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Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:15:29","links_children":"ddr-densho-1009-2","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":823,"namepart":"Mary Montoya"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Andrew Russell"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"New Mexico JACL Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Gallup, New Mexico","creation":"August 14, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Mary Montoya narrator \nAndrew Russell interviewer","download_large":"denshovh-mmary-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-143","model":"entity","index":"2 152/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-143/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-143/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iruby-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iruby-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Ruby Inouye Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born November 17, 1920, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Seattle, and graduated salutatorian from Broadway High School. Was enrolled in the pre-medical program at the University of Washington on December 7, 1941. During the war, removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp to attend the University of Texas, and later Woman's Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Returned to Seattle to open a private family medicine practice, and succeeded with the help of the Issei community. Involved in helping to establish a nursing home for Japanese Americans in Seattle, and retired from private practice at age seventy-five.","extent":"05:19:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-143","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":136,"namepart":"Ruby Inouye"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Dee Goto"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr006r72j","namepart":"Inouye, Ayako Ruby"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"April 3 & 4, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Ruby Inouye narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDee Goto interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Inouye, Ayako Ruby 88922nr006r72j","download_large":"denshovh-iruby-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-119-99","model":"entity","index":"3 153/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-119-99/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-119-99/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-99-mezzanine-054dccddd0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-119/ddr-densho-119-99-mezzanine-054dccddd0-a.jpg"},"title":"Minidoka Irrigator Vol. IV No. 26 (August 19, 1944)","description":"Selected article titles: \"10,000 Acre Ranger Fire Calls Out On, Off Duty Crew\" (p. 1), \"Alien Population Down to 3 Million\" (p. 1), \"Co-op Patronage Refunds Completed\" (p. 1), \"Tule Lake Visiting Restricted To Emergency Cases\" (p. 1), \"Inspector From Immigration Dept. Arrives Wednesday\" (p. 1), \"Tule Youth Struck by Coal Truck Dies\" (p. 1), \"Six Families to Leave for Texas\" (p. 1), \"Our Grave Hospital Situation\" (p. 2), \"Time Magazine Comments: 'From Cautious Experiment, Army Receives Rich Reward'\" (p. 2), \"Mexican Youth Poses as Nisei in Manzanar\" (p. 3), \"Brooklyn Hostel Extends Welcome to All Relocates\" (p. 3), \"Classes to Begin Next Monday; Acute Teacher Shortage Felt\" (p. 3).","extent":"1438W x 1987H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-119-99","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Concentration camps -- Publications -- Minidoka Irrigator","id":"173"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"periodical","location":"Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho","facility":[{"term":"Minidoka","id":"8"}],"creation":"August 19, 1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-119-99-mezzanine-054dccddd0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1007-8","model":"entity","index":"4 154/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1007-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1007-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1007/denshovh-kkay_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1007/denshovh-kkay_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kay Uno Kaneko - Hana Shepard - Mae Matsuzaki Interview","description":"Nisei females, sisters. Grew up in Los Angeles, California, before World War II. During the war, removed to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Granada (Amache) concentration camp, Colorado. Transferred to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, so family could be reunited with father. The sisters had several brothers who served in the U.S. military during World War II.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:16:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1007-8","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":485,"namepart":"Kay Kaneko"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":838,"namepart":"Hana Shepard"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":839,"namepart":"Mae Matsuzaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Loni Ding"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"J. 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Arakaki videographer Matsuzaki, Mae 88922nr015zj01\nUno, Kay 88922nr007gj22","download_large":"denshovh-kkay_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"928","model":"narrator","index":"5 155/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/928/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/928/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-481_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-481_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/928/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Kazuharu Naganuma","bio":"Born August 20, 1938, in Lima, Peru. Parents ran a laundry business and father was a prominent community leader. During World War II, the FBI arrested George's father and the entire family was placed on a ship and sent to the Department of Justice camp at Crystal City, Texas. 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Moved to Seattle, Washington, where husband was a minister at the Seattle Buddhist Temple. During World War II, husband was arrested and imprisoned in the Crystal City Department of Justice Camp, Texas. Mrs. Ichikawa, with her seven children, was removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, then to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Joined husband in Crystal City before returning to run the Seattle Buddhist Temple."