, instead primarily focusing on issues surrounding the resistance movement itself.)","extent":"03:58:49","links_children":"ddr-densho-1002-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":141,"namepart":"Harry Ueno"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Emiko Omori"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Emiko Omori and Witt Mons"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr012m793","namepart":"Ueno, Harry Yoshiyo"}],"contributor":"Emiko and Chizuko Omori Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Mateo, California","creation":"February 18, 1994","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Harry Ueno narrator \nEmiko Omori interviewer \nEmiko Omori and Witt Mons videographer Ueno, Harry Yoshiyo 88922nr012m793","download_large":"denshovh-uharry-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-2-67","model":"entity","index":"6 981/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-2-67/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-2-67/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-67-mezzanine-8c480b3276-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-2/ddr-csujad-2-67-mezzanine-8c480b3276-a.jpg"},"title":"Tule Lake Camp group photograph","description":"Appears to be group photograph of internal security officers at Tule Lake Camp. Photograph includes Willard Schmidt, Chief of Internal Security at Tule Lake Camp. Includes list of members in photograph. Names from left to right: Seventh Row: Okino, Y., Kato, J., Taniguchi, S., Yoshihara, D., Asada, E., Yamakawa, M., Yoshihara, G., Iwawaki, H., Yokoyama, K., Horimoto, H., Imada, F., Horio, H., Nomura, T., Okabata, K., Fuki, N., Matsunag, H., Uchinaka, K., Tagumi, G., Suyetsugu, T. Sixth Row: Shimamaura, H., Murakami, K., Ono, K., Hatakeyama, F., Maruyama, K., Yoshino, Z., Kozaiku, Okada, N., Maeda, E., Morimoto, S., Tanake, K., Noyori, S., Matsui, H., Nekomoto, T., Yoshida, T., Munemoto, S., Kodamak, K., Nagatsuyu H., Fifth Row: Back of Wiyoshi, S. Kanda, S., Kumasaka, T., Nakahara, B., Yasudia, T., Enomoto, M., Oda, S., Sakata, I., Yunouye, Y., Naito, J., Takeuchi, K., Tsujimoto, T., Mukai, G., Kinoshita, T., Yamamoto, M., Hanagata, K., Fourth Row: Iahihara, T., Shimoji, M., Ikeda, Y., Haruyana, M., Imeda, T., Mihoshi, S., Terada, K., Nekamoto, Itow, G., Fukumitsu, M., Hori, H., Ogata, T., Nagai, T., Mizuhata, T., Yabitsu, Y., Sekiguohi, K., Okato, W., Morita, T., Kotani, G., Tsuda, S. Third Row: Yamashiro, E., Isari, H., Moriya, H., Matsushima, M., Kawahata, G., Takshashi, T., Shimokon, M., Kaneko, C., Nishimura, M., Aoyama, D., Kewahata, S., Yamamoto, S., Uyeno, S., Tekawa, M., Yamada, S., Back of Yamashiro: Hamatani, K., Kusumoto, J., Kataoka, H., Okusako, T. Second Row: Oshimo, J., Takao, Y., Borbeck, E., Tembara, Y., Maeda, H., Schimidt, W., Jacoby, H., Kono, Y., Miyao, M., Cole, D., Tamiyasu, T., Miyamoto, T., Kondo, W., Yasui, Y., Kakugawa, L. First Row: Ono, C., Fujihara, K., Okamoto, H., Takatsuka, Y., Chihara, T., Adachi, S., Masuoka, N., Oda, Y., Kitaguchi, K., Tahara, S., Yamasaki, S., Shigihara, H., Kajikawa, Y., Akiyama, G. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: sjs_sch_0067","extent":"1 photograph, black and white, 8 x 10 in.; 1 page, typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-2-67","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Work and jobs","id":"76"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Security","id":"535"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"San Jose State University Department of Special Collections and Archives","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Newell, California","facility":[{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"}],"creation":"8/30/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-2-67-mezzanine-8c480b3276-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-116","model":"entity","index":"7 982/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-116/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-116/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kjohn-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kjohn-01-a.jpg"},"title":"John Kanda Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born July 10, 1925, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in the Thomas-Auburn area of Washington. Following Executive Order 9066, family was removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, then to Tule Lake concentration camp in California. Later transferred to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Volunteered as a replacement for the 100th/442nd Regimental Combat Team and trained thirteen weeks as light machine gunner replacement at Camp Shelby, Mississippi. Served with CO. L, 100th Bn/442nd Combat Team in Southern France and in Northern Italy as a rifleman 1st scout. Graduated from the University of Washington in 1950. Graduated from St. Louis School of Medicine in 1954. Internship and Resident, Pierce County Hospital, Tacoma, WA 1954-1956. Family Practice Medicine in Sumner, WA, 1956-1987. Served as president of the Puyallup Valley JACL for 2 terms. Served as Vice President National JACL from 1968-1970. Draft Board Member of the Eastern Pierce County from 1973-1976. President of Pierce County Medical Society from 1971-1972. Sumner Rotary Club President in 1971.
