(William Toshio Yasutake was interviewed together with his sister Mitsuye (Yasutake) Yamada and surviving brother, Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. He was interviewed individually on November 14, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.)","extent":"04:04:06","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-138","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":131,"namepart":"Tosh Yasutake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 14, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tosh Yasutake narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ytosh-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-117","model":"entity","index":"5 4880/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-117/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-117/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-fjoseph-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-fjoseph-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Joseph Frisino Interview","description":"Male of Italian and Irish descent. Born 1919 in Baltimore, Maryland. Grew up in the countryside outside of Baltimore with his parents, younger sister, and maternal grandmother. Raised Catholic, he attended public schools until graduating in 1936 at age seventeen. Began working for the Baltimore News Post in 1937 until the draft of 1940 when he was called to serve one year in the U.S. armed forces. Joined the army at the age of twenty-one, well aware of Hitler's aggression in Europe and fairly certain the U.S. would have to join the war effort to stop him. Went through basic training and was just 2 months away from being discharged at the time of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Mr. Frisino shares his memories of the day Pearl Harbor was bombed and his own personal reaction to the bombing. Went through training as a radio operator, met and married his wife, Harriette, and went through rigorous Officer Candidate School before being shipped overseas to fight for 2 years in the jungles of Burma as a communications supply officer. In 1945, returned home to his wife in Seattle, Washington and began his career at the Seattle Post-Intelligencer where he worked for over 50 years. In this interview, Mr. Frisino shares the memories of his own life, as well as his perspective on issues of race and ethnicity.(Mr. Frisino was suffering from a slight cough during the two days of this interview.)","extent":"03:56:21","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-117","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":115,"namepart":"Joseph Frisino"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Jenna Brostrom"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Stephen Fugita"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"June 20-21, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Joseph Frisino narrator \nJenna Brostrom interviewer \nStephen Fugita interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-fjoseph-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1024-30","model":"entity","index":"6 4881/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1024-30/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1024-30/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-30-mezzanine-633fb83731-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1024/ddr-densho-1024-30-mezzanine-633fb83731-a.jpg"},"title":"Day of Remembrance","description":"Documentary film by Cynthia Gates Fujikawa consisting of highlights from 2003 Day of Remembrance (DoR) commemorations in New York, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Seattle, and Honolulu, all of which highlight the parallels between what happened to Japanese Americans in 1942 and what was then happening to Arab and Muslim Americans in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks. The film also includes brief interviews with some of the event organizers and excerpts from press conferences organized in reaction to remarks defending the roundup and imprisonment of Japanese Americans by North Carolina Congressman Howard Coble two weeks prior to the DoRs. Highlighted speakers include Hakim Oaunsafi, Muslim Association of Hawai'i; Nadine Hamoui, whose family in the Seattle area were imprisoned by the INS in 2002; Salam Al-Marayati, executive director of the Muslim Public Affairs Council; legal scholar Chris Iijima; Congressman Mike Honda ; and civil rights attorney Dale Minami .\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Densho Resource Guide at: Day of Remembrance.\r\n\r\nSee this item in the Digital Library of the Japanese American Incarceration Films at: https://archive.org/details/ddr-densho-1024-30.","extent":"00:15:40","links_children":"ddr-densho-1024-30","creators":[{"role":"filmmaker","namepart":"Fujikawa, Cynthia Gates"}],"topics":[{"term":"Reflections on the past -- Days of remembrance","id":"393"}],"format":"av","contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"motion_picture","creation":"2003","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Fujikawa, Cynthia Gates filmmaker","download_large":"ddr-densho-1024-30-mezzanine-633fb83731-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-25-7","model":"entity","index":"7 4882/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-25-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-25-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-25/ddr-csujad-25-7-mezzanine-f10fa09afe-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-25/ddr-csujad-25-7-mezzanine-f10fa09afe-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese men and women","description":"A page from an album containing Japanese family photographs. Four photographs are pasted on the page. All photographs appear to be taken in Washington in the early 1900s. Include Japanese men in suits and women in western dress. Also include a photograph of Monrore Street Bridge in front of Washington Water Power Co. in Spokane, Washington. Another photograph in which three Japanese men in suits are standing on the bridge appears to be taken at the Washington Park Arboretum, Seattle, Washington. