{"total":219,"limit":25,"offset":200,"prev_offset":175,"next_offset":null,"page_size":25,"this_page":9,"num_this_page":19,"prev_api":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/search/?fulltext=Tanforan Assembly Center, California&limit=25&offset=175","next_api":"","objects":[{"id":"1055","model":"narrator","index":"0 200/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1055/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1055/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-2_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-phljacl-1-2_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1055/interviews/"},"display_name":"Warren H. Watanabe","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 12, 1921, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in San Francisco, where father worked as the executive secretary of the Japanese Chamber of Commerce. During World War II, removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Left camp to attend college and the University of Chicago. Earned a PhD and entered academia at MIT before working for a chemical manufacturing company. Moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, married and raised a family."},{"id":"571","model":"narrator","index":"1 201/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/571/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/571/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/gjean.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/gjean.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/571/interviews/"},"display_name":"Jean Shiraki Gize","bio":"Nisei female. Born June 16, 1938, in Alameda, California. Was age three when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed with family to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, father volunteered for the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Mother answered an ad in the camp newspaper and moved with Jean to a ranch owned by the Duvenicks, a family known for their social justice activism. Eventually returned to the Oakland, California, area."},{"id":"915","model":"narrator","index":"2 202/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/915/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/915/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-468_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-468_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/915/interviews/"},"display_name":"Norm Hayashi","bio":"Sansei male. Born September 11, 1939, in Oakland, California. Grandfather, father, and other family members established a nursery business in San Francisco, California prior to World War II. During the war, removed with family to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. After the war, the family returned to San Francisco and reestablished the nursery. After going to college and living in Los Angeles for a number of years, Norm eventually returned to the family business."},{"id":"973","model":"narrator","index":"3 203/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/973/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/973/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-485_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-485_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/973/interviews/"},"display_name":"Yoshiye Handa Yasuda","bio":"Nisei female. Born August 26, 1934, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in San Francisco's Japantown neighborhood, where father ran a carpentry business. During World War II, removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. After leaving camp, returned to San Francisco with parents and finished high school. While still in school, worked for civil rights attorney Wayne Collins. Attended college in San Diego and became an occupational therapist, working with various groups, including psychiatric and geriatric patients."},{"id":"999","model":"narrator","index":"4 204/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/999/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/999/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-8_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-8_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/999/interviews/"},"display_name":"Judy Furuichi","bio":"Sansei female. Born December 27, 1942, in the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Prior to World War II, parents lived and worked in Alameda, California. During World War II, the family was sent to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. After the war, the family returned to Alameda, where Judy grew up. She lived and worked in San Francisco for a time, then eventually returned to Alameda, where the family had long been involved in the Japanese American community."},{"id":"313","model":"narrator","index":"5 205/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/313/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/313/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nted.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nted.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/313/interviews/"},"display_name":"Ted Nagata","bio":"Sansei male. Born October 5, 1935, in Santa Monica, California. Raised in Berkeley, California, where father worked as a salesman. Removed to Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Mother had difficult time in camp. Family was one of the last to leave Topaz. Resettled in Salt Lake City and, with sister, sent to St. Ann's Orphanage for one year. Attended West High School and University of Utah. Received Master's degree in commercial design. Operated successful graphic design firm in Salt Lake City until retirement."},{"id":"516","model":"narrator","index":"6 206/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/516/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/516/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mhikaru.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mhikaru.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/516/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hikaru Morohoshi","bio":"Kibei Nisei male. Born October 4, 1915, in Stockton, California. As a young child, sent to Japan to live with grandparents and attend school. Returned to California at age eighteen, and drafted into the U.S. military. Discharged from the army after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. Removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, Washington, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Answered \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and was transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving Tule Lake, lived in Maryland and Florida before eventually returning to California."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-181","model":"entity","index":"7 207/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-181/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-181/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kfred_g-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-kfred_g-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Fred Korematsu - Kathryn Korematsu Interview","description":"This interview centers on the experiences of Fred Korematsu, a Nisei born January 30, 1919, in Oakland, California. Mr. Korematsu was working as a welder in San Francisco when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. After Executive Order 9066 was issued in 1942, he decided to resist the evacuation orders, and was not removed with his family. He was arrested in May of 1942, taken to jail, and eventually transferred to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, where his family was being held. He legally challenged the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, and his case made it to the U.S. Supreme Court, which upheld the order in 1944. Following World War II, Mr. Korematsu moved to Detroit, Michigan, where he married and raised a family before returning to California. In the early 1980s, his case was reopened after the discovery of a crucial document indicating that in the original 1944 case, the federal government had lied to the high court. The conviction was vacated by U.S. District Judge Marilyn Hall Patel in 1983, and in 1998, Mr. Korematsu was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
