William Toshio Yasutake was interviewed together with his sister Mitsuye (Yasutake) Yamada and surviving brother, Joseph Yasutake, in group sessions on October 8-9, 2002. He was interviewed individually on November 14, 2002.
Before being contacted by Densho, the Yasutake siblings had planned to conduct their own family history interviews. Individually and jointly, they and other family members had written and gathered material documenting their family history. They shared much of this with me to assist with research and preparation for the Densho interview. Mitsuye's daughter Jeni had coordinated much of the family history work. Jeni participated as a secondary interviewer during the group sessions, October 8-9, 2002.The group interview sessions were conducted in Seattle at the home of Tom Ikeda, executive director of Densho. The oldest Yasutake sibling, Reverend Seiichi Michael Yasutake, had passed away less than a year before the Densho interviewing, in December, 2001. The remaining siblings emphasized that his absence left a gap in their discussion of family history. In addition to Jeni Yamada and videographers Dana Hoshide and John Pai, also present during some portions of the group interview were Tom Ikeda, and Mitsuye Yamada's son Kai Yamada.","extent":"00:08:15","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-138-39","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":131,"namepart":"Tosh Yasutake"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"November 14, 2002","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tosh Yasutake narrator \nAlice Ito interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ytosh-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"361","model":"narrator","index":"8 4733/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/361/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/361/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/akay.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/akay.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/361/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kay Aiko Abe","bio":"Nisei female. Born May 9, 1927, in Selleck, Washington. Spent much of childhood in Beaverton, Oregon, where father owned a farm. Influenced at an early age by parents' conversion to Christianity. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war, worked to establish a successful volunteer program to feed the homeless in Seattle, Washington."},{"id":"1017","model":"narrator","index":"9 4734/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1017/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1017/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-527_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-527_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1017/interviews/"},"display_name":"Karen Yoshitomi","bio":"Sansei female. Born 1962 in Spokane, Washington. Father was born in British Columbia, Canada, and mother was born in Thomas, Washington. Grew up in the Tacoma, Washington, area, before eventually moving to Portland, Oregon, and then Seattle, Washington. Graduated from the University of Washington. Became regional director for the Japanese American Citizens League, and then Executive Director of the Japanese Cultural and Community Center of Washington."},{"id":"885","model":"narrator","index":"10 4735/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/885/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/885/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hlillian.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hlillian.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/885/interviews/"},"display_name":"Lillian Horita","bio":"Nisei female. Born November 9, 1929, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland, where parents ran a cleaning business. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, then to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Transferred to the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left camp to attend school in Des Moines, Iowa, before eventually returning to the West Coast and living in Seattle."},{"id":"860","model":"narrator","index":"11 4736/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/860/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/860/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/yeiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/860/interviews/"},"display_name":"Eiko Yamaichi","bio":"Nisei female. Born October 25, 1924, in Seattle, Washington. Grew up in Snoqualmie, Washington, where father worked for the Weyerhaeuser company before the war. During World War II, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Later transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, and the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, worked in domestic service in California."},{"id":"ddr-densho-349-46","model":"entity","index":"12 4737/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-349-46/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-349-46/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-349/ddr-densho-349-46-mezzanine-ff0159dcb2-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-349/ddr-densho-349-46-mezzanine-ff0159dcb2-a.jpg"},"title":"Japanese Passport for Masa Kosai with stamps for entry at Seattle, Washington on October 23, 1918, January 21, 1921, February 10, 1926, September 21, 1938, May 18, 1941","description":"Original Japanese document and English and French translations","extent":"8W x 10H","links_children":"ddr-densho-349-46","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Imperial Japanese Government"}],"topics":[{"term":"Immigration and citizenship","id":"1"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng","jpn","fre"],"persons":[{"namepart":"Kosai, Masa"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"misc_document","creation":"10/23/1918","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Imperial Japanese Government author Kosai, Masa","download_large":"ddr-densho-349-46-mezzanine-ff0159dcb2-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-274","model":"collection","index":"13 4738/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-274/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-274/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-274/ddr-densho-274-1-mezzanine-38c8a21020-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-274/ddr-densho-274-1-mezzanine-38c8a21020-a.jpg"},"title":"Shosuke Sasaki Collection","description":"This collection consists of documents from the personal collection of Mr. Shosuke Sasaki, an Issei who immigrated to the U.S. in 1919. During World War II he was incarcerated in Minidoka, Idaho, and later worked for Standard & Poor's financial institution for many years. His papers document his work with Minidoka's Welfare Department, as well as his prominent role in formulating the \"Seattle Plan\" for redress in the early 1970s. Mr. Sasaki also led an effort to eliminate the perjorative use of the word \"Jap\" in print media.","extent":"194 documents","links_children":"ddr-densho-274","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"","download_large":"ddr-densho-274-1-mezzanine-38c8a21020-a.jpg"},{"id":"135","model":"narrator","index":"14 4739/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/135/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/135/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sroger.