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: jia_07_01_007","extent":"black and white","links_children":"ddr-csujad-25-7","topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- Washington","id":"290"},{"term":"Community activities -- Recreational activities -- Picnics","id":"311"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Issei","id":"43"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- Nevada","id":"501"},{"term":"Identity and values -- Women","id":"515"}],"format":"img","contributor":"Department of Special Research Collections, UC Santa Barbara Library","rights":"nocc","genre":"album","location":"[Seattle, Washington]","creation":"1900-1939","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-csujad-25-7-mezzanine-f10fa09afe-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-7-7","model":"entity","index":"8 4883/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-7-7/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-7-7/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-7/ddr-densho-7-7-mezzanine-2e70fbb16f-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-7/ddr-densho-7-7-mezzanine-2e70fbb16f-a.jpg"},"title":"WRA resettlement image","description":"Original WRA caption: Here is a corner view of the spacious living room in the home of the Kaneko and the Isoda families who have resettled in Milwaukee. Mrs. Tei Kaneko is opening her knitting bag while on the floor (left to right) are Robin Isoda, 2-1/2 -year-old son of Mr. and Mrs. Georg[e] Isoda, and Wayne Kaneko, 2-1/2-year-old son of the Kaneko's. The Kanekos are formerly from Hunt Relocation Center and before evacuation lived in Seattle, Washington. Beginning in summer 1942, the War Relocation Authority (WRA) began to release incarcerees and encouraged them to resettle in areas of the United States other than the West Coast.","extent":"2108W x 1652H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-7-7","topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Kaneko, Tei"},{"namepart":"Isoda, George"},{"namepart":"Kaneko, Wayne"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Milwaukee, Wisconsin","creation":"1944","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Kaneko, Tei \nIsoda, George \nKaneko, Wayne","download_large":"ddr-densho-7-7-mezzanine-2e70fbb16f-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-14-11","model":"entity","index":"9 4884/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-14-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-14-11/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-14/ddr-pc-14-11-mezzanine-5c344825a2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-14/ddr-pc-14-11-mezzanine-5c344825a2-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 15 No. 8 (July 23, 1942)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Japanese 'Fifth Column' in Hawaii Proven Myth. Noted War Writer Finds Rumors Of Sabotage Unfounded; Says Nisei Good American Citizens\" (p. 1), \"Nisei Charges 'Detention' in Center Illegal\" (p. 1), \"WRA Aware of Responsibility For Protecting Nisei Rights\" (p. 1), \"Post Final Orders For Evacuation in California\" (p. 2), \"Seattle Judge Indicates Verdict Will Uphold Evacuation Order\" (p. 3), \"Nisei Leaders Meet With New WRA Director\" (p. 3), \"Sakamoto Asks Action to Defeat Senate Concentration Camp Bill\" (p. 5), \"Manzanar Press Will Be Printed In Tabloid Form\" (p. 8), \"Army Ban Lifted To Allow Medical Care for Nisei\" (p. 8), \"Despondency Over Evacuation Drives Woman to Suicide\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-14-11","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"July 23, 1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-14-11-mezzanine-5c344825a2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-15-48","model":"entity","index":"10 4885/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-48/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-15-48/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-48-mezzanine-f865288a6e-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-48-mezzanine-f865288a6e-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 17 No. 23 (December 11, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Military 'Fluke' Gave Army's Japanese American Battalion Chance to Fight on Italy Front\" (p. 1), \"Report Rivers Evacuee Shot By Army Sentry. Refused to Answer Challenge of Soldier, Says WRA Official\" (p. 1), \"Japanese American Woman, Wife of Chinese, Receives Permission to Return Home. Reported First Nisei To Win Right to Reenter Seattle Region\" (p. 3), \"The Evacuation Test Case: Coast Federal Appeals Court Upholds Legality of Military Order in Korematsu Case\" (p. 5), \"Dillon Myer Expresses WRA Hope of Relocating 70,000 Eligible Evacuees in 1944. Relocation Director Singles Out Hearst Papers For Inflammatory Articles on Japanese Americans Story of Tule Lake Affair Told in New York City\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-15-48","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"December 11, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-15-48-mezzanine-f865288a6e-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-15-21","model":"entity","index":"11 4886/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-15-21/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-15-21/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-21-mezzanine-a0057d5a37-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-15/ddr-pc-15-21-mezzanine-a0057d5a37-a.jpg"},"title":"The Pacific Citizen, Vol. 16 No. 21 (May 27, 1943)","description":"Selected article titles: \"General Emmons to Succeed Gen. DeWitt, Representative from California, 'Understands'\" (p. 1), \"Dies Committee Opens Attack On Japanese American Loyalty\" (p. 1), \"Mrs. Roosevelt For Equality on Immigration Laws\" (p. 1), \"Utah Senator Expresses Faith in Ability of Nisei Soldiers\" (p. 1), \"California War Council Adopts Resolution Opposing Return Of Evacuees for Duration of War\" (p. 2), \"JACL Leaders Meet With War Department, WRA Officials\" (p. 3), \"Wirin Reports Supreme Court Hearings on Evacuation Cases\" (p. 3), \"Camp Shelby Troops Reported Setting Fast Pace for Officers\" (p. 3), \"IPR Research Associate Surveys History of Nisei Problems; Discusses Outlook for Future\" (p. 5), \"Seattle NAACP Hears Report On Court Hearing; Gives Aid\" (p. 8).","extent":"Pacific Citizen","links_children":"ddr-pc-15-21","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"The Japanese American Citizens League"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Salt Lake City, Utah","creation":"May 27, 1943","status":"completed","search_hidden":"The Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-15-21-mezzanine-a0057d5a37-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-42-3","model":"entity","index":"12 4887/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-42-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-42-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-3-mezzanine-7beec8b927-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-42/ddr-pc-42-3-mezzanine-7beec8b927-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 70, No. 3 (January 23, 1970)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Monterey Park Orientals may challenge school desegregation\" (p. 1), \"Nat'l JACL Youth Services Staff Reorganized\" (p. 1), \"Pasadena City Fathers Skirt Action on Title II Resolution\" (p. 1), \"Need for community center in San Francisco J-town under study\" (p. 1), \"Church, civil liberties groups support JACL campaign to rid detention law\" (p. 1), \"Alien engineers for City of Seattle bumped by engineers with citizenship\" (p. 1), \"'Green Says Go' author grateful to JACL for citing slur\" (p. 2), \"10,000 Hosokawa books sold, Chicago crew awaits 2nd printing to fulfill current orders\" (p. 3), \"Asian American study courses OK'd for Berkeley city school curriculum\" (p. 5), \"Berkeley Asians unite to solve school problems\" (p. 6).","extent":"15W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-42-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"},{"term":"Activism and involvement -- Civil rights","id":"234"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"Education -- Higher education","id":"34"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Enomoto, Jerry"},{"namepart":"Kumamoto, Alan F."},{"namepart":"Tsuji, Kenryu"},{"namepart":"Masaoka, Mike"},{"namepart":"Yamaguma, Takito"},{"namepart":"Hamanaka, Joe"},{"namepart":"Hosokawa, Bill"},{"namepart":"Shimizu, Sumi"},{"namepart":"Araki, George"},{"namepart":"Yoshida, Roy"},{"namepart":"Hisata, Tom"},{"namepart":"Tominaga, V."},{"namepart":"Tanaka, George"},{"namepart":"Gima, Richard"},{"namepart":"Okamura, Ray"},{"namepart":"Sakamoto, Frank"},{"namepart":"Fukuda, Nobusuke"}],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"January 23, 1970","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League author Enomoto, Jerry \nKumamoto, Alan F. \nTsuji, Kenryu \nMasaoka, Mike \nYamaguma, Takito \nHamanaka, Joe \nHosokawa, Bill \nShimizu, Sumi \nAraki, George \nYoshida, Roy \nHisata, Tom \nTominaga, V. \nTanaka, George \nGima, Richard \nOkamura, Ray \nSakamoto, Frank \nFukuda, Nobusuke","download_large":"ddr-pc-42-3-mezzanine-7beec8b927-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-10-11","model":"entity","index":"13 4888/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-10-11/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-10-11/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-10/ddr-densho-10-11-mezzanine-5025eff65b-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-10/ddr-densho-10-11-mezzanine-5025eff65b-a.jpg"},"title":"Issei waiting to receive their redress checks","description":"Four Issei, all at least 100 years of age, waiting to receive their redress checks at the Nisei Veterans Hall in Seattle, Washington. Left to right: Mr. Katsuo, Ms. Wakamatsu, Mr. Ishimitsu, and Mr. Nakagawa. The fifth Issei recipient, Mr. Frank Yatsu, is not pictured. The man standing behind Ms. Wakamatsu is unidentified. The Civil Liberties Act of 1988 was enacted to redress the wrongs committed by the U.S. government against Japanese Americans during World War II. The act called for a formal, written apology from the president and $20,000 in compensation to each surviving camp inmate. The recommendations were made by the government-appointed Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians.","extent":"2660W x 1582H (pixels)","links_children":"ddr-densho-10-11","creators":[{"role":"photographer","namepart":"Yanagihara, Akio"}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Receiving redress checks and apology","id":"117"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"pcc","genre":"photograph","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"October 1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Yanagihara, Akio photographer","download_large":"ddr-densho-10-11-mezzanine-5025eff65b-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-342","model":"entity","index":"14 4889/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-342/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-342/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hmargaret-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hmargaret-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Margaret Junko Morita Hiratsuka Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born July 22, 1928, in Seattle, Washington. Father ran a prominent hotel which was frequently patronized by visiting Japanese dignitaries. Father was picked up by the FBI on December 7, 1941. During the war, removed with family to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, moved to Denver, Colorado, eventually settling in Chicago, Illinois.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:17:07","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-342","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":579,"namepart":"Margaret Junko Morita Hiratsuka"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr005sm0d","namepart":"Morita, Margaret Junko"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Skokie, Illinois","creation":"June 15, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Margaret Junko Morita Hiratsuka narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Morita, Margaret Junko 88922nr005sm0d","download_large":"denshovh-hmargaret-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-358","model":"entity","index":"15 4890/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-358/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-358/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-nroy-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-nroy-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Roy Nakagawa Interview","description":"Nisei male. Born December 28, 1916, in Missoula, Montana. Spent early part of childhood in Montana, where parents ran a farm. Moved with family to Seattle, Washington, finished school, and attended the University of Washington. Moved to the Los Angeles area for work. During World War II, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, worked in Chicago and Wisconsin before eventually returning to Los Angeles.
(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"02:57:38","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-358","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":591,"namepart":"Roy Nakagawa"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr013012r","namepart":"Nakagawa, Roy"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 20, 2011","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roy Nakagawa narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer Nakagawa, Roy 88922nr013012r","download_large":"denshovh-nroy-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-192","model":"entity","index":"16 4891/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-192/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-192/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-osumi-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-osumi-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Sumi Okamoto Interview","description":"Nisei female. Born January 7, 1920, in Seattle, Washington. Spent childhood in Spokane, Washington, where father worked for the Alaska Junk Company. Attended Irving Grade School and Lewis & Clark High School. Wedding took place on December 7, 1941, the day of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. Husband passed away in 1946, and Ms. Okamoto worked as a secretary for the State of Washington while raising three children. In later life, active with the Highland Park Methodist Church where she had been the organist since 1934.
(This interview was conducted as part of a project to capture stories of the Japanese American community of Spokane, Washington. Densho worked in collaboration with the Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture.)","extent":"01:22:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-192","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":217,"namepart":"Sumi Okamoto"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Megan Asaka"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Spokane, Washington","creation":"April 26, 2006","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Sumi Okamoto narrator \nMegan Asaka interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-osumi-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-493-8","model":"entity","index":"17 4892/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-493-8/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-493-8/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-493/ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg"},"title":"Kuni Itabashi passport","description":"Passport of Kuni Itabashi, \"Returning Emigrant,\" permitting her to pass from Japan to the U.S.A. Page 1 is entirely in Japanese, page 2 features a passport photo stamped by the Imperial Japanese Government and stamps reading \"SEEN at the American