(Due to technical difficulties and conditions at the time of taping, there is loud background noise in this interview.)","extent":"01:21:43","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-181","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":205,"namepart":"Fred Korematsu"},{"role":"narrator","oh_id":206,"namepart":"Kathryn Korematsu"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Lorraine Bannai"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tetsuden Kashima"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Matt Emery"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr008bb3x","namepart":"Korematsu, Fred Toyosaburo"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 14, 1996","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Korematsu narrator \nKathryn Korematsu narrator \nLorraine Bannai interviewer \nTetsuden Kashima interviewer \nMatt Emery videographer Korematsu, Fred Toyosaburo 88922nr008bb3x","download_large":"denshovh-kfred_g-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"522","model":"narrator","index":"8 208/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/522/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/522/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/htaneyuki.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/htaneyuki.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/522/interviews/"},"display_name":"Taneyuki Dan Harada","bio":"Kibei male. Born June 17, 1923, in Los Angeles, California. Grew up in Los Angeles before moving to Japan and attending school. Returned to the U.S. in 1938, and was attending high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, attended art school and developed skills as an artist. Answered \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" and was taken to Leupp Citizen Isolation Center, Arizona. Transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California, where he was placed in the stockade. Renounced U.S. citizenship, but regained it after the war. Returned to California after leaving camp."},{"id":"977","model":"narrator","index":"9 209/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/977/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/977/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-2_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-2_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/977/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenneth Narahara","bio":"Sansei male. Born December 16, 1936, in Oakland, California. Grew up in Alameda, California, where parents had a florist business. Immediately after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Japanese Americans were forced to leave Alameda, so the family split up and moved to Oakland. Removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. After leaving camp, temporarily lived in a Buddhist temple in Oakland before returning to Alameda, where father worked as a gardener and landscaper. Kenneth attended school in Alameda before graduating from business school and working for the Mitsui company in San Francisco."},{"id":"195","model":"narrator","index":"10 210/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/195/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tdave.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/195/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dave Tatsuno","bio":"Nisei male. Born March 31, 1913, in San Francisco, California. Spent difficult childhood years in San Francisco under care of a guardian while family lived in Japan. Graduated with a degree in business administration from the University of California at Berkeley before World War II. Removed to Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and then to Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in Topaz, was permitted to travel around the country as a buyer for the camp co-op store, and also obtained permission to shoot home movie footage from within the camp itself. After World War II, established the Nichibei Bussan Department Store in San Jose's Japantown."},{"id":"455","model":"narrator","index":"11 211/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/455/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/455/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfred_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hfred_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/455/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fred Y. Hoshiyama","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 7, 1914, in Livingston, California, where parents helped to establish a farming community called the Yamato Colony. Lost father at a young age, and moved to San Francisco, California, before World War II, and attended Berkeley. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in camp, worked to organize YMCA programs for Japanese American youths. Left camp early to attend Springfield College in Massachusetts. Began a lifelong career with the YMCA, notably developing NYPUM (National Youth Program Using Mini-Bikes), a program aimed at engaging high-risk youth in productive activities."},{"id":"979","model":"narrator","index":"12 212/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/979/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/979/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-3_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-ajah-1-3_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/979/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kenji Tomita","bio":"Nisei male. Born August 25, 1924, in Alameda, California. Grew up in Alameda, where father ran a food wholesaling business. Was in high school when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and the Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Left Topaz on student leave to attend the University of Cincinnati. Drafted into the military in 1944, and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan. After discharge, returned to the Bay Area, graduated from college with a business degree, and worked for the Department of Public Health. Longtime volunteer with the Japanese American Services of the East Bay."},{"id":"314","model":"narrator","index":"13 213/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/314/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/314/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ograce.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ograce.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/314/interviews/"},"display_name":"Grace F. Oshita","bio":"Nisei female. Born January 2, 1925, in San Francisco, California. Spent childhood in San Francisco where family operated successful miso factory and grocery store. Father arrested by FBI in February 1942 and sent to Fort Lincoln internment camp, North Dakota. Family removed to Tanforan Assembly Center and Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Graduated from Topaz High School in 1943. Family resettled in Salt Lake City and reestablished the miso factory. Worked as office manager at miso factory until it was sold in the 1980s. Has been speaking to school groups about camp experience for the past 40 years."