},{"id":"136","model":"narrator","index":"7 157/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/136/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/136/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iruby.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/iruby.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/136/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ruby Inouye","bio":"Nisei female. Born November 17, 1920, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Seattle, and graduated salutatorian from Broadway High School. Was enrolled in the pre-medical program at the University of Washington on December 7, 1941. During the war, removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp to attend the University of Texas, and later Woman's Medical College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Returned to Seattle to open a private family medicine practice, and succeeded with the help of the Issei community. Involved in helping to establish a nursing home for Japanese Americans in Seattle, and retired from private practice at age seventy-five."},{"id":"ddr-pc-31-30","model":"entity","index":"8 158/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-31-30/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-31-30/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-31/ddr-pc-31-30-mezzanine-7e7c73b16d-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-31/ddr-pc-31-30-mezzanine-7e7c73b16d-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 49, No. 4 (July 24, 1959)","description":"Selected article titles: \"U.C. regents clear campus of fraternity bias\" (p. 1), \"Idaho Nisei regains U.S. citizenship as private bill signed\" (p. 1), \"JACL support of returning vested property told in detail\" (p. 1), \"Father LaFarge takes issue with stand of Eisenhower on civil rights legislation\" (p. 1), \"Saibara Family credited by American rice industry for developing Texas rice economy, 30% of nation's total\" (p. 3), \"Senate subcommittee squeaks civil rights bill through 4-3\" (p. 3), \"Contra Costa JACL steps up youth program, parent-teenager panel weighs attitudes\" (p. 4), \"House passes immigration bill reuniting separated refugees\" (p. 8), \"Governor signs Unruh civil rights bill; wraps up five anti-discrimination acts\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-31-30","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"World War II -- Economic losses","id":"59"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Asakai, Koichiro"},{"namepart":"Yanagihara, Galen H."},{"namepart":"Honda, Harry K."},{"namepart":"Takata, Fred"},{"namepart":"Matsumoto, William"},{"namepart":"Oyanagi, Waichi"},{"namepart":"Tajiri, Larry S."},{"namepart":"Yoshimura, Akiji"},{"namepart":"Misaki, Mary"},{"namepart":"Satow, Masao"},{"namepart":"Hayashi, Akira"},{"namepart":"Yamauchi, Linda"},{"namepart":"Hisamoto, George"},{"namepart":"Hayasaka, Philip"},{"namepart":"Mori, Henry"},{"namepart":"Kamimura, Frank"},{"namepart":"Ouye, Carol"},{"namepart":"Akamine, Akiyo"},{"namepart":"Ashizawa, Roy"},{"namepart":"Nakashima, Arthur K."}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 24, 1959","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher Asakai, Koichiro \nYanagihara, Galen H. \nHonda, Harry K. \nTakata, Fred \nMatsumoto, William \nOyanagi, Waichi \nTajiri, Larry S. \nYoshimura, Akiji \nMisaki, Mary \nSatow, Masao \nHayashi, Akira \nYamauchi, Linda \nHisamoto, George \nHayasaka, Philip \nMori, Henry \nKamimura, Frank \nOuye, Carol \nAkamine, Akiyo \nAshizawa, Roy \nNakashima, Arthur K.","download_large":"ddr-pc-31-30-mezzanine-7e7c73b16d-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-njpa-1-1418","model":"entity","index":"9 159/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-njpa-1-1418/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-njpa-1-1418/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-1418-mezzanine-1738e1ec3c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-njpa-1/ddr-njpa-1-1418-mezzanine-1738e1ec3c-a.jpg"},"title":"U.S. generals in charge of the Pacific Theater","description":"Caption on reverse: Headquarters South Pacific Base Command--Stars glittered under a bright tropical sun as five Pacific generals posed for an Army photographer following a review presented by the 25th Infantry Division, veterans of Guadalcanal and New Georgia, for Lieut. 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Born February 23, 1924, in Brawley, California. Grew up in El Centro, California, where parents ran a farm. During World War II, was removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Family signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and transferred to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, then to Japan. Lived and worked in Japan until 1950 before returning to the United States.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:50:28","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-394","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":643,"namepart":"Minoru Tajii"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr011pt86","namepart":"Tajii, Minoru"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Gardena, California","creation":"February 14, 2012","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Minoru Tajii narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Tajii, Minoru 88922nr011pt86","download_large":"denshovh-tminoru_2-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-282","model":"entity","index":"11 161/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-282/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-282/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kkay-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kkay-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Kay Uno Kaneko Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born October 7, 1932, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles, age nine when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in 1941. During World War II, removed with family to the Santa Anita Assembly Center, California, and the Granada (Amache) concentration camp, Colorado. Transferred to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, so family could be reunited with father. After the war, returned to Los Angeles.