Consulate at Kobe, Japan, March 24, 1920\" \"U.S. Immigration Service SEATTLE, WASH. ADMITTED Date APR 15, 1920 S. S. Chicago Maru. Trent Doser Immigrant Inspector\" as well as two $1 fee stamps. Page 3 is a translation of the passport text, stamped by Viscount Yasuyo Uchida. Lists her name and the date of March 24, 1920, her domicile as Hiroshima-Ken and her relationship of wife to Buichiro Itabashi, as well as age, height, and distinctive fingerprint patterns.","extent":"7.75W x 10.25H (closed); 15.5W x 10.25G","links_children":"ddr-densho-493-8","creators":[{"role":"creator","namepart":"Imperial Japanese Government"}],"topics":[{"term":"Immigration and citizenship -- Arrival","id":"4"}],"format":"doc","language":["jpn","eng","fre"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr015z80f \"Mary\"","namepart":"Itabashi, Kuni"},{"nr_id":"88922/nr014f286","namepart":"Itabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\""},{"namepart":"Uchida, Yasuya"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Kobe, Japan","creation":"March 24, 1920","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Imperial Japanese Government creator Itabashi, Kuni 88922nr015z80f \"Mary\"\nItabashi, Buichiro \"Johnny\" 88922nr014f286\nUchida, Yasuya","download_large":"ddr-densho-493-8-mezzanine-7cc79df8b0-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-122","model":"collection","index":"18 4893/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-122/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-122/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-122/ddr-densho-122-1-mezzanine-b48f61f0af-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-122/ddr-densho-122-1-mezzanine-b48f61f0af-a.jpg"},"title":"Frank Abe Collection","description":"Accession 1: The Frank Abe Collection consists of three photographs from the Heart Mountain draft resistance movement. Included are two photographs of the trial of the Heart Mountain draft resisters and one photograph of Fair Play Committee leader Frank Emi. All photographs are from the website www.resisters.com. This website is a companion to the documentary Conscience and the Constitution, which presents the story of the draft resistance movement at Heart Mountain concentration camp, Wyoming. Accession 2: Professional papers and research material created and collected by Frank Abe relating to Japanese-American redress and reparations, the development of Days of Remembrance in Seattle and Portland, and the production of Abe's documentary Conscience and the Constitution.","extent":"Accession 1: 3 black and white photographic prints; 26 oral history interviews. Accession 2: five bankers boxes, one plastic file box and one oversize flat box, approximately 8 linear feet.","links_children":"ddr-densho-122","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-122-1-mezzanine-b48f61f0af-a.jpg"},{"id":"19","model":"narrator","index":"19 4894/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgordon.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hgordon.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/19/interviews/"},"display_name":"Gordon Hirabayashi","bio":"Nisei male. Born April 23, 1918, in Seattle, Washington. Spent most of his childhood in Thomas, Washington, where his parents were part of a Christian farming co-op. Attended the University of Washington where he was active in the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), the conscientious objector movement, and became a Quaker. At the outbreak of World War II, he was one of only a handful of individuals to challenge the curfew and removal orders being enforced against Japanese on the West Coast, citing \"Christian principles,\" and asserting \"a duty to maintain the democratic standards for which this nation lives.\" He turned himself in to the FBI, was found guilty, and served time for violating the curfew order, and failing to report for \"evacuation.\" While serving time for this conviction, Gordon was served with a draft notice and again, refused to comply. He subsequently served another period of time as a draft resister. In 1943 the Supreme Court upheld his convictions. In 1983, a team of attorneys filed a petition for writ of error coram nobis in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington in Seattle. Gordon's convictions surrounding the incarceration were vacated by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on September 24, 1987, which argued in part that, \"racial bias was the cornerstone of the internment orders.\""},{"id":"115","model":"narrator","index":"20 4895/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/115/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/115/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fjoseph.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/fjoseph.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/115/interviews/"},"display_name":"Joseph Frisino","bio":"Male of Italian and Irish descent. Born 1919 in Baltimore, Maryland. Grew up in the countryside outside of Baltimore with his parents, younger sister, and maternal grandmother. Raised Catholic, he attended public schools until graduating in 1936 at age seventeen. Began working for the Baltimore News Post in 1937 until the draft of 1940 when he was called to serve one year in the U.S. armed forces. Joined the army at the age of twenty-one, well aware of Hitler's aggression in Europe and fairly certain the U.S. would have to join the war effort to stop him. Went through basic training and was just 2 months away from being discharged at the time of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Mr. Frisino shares his memories of the day Pearl Harbor was bombed and his own personal reaction to the bombing. Went through training as a radio operator, met and married his wife, Harriette, and went through rigorous Officer Candidate School before being shipped overseas to fight for 2 years in the jungles of Burma as a communications supply officer. In 1945, returned home to his wife in Seattle, Washington and began his career at the Seattle Post-Intelligencer where he worked for over 50 years. In this interview, Mr. Frisino shares the memories of his own life, as well as his perspective on issues of race and ethnicity."