(This interview is part of a collaborative effort of the Puyallup Valley Japanese American Citizens League and Densho.)","extent":"00:55:02","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-116","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":114,"namepart":"John Kanda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Ronald Magden"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr014gk36","namepart":"Kanda, Masayoshi John"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 12, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"John Kanda narrator \nRonald Magden interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Kanda, Masayoshi John 88922nr014gk36","download_large":"denshovh-kjohn-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"60","model":"narrator","index":"8 983/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/60/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/60/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mtomio.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mtomio.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/60/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tomio Moriguchi","bio":"Ni-ten-gosei (Nisei/Sansei) male. Born April 16, 1936, in Tacoma, Washington. During World War II, was incarcerated with his family at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After the war, resettled in Seattle's Nihonmachi, where his father reestablished the family business, Uwajimaya, selling Japanese foodstuff and other items. Worked at Uwajimaya throughout his childhood -- along with his seven brothers and sisters -- prior to and while attending Bailey Gatzert Elementary, Garfield High School, and the University of Washington. Worked at the Boeing Company before leaving to help run Uwajimaya, becoming CEO and President of Uwajimaya in 1965. In addition, actively serves and holds leadership positions in more than 40 civic, social, and professional organizations, and has received numerous honors and awards from both the Nikkei community, and the non-Nikkei mainstream. Uwajimaya is presently the largest food-related Japanese American owned business in the Pacific Northwest, generating over $60 million in annual gross income. It is also remains largely a \"family business,\" employing six out of the seven siblings in key roles."},{"id":"114","model":"narrator","index":"9 984/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/114/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/114/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kjohn.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kjohn.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/114/interviews/"},"display_name":"John Kanda","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 10, 1925, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in the Thomas-Auburn area of Washington. Following Executive Order 9066, family was removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, then to Tule Lake concentration camp in California. Later transferred to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Volunteered as a replacement for the 100th/442nd Regimental Combat Team and trained thirteen weeks as light machine gunner replacement at Camp Shelby, Mississippi. Served with CO. L, 100th Bn/442nd Combat Team in Southern France and in Northern Italy as a rifleman 1st scout. Graduated from the University of Washington in 1950. Graduated from St. Louis School of Medicine in 1954. Internship and Resident, Pierce County Hospital, Tacoma, WA 1954-1956. Family Practice Medicine in Sumner, WA, 1956-1987. Served as president of the Puyallup Valley JACL for 2 terms. Served as Vice President National JACL from 1968-1970. Draft Board Member of the Eastern Pierce County from 1973-1976. President of Pierce County Medical Society from 1971-1972. Sumner Rotary Club President in 1971."},{"id":"ddr-one-5-71","model":"entity","index":"10 985/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-5-71/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-5-71/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-71-mezzanine-25e7eaab52-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-5/ddr-one-5-71-mezzanine-25e7eaab52-a.jpg"},"title":"Envelope and letter to Dr. Dr. Keizaburo \"Kei\" Koyama from Teru Koyama","description":"Envelope addressed to Dr. Keizaburo Koyama at Santa Fe Detention Station from his wife, Teru Koyama, at Minidoka. Postmarked Sep 13, 1943. In place of postage, “Internee of War/Free Mail” is written in the upper right corner. Along the top “9/20-43” is written in red pencil. Inside the envelope is a letter dated Sept 12, 1943. At the top of the letter is an \"EXAMINED\" stamp signed in red ink. In the letter Teru inquires if Kei had his hearing yet, and hopes it will happen before the California hearing board leaves. She writes about a new missionary working in the camp and about attending the English services with the children instead of attending the Japanese services. She tells Kei that she cannot help the Azuma family, and advises that they seek out the WRE legal office. She does not want to create any additional problems for the family by becoming involved in anything outside of church. She writes about a farewell party she is about at attend for those headed to Tule Lake and worries that their children will not sit with her. In the postscript she writes about the party, since it was for the Kibeis it was primarily in Japanese. She discusses her feelings towards Kibeis and the differences between Issei, Kibei, and Nisei.","extent":"1 envelope: 6.5W x 3.5H; 1 letter: 6W x 9H","links_children":"ddr-one-5-71","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Koyama, Teru"}],"topics":[{"term":"Religion and churches -- Christianity","id":"396"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Kibei","id":"45"},{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- Arrest, searches, and seizures","id":"50"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps","id":"65"},{"term":"World War II -- U.S. Army internment camps","id":"432"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Impact of incarceration","id":"78"},{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Religion","id":"75"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon","rights":"cc","genre":"correspondence","location":"Minidoka, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Santa