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:41:25","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-282","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":485,"namepart":"Kay Uno Kaneko"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr007gj22","namepart":"Uno, Kay"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Kona, Hawaii","creation":"June 9, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kay Uno Kaneko narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Uno, Kay 88922nr007gj22","download_large":"denshovh-kkay-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-379-746","model":"entity","index":"12 162/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-379-746/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-379-746/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-746-mezzanine-41cb474223-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-379/ddr-densho-379-746-mezzanine-41cb474223-a.jpg"},"title":"Cooperative Colonization Plan","description":"Chimata Sumida, T. Takasugi, and S. Muraoka authored a resettlement plan for Japanese American incarcerees entitled \"Cooperative Colonization\". This plan called for a large scale resettlement of Japanese Americans on 100,000 acres of farm land with help from the government in order to purchase farm equipment and other needed items. This plan was discussed by government officials via correspondence and eventually agreed that the plan was not viable for many reasons but a large one being the sentiments of the broader American public not being behind such a community.\\n\\nOfficials believed a smaller resettlement plan of only 10-15 families was possible and began to focus on land around Brownsville, Texas after several failed proposals of other areas in the country.","extent":"8.5W x 11H","links_children":"ddr-densho-379-746","creators":[{"role":"author","nr_id":"88922/nr007bb08","namepart":"Chimata Sumida"},{"role":"author","namepart":"Takasugi, T."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Muraoka, S."}],"topics":[{"term":"Industry and employment -- Agriculture -- Farming","id":"345"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"McGehee, Arkansas","facility":[{"term":"Rohwer","id":"9"}],"creation":"1944-1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Chimata Sumida author 88922nr007bb08\nTakasugi, T. author \nMuraoka, S. author","download_large":"ddr-densho-379-746-mezzanine-41cb474223-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-111","model":"entity","index":"13 163/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-111/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-111/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyasashi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyasashi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yasashi Ichikawa Interview I","description":"Issei female. Born 1907 in Shimonoseki, Japan. Attended school in Japan, and was encouraged by father to study English. Married a Buddhist minister and immigrated to the United States. Lived in Fresno, California, then returned to Japan for two years. Moved to Seattle, Washington, where husband was a minister at the Seattle Buddhist Temple. During World War II, husband was arrested and imprisoned in the Crystal City Department of Justice Camp, Texas. Mrs. Ichikawa, with her seven children, was removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, then to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Joined husband in Crystal City before returning to run the Seattle Buddhist Temple.
(This interview was conducted in Japanese. The transcript is a translation of the original interview.)","extent":"02:27:50","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-111","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":111,"namepart":"Yasashi Ichikawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tomoyo Yamada"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0160f5w","namepart":"Ichikawa, Yasashi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 16, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yasashi Ichikawa narrator \nTomoyo Yamada interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer Ichikawa, Yasashi 88922nr0160f5w","download_large":"denshovh-iyasashi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-112","model":"entity","index":"14 164/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-112/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-112/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyasashi-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-iyasashi-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Yasashi Ichikawa Interview II","description":"Issei female. Born 1907 in Shimonoseki, Japan. Attended school in Japan, and was encouraged by father to study English. Married a Buddhist minister and immigrated to the United States. Lived in Fresno, California, then returned to Japan for two years. Moved to Seattle, Washington, where husband was a minister at the Seattle Buddhist Temple. During World War II, husband was arrested and imprisoned in the Crystal City Department of Justice Camp, Texas. Mrs. Ichikawa, with her seven children, was removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, then to Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Joined husband in Crystal City before returning to run the Seattle Buddhist Temple.
(This interview was conducted in Japanese. The transcript is a translation of the original interview.)","extent":"02:21:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-112","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":111,"namepart":"Yasashi Ichikawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tomoyo Yamada"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0160f5w","namepart":"Ichikawa, Yasashi"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 20, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yasashi Ichikawa narrator \nTomoyo Yamada interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer Ichikawa, Yasashi 88922nr0160f5w","download_large":"denshovh-iyasashi-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-221","model":"entity","index":"15 165/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-221/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-221/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ayae-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-ayae-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yae Aihara Interview","description":"Nisei female. 