},{"id":"1030","model":"narrator","index":"21 4896/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1030/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1030/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-30_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-30_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1030/interviews/"},"display_name":"Theo Bickel","bio":"Elaine Kim and Joy Misako St. Germain interviewed Theo Bickel. Theo's introduction to JACL was as an intern at the National JACL. At a JACL National Convention in Las Vegas, Bill Tashima invited Theo to work with and collaborate with the Seattle JACL Chapter. Theo's focus has been to strengthen communications among JACL members, executive JACL leadership and to encourage community engagement in the work on civil rights and social justice. Theo reflected on one of the most meaningful events for which he helped coordinate which was alongside the Puyallup Valley JACL chapter the 75th anniversary of the Puyallup assembly center, \"Camp Harmony,\" an event that reconnected different generations of Japanese Americans to the site of Camp Harmony where many individuals shared stories which helps with healing through the trauma that incarceration created within the fairground during WWII. Theo shared his thoughts about the importance of the JACL and activism in the fight for justice and eradicating hate created by prejudice. The Seattle JACL chapter serves as a strong platform for making genuine connections with authentic individuals who are committed to enacting social change for the Japanese American, BIPOC and immigrant communities. While many dear JACL friends and colleagues have passed, Theo expressed confidence that the future of the chapter can be transformative in ways that cannot be compared to the past."},{"id":"207","model":"narrator","index":"22 4897/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/207/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/207/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mgeorge_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/207/interviews/"},"display_name":"George Morihiro","bio":"Nisei male. Born September 19, 1924, in Tacoma, Washington, and spent childhood in Fife, Washington. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Drafted into the army in 1944 and joined the 442nd Regimental Combat Team in Europe. Awarded the Purple Heart for actions in the Battle of the Gothic Line. After the war, briefly resettled in Fife before going to the East Coast to attend photography school. Worked for Tall's Camera in Seattle, Washington for many years. Currently speaks to many school groups and community organizations about wartime experiences."},{"id":"242","model":"narrator","index":"23 4898/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/242/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/242/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/klarry.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/klarry.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/242/interviews/"},"display_name":"Larry \"Shorty\" Kazumura","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 7, 1920, in Mountain View, Hawaii. Grew up in Hawaii, where parents ran a sugar cane plantation. Was working hauling lumber when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Was not dismissed from work like other Japanese Americans, and was required to clean up the aftermath of the bombing. Volunteered for the army, and although under five feet tall, was able to enlist on account of a paperwork mistake. Served in Italy, and received a Bronze Star for saving the life of a fellow soldier. After discharge, married and eventually settled in Seattle, Washington."},{"id":"1023","model":"narrator","index":"24 4899/{'value': 5114, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1023/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1023/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-22_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-sjacl-2-22_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1023/interviews/"},"display_name":"Phil Hayasaka","bio":"In this interview, Camila Nakashima and Bill Tashima interviewed Lois Hayasaka, widow of the late Phil Hayasaka, Seattle JACL Chapter President in 1961. Hayasaka was a visionary leader who fiercely advocated for JACL to advocate for all people in the 1960's civil rights struggles. As chair of the Chapter's Civil Rights and Human Rights committee and through programs educating our members and speaking out for other, Hayasaka led the Chapter in \"raising our voice.\" As the first Asian American City Department Chair, Hayasaka authored Seattle's Open Housing ordinance which later would become a model for the country."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Seattle","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}