Fe","id":"27"},{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"09/12/1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Koyama, Teru author","download_large":"ddr-one-5-71-mezzanine-25e7eaab52-a.jpg"},{"id":"966","model":"narrator","index":"11 986/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/966/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/966/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/966/interviews/"},"display_name":"Matsuko Hayashi","bio":"Born in 1921 in Parlier in Fresno County, California, Matsuko Hayashi (pseudonym) grew up as the second oldest of the eight children of a first-generation immigrant who had come to the United States as a sixteen years old, and his wife who had come as a \"picture bride.\" They raised grapes on three farms that Matsuko's father and his brother had bought. She remembers her father's affection for the family and his dedication to Buddhism, and how busy her mother was raising children. They hired Mexican laborers and operated their business successfully, winning many blue ribbons for their products at state fairs. Matsuko recalls how the family enjoyed going to camping at Yosemite, and how she went to a Japanese school on Saturdays and Sundays, which she found not effective in teaching her Japanese. As for the American school that she attended on weekdays, she recalls how her teachers were prejudiced against the Japanese. When she went to Japan in 1940, she felt her Japanese classmates were biased against Americans like herself. She and other Nisei at her school in Hiroshima spoke in English, making their Japanese classmate believe that the American students were bad-mouthing their Japanese peers. On August 8, 1945, she was injured and lost consciousness after the bombing, but she survived with the help of her Nisei friend that she knew from a sewing school she had attended in Hiroshima. She lost one of her sisters to the bombing, whom her family was able to identify only because of the white nametag she wore. After losing her Japanese husband to the war, Matsuko came back to the United States in 1947, went to a drapery school and worked in Hollywood as a dressmaker, and was remarried to a Nisei who had been a \"no-no-boy\" in Tule Lake and expressed no concern about the fact that Matsuko is a survivor. As a dedicated Buddhist, Matsuko spent her married life focusing on raising family and working at a nursery, and interacted with other US survivors only occasionally. She feels that being attacked by the bomb was like being hit by tsunami; it was shikata ga nai (It couldn't be helped)."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1021-4","model":"entity","index":"12 987/{'value': 988, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1021-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1021-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1021/ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg"},"title":"Matsuko Hayashi Interview","description":"Born in 1921 in Parlier in Fresno County, California, Matsuko Hayashi (pseudonym) grew up as the second oldest of the eight children of a first-generation immigrant who had come to the United States as a sixteen years old, and his wife who had come as a \"picture bride.\" They raised grapes on three farms that Matsuko's father and his brother had bought. She remembers her father's affection for the family and his dedication to Buddhism, and how busy her mother was raising children. They hired Mexican laborers and operated their business successfully, winning many blue ribbons for their products at state fairs. Matsuko recalls how the family enjoyed going to camping at Yosemite, and how she went to a Japanese school on Saturdays and Sundays, which she found not effective in teaching her Japanese. As for the American school that she attended on weekdays, she recalls how her teachers were prejudiced against the Japanese. When she went to Japan in 1940, she felt her Japanese classmates were biased against Americans like herself. She and other Nisei at her school in Hiroshima spoke in English, making their Japanese classmate believe that the American students were bad-mouthing their Japanese peers. On August 8, 1945, she was injured and lost consciousness after the bombing, but she survived with the help of her Nisei friend that she knew from a sewing school she had attended in Hiroshima. She lost one of her sisters to the bombing, whom her family was able to identify only because of the white nametag she wore. After losing her Japanese husband to the war, Matsuko came back to the United States in 1947, went to a drapery school and worked in Hollywood as a dressmaker, and was remarried to a Nisei who had been a \"no-no-boy\" in Tule Lake and expressed no concern about the fact that Matsuko is a survivor. As a dedicated Buddhist, Matsuko spent her married life focusing on raising family and working at a nursery, and interacted with other US survivors only occasionally. She feels that being attacked by the bomb was like being hit by tsunami; it was shikata ga nai (It couldn't be helped).","extent":"1:23:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1021-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":966,"namepart":"Matsuko Hayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Naoko Wake"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Jose, California","creation":"3-Jun-12","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Matsuko Hayashi narrator \nNaoko Wake interviewer","download_large":"ddr-densho-1021-4-1-mezzanine-b8f1186525-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Tule Lake, California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}