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Resettled to Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles in 1946.","extent":"01:11:42","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-221","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":321,"namepart":"Yae Aihara"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Megan Asaka"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr006sp6f","namepart":"Kanogawa, Yaeko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Denver, Colorado","creation":"July 4, 2008","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yae Aihara narrator \nMegan Asaka interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Kanogawa, Yaeko 88922nr006sp6f","download_large":"denshovh-ayae-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-151","model":"entity","index":"16 166/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-151/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-151/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sart-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-sart-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Art Shibayama Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born June 6, 1930, in Callao, Peru. Grew up in Peru, raised by both parents and grandparents. During World War II, taken with parents to the United States on a U.S. troop transport ship. Lived in the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, until family moved to work at Seabrook, New Jersey, a produce work company camp. Drafted into the army in the 1950s, even though considered an illegal alien, and served in Germany. Raised a family in Chicago, Illinois, and San Jose, California after military discharge. In recent years, attended several pilgrimages to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as well as reunions of Japanese Peruvians. Involved in the Campaign for Justice, an effort to obtain redress for Japanese Latin Americans.","extent":"03:48:04","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-151","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":149,"namepart":"Art Shibayama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 26, 2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Art Shibayama narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-sart-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"149","model":"narrator","index":"17 167/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/149/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/149/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sart.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sart.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/149/interviews/"},"display_name":"Art Shibayama","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 6, 1930, in Callao, Peru. Grew up in Peru, raised by both parents and grandparents. During World War II, taken with parents to the United States on a U.S. troop transport ship. Lived in the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, until family moved to work at Seabrook, New Jersey, a produce work company camp. Drafted into the army in the 1950s, even though considered an illegal alien, and served in Germany. Raised a family in Chicago, Illinois, and San Jose, California after military discharge. In recent years, attended several pilgrimages to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as well as reunions of Japanese Peruvians. Involved in the Campaign for Justice, an effort to obtain redress for Japanese Latin Americans."},{"id":"321","model":"narrator","index":"18 168/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/321/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/321/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ayae.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ayae.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/321/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yae Aihara","bio":"Nisei female. Born August 18, 1925 in Tacoma, Washington. Raised in Seattle, Washington, where family operated a grocery store. Attended Washington Grammar School and Garfield High School in Seattle. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested by the FBI and sent to Missoula internment camp, Montana. Family was removed to Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. In 1943, father decided to repatriate to Japan. The family was transported to Ellis Island detention station to reunite with father and board a repatriation ship, the SS Gripsholm. Transferred to Crystal City internment camp, Texas, after being denied entry on SS Gripsholm. Remained in Crystal City for duration of the war. Resettled to Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles in 1946."},{"id":"546","model":"narrator","index":"19 169/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/546/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/546/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mramsay.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mramsay.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/546/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ramsay Yosuke Mori","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 23, 1933, in Tokyo, Japan. Moved with parents to Hawaii at a young age, and grew up in Honolulu, where family held a prominent position in the community. Just prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor, parents received a phone call from Japan, which was tapped by the FBI. The U.S. government misconstrued the conversation, and on December 7, 1941, they were picked up by the FBI and taken to Sand Island internment camp, Hawaii, and Crystal City internment camp, Texas. Mr. Mori was eight years old at the time, and spent the duration of World War II without his parents. After the war, served in the U.S. military and eventually established a career in the airline industry."},{"id":"117","model":"narrator","index":"20 170/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/117/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/117/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nbill.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nbill.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/117/interviews/"},"display_name":"Bill Nishimura","bio":"Nisei male, born June 21, 1920, in Compton, California. Raised on a farm in Lawndale, California. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, his father was picked up by FBI and detained at a Department of Justice (DOJ) internment camp in Lordsburg, New Mexico. His family voluntarily moved to Visalia, California, then was forcibly moved to Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Sent to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, as a result of answering \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questions.\" He renounced his U.S. citizenship in protest of the incarceration, and was transferred to the DOJ's Santa Fe internment camp, then to an Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) camp in Crystal City, Texas. After his release from Crystal City, he resettled in California. Mr. Nishimura regained his U.S. citizenship in 1953."