},{"id":"178","model":"narrator","index":"14 214/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/178/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/178/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/atom.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/atom.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/178/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tom Akashi","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 7, 1929, in Merced, California. Grew up in Mount Eden, California, and was removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Incarcerated at the Topaz concentration camp in Utah, then moved to Tule Lake concentration camp after family volunteered to move to Japan. While at Tule Lake, joined a pro-Japan organization created by father, the Sokoku Kenkyu Seinen Dan, (Young Men's Association for the Study of the Motherland). Renounced U.S. citizenship and expatriated to Japan with parents and siblings in 1945. Lived and worked in Japan until 1948, when returned to the United States. Author of Betrayed Trust: The Story of a Deported Issei and His American-Born Family During WWII, published in 2004."},{"id":"335","model":"narrator","index":"15 215/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/335/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/335/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hnorman.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hnorman.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/335/interviews/"},"display_name":"Norman I. Hirose","bio":"Nisei male. Born June 22, 1926, in Oakland, California. Grew up in Oakland and Berkeley, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with family to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and Topaz concentration camp, Utah. Signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire\" in 1943 because of mother's wish to have the family move to Japan. Due to father's health, the family did not go to Japan, but Mr. Hirose was one of very few Nisei to be sent to the Santa Fe Department of Justice internment camp in New Mexico. After being released from Santa Fe, was drafted and served in the U.S. Army in Germany. Moved to Japan in 1950, where he taught at U.S. army schools. Married and raised a son in Japan, living there for thirty-seven years before returning to live in Berkeley, California."},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-1","model":"entity","index":"16 216/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-kfred-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-kfred-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Fred Korematsu Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born January 30, 1919, in Oakland, California. Mr. Korematsu was working as a welder in San Francisco when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. After Executive Order 9066 was issued in 1942, he decided to resist the evacuation orders, and was not removed with his family. He was arrested in May of 1942, taken to jail, and eventually transferred to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, where his family was being held. He legally challenged the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, and his case made it to the U.S. Supreme Court, which upheld the order in 1944. Following World War II, Mr. Korematsu moved to Detroit, Michigan, where he married and raised a family before returning to California. In the early 1980s, his case was reopened after the discovery of a crucial document indicating that in the original 1944 case, the federal government had lied to the high court. The conviction was vacated by U.S. District Judge Marilyn Hall Patel in 1983, and in 1998, Mr. Korematsu was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
(This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:13:52","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":205,"namepart":"Fred Korematsu"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr008bb3x","namepart":"Korematsu, Fred Toyosaburo"}],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"November 15, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fred Korematsu narrator Korematsu, Fred Toyosaburo 88922nr008bb3x","download_large":"denshovh-kfred-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"52","model":"narrator","index":"17 217/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/52/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/52/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmitsue.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmitsue.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/52/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mitsue Matsui","bio":"Nisei female. Born November 3, 1918, in San Francisco, California. As a young woman, entire family visited Japan for ten months, where she acquired the skill of Japanese typing at the Kumahira Typist Yoseisho in Hiroshima. Returned to the U.S. with most of her family (eldest brother remained in Japan) and was working at the Japanese Chamber of Commerce in San Francisco when the U.S. entered World War II. Was incarcerated with the family at Tanforan Assembly Center, San Bruno, California and Topaz concentration camp, Utah. After spending a year at Topaz, was able to secure employment as a Japanese typist at the Military Intelligence Service Language School (MISLS), Camp Savage and Fort Snelling, Minnesota. Soon thereafter, was temporarily assigned as secretary to Mr. John F. Aiso and remained in that capacity until Major Aiso received orders to go overseas. Married a MISLS instructor, and went again to Japan postwar during her husband's service in the U.S. occupation forces."},{"id":"205","model":"narrator","index":"18 218/{'value': 219, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/205/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/205/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kfred.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kfred.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/205/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fred Korematsu","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 30, 1919, in Oakland, California. Mr. Korematsu was working as a welder in San Francisco when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. After Executive Order 9066 was issued in 1942, he decided to resist the evacuation orders, and was not removed with his family. He was arrested in May of 1942, taken to jail, and eventually transferred to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, where his family was being held. He legally challenged the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066, and his case made it to the U.S. Supreme Court, which upheld the order in 1944. Following World War II, Mr. Korematsu moved to Detroit, Michigan, where he married and raised a family before returning to California. In the early 1980s, his case was reopened after the discovery of a crucial document indicating that in the original 1944 case, the federal government had lied to the high court. The conviction was vacated by U.S. District Judge Marilyn Hall Patel in 1983, and in 1998, Mr. Korematsu was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Tanforan Assembly Center, California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}