},{"id":"909","model":"narrator","index":"21 171/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/909/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/909/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-461_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-461_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/909/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ronald Ikejiri","bio":"Sansei male. Born December 3, 1948, in Los Angeles, California. During World War II, parents had been incarcerated at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Father signed 'no-no' on the so-called 'loyalty questionnaire', renounced U.S. citizenship, and was sent to the Department of Justice camp at Bismarck, North Dakota. Family did not end up expatriating to Japan, and reunited instead at the Crystal City camp in Texas. After leaving camp, returned to California and started a gardening business in Gardena, California. Ronald attended UCLA and then graduated from the Northrop University School of Law. In the late 1970s, took a position as the Washington representative for the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), and worked during the redress movement. Elected to the Gardena City Council in 2001."},{"id":"ddr-densho-151-61","model":"entity","index":"22 172/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-151-61/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-151-61/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-61-mezzanine-ea18d12816-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-151/ddr-densho-151-61-mezzanine-ea18d12816-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Americans registering for mass removal","description":"Original WRA caption: Residents of Japanese ancestry appear for registration prior to evacuation. Evacuees will be housed in War Relocation Authority centers for the duration.\r\nUpdated Library of Congress summary: \"Photograph shows Shizuko Ina standing behind others waiting to be assigned a \"family number\" before being removed from their homes and incarcerated in a detention facility at Tanforan Racetrack. She was later moved with her husband, Itaru Ina (1914-1977) to a concentration camp in Topaz, Utah, and then to Tule Lake Segregation Center, near Newell in Northern California. The family was separated in July 1945 when Itaru was transferred to Fort Lincoln, a Department of Justice camp for \"enemy aliens\" in Bismarck, North Dakota, and reunited in April 1946 at Crystal City, Texas. (Source: Satsuki Ina, daughter of Shizuko Ina, February 2020).\"","extent":"Unknown","links_children":"ddr-densho-151-61","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Lange, Dorothea"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Preparation","id":"189"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr0085c3g","namepart":"Ina, Shizuko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pdm","genre":"photograph","location":"San Francisco, California","facility":[{"term":"Tanforan","id":"15"},{"term":"Tule Lake","id":"10"},{"term":"Topaz (Central Utah)","id":"1"},{"term":"Fort Lincoln (Bismarck)","id":"28"}],"creation":"Apr 25, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Lange, Dorothea photographer Ina, Shizuko 88922nr0085c3g","download_large":"ddr-densho-151-61-mezzanine-ea18d12816-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-54","model":"entity","index":"23 173/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-54/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-54/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-myoji-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-myoji-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Yoji J. Matsushima Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born January 31, 1933, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, where parents ran a general merchandise store. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp for the East Coast because parents wanted to repatriate to Japan. Did not secure a place on the USS Gripsholm, so remained in the United States and went to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas. After the war, returned to Portland.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:33:33","links_children":"ddr-one-7-54","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":761,"namepart":"Yoji J. Matsushima"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Valerie Otani"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Ian McCluskey"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005rd1j","namepart":"Matsushima, Yoji Julius"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Portland, Oregon","creation":"November 15, 2013","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yoji J. Matsushima narrator \nValerie Otani interviewer \nIan McCluskey videographer Matsushima, Yoji Julius 88922nr005rd1j","download_large":"denshovh-myoji-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-one-7-56","model":"entity","index":"24 174/{'value': 184, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-one-7-56/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-one-7-56/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-oetsuko-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-one-7/denshovh-oetsuko-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Etsuko Ichikawa Osaki Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born February 19, 1931, in Fresno, California. Family moved to Seattle, Washington, where father became minister of the Seattle Buddhist Temple. During the war, removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Transferred to the Crystal City internment camp, Texas, to be reunited with father, who was arrested by the FBI after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. After the war, returned to Seattle, where parents reestablished the Buddhist temple. Etsuko and her family eventually moved to Portland, Oregon.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:44:43","links_children":"ddr-one-7-56","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":763,"namepart":"Etsuko Ichikawa Osaki"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Valerie Otani"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Ian McCluskey"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015zx8t","namepart":"Ichikawa, Etsuko"}],"contributor":"Japanese American Museum of Oregon Collection","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Portland, Oregon","creation":"December 17, 2013","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Etsuko Ichikawa Osaki narrator \nValerie Otani interviewer \nIan McCluskey videographer Ichikawa, Etsuko 88922nr015zx8t","download_large":"denshovh-oetsuko-01-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Texas","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}