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/sroger.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/135/interviews/"},"display_name":"Roger Shimomura","bio":"Roger Shimomura's paintings, prints, and theater pieces address sociopolitical issues of Asian America. The inspiration for many of his works are the diaries kept by his late immigrant grandmother for fifty-six years. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of Washington in Seattle, and his graduate degree from Syracuse University, New York. Shimomura has had more than 100 solo exhibitions of his paintings and prints, and has presented his experimental theater pieces at such venues as the Franklin Furnace, New York; Walker Art Center, Minneapolis; and the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. He is the recipient of four National Endowment for the Arts Fellowships in painting and performance art, a McKnight Fellowship, and a Civil Liberties Public Education Fund Fellowship. He was the first artist to be awarded an international Japan Foundation Grant, as well as the first in the state to receive the Kansas Arts Commission Artist Fellowship in Painting. In fall 1990, Shimomura was appointed the Dayton Hudson Distinguished Visiting Professor at Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota. Professor Shimomura has lectured on his work at more than 160 universities and art museums across the United States. In 1994 he was designated a University Distinguished Professor on the University of Kansas faculty, the first so honored in the history of the School of Fine Arts at that campus. In 1998, he received the Higuchi Research Prize, the highest annual honor bestowed on a Kansas University faculty member in the Humanities and Social Sciences. In 1999, the Seattle Urban League named a scholarship for him that is awarded annually to a Seattle resident pursuing a career in art. The College Art Association presented him with the Artist Award for Most Distinguished Body of Work for 2001, in recognition of his four-year, twelve-museum national tour of the painting exhibition An American Diary. Shimomura's personal papers are being collected by the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. He is represented by Jeffrey Hoffeld & Company, Inc., New York; Jan Cicero Gallery, Chicago; Jan Weiner Gallery, Kansas City; Bernice Steinbaum Gallery, Miami; and Greg Kucera Gallery, Seattle."},{"id":"255","model":"narrator","index":"15 4740/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/255/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/255/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/szen.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/szen.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/255/interviews/"},"display_name":"Zen Shibayama","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 5, 1924, in Seattle, Washington, but raised in Bainbridge Island, Washington. Lived in Japan for several years, returning to the U.S. just prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941. Moved with family to Moses Lake, Washington, as part of \"voluntary evacuation.\" Drafted into the army and served with the Military Intelligence Service in Japan during the U.S. occupation, eventually returning to Bainbridge Island."},{"id":"353","model":"narrator","index":"16 4741/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/353/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/353/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/keugene.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/keugene.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/353/interviews/"},"display_name":"Eugene Tatsuru Kimura","bio":"Nisei male. Born September 19, 1922, in Sheridan, Wyoming. At a young age, moved to Seattle, Washington, and spent most of childhood there. Was enrolled at the University of Washington when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, before returning with family to Sheridan. Attended the University of Nevada and later earned a doctorate in pharmacology from the University of Chicago."},{"id":"340","model":"narrator","index":"17 4742/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/340/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/340/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/njames.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/njames.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/340/interviews/"},"display_name":"James Nishimura","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 6, 1930, in Seattle, Washington. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. While in camp, was allowed to leave to attend high school for one year in the nearby town of Eden, Idaho. After leaving camp, Mr. Nishimura moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where he pursued a successful career in the cable television industry."},{"id":"591","model":"narrator","index":"18 4743/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/591/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/591/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nroy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nroy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/591/interviews/"},"display_name":"Roy Nakagawa","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 28, 1916, in Missoula, Montana. Spent early part of childhood in Montana, where parents ran a farm. Moved with family to Seattle, Washington, finished school, and attended the University of Washington. Moved to the Los Angeles area for work. During World War II, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, worked in Chicago and Wisconsin before eventually returning to Los Angeles."},{"id":"850","model":"narrator","index":"19 4744/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/850/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/850/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmasako_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmasako_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/850/interviews/"},"display_name":"Masako Murakami","bio":"Sansei female. Born March 27, 1934, in San Francisco, California. Parents were both Kibei from Seattle, Washington, and Bakersfield, California. Grew up in San Francisco, California, where father was in sales. During World War II, removed to the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona. After father signed \"no-no\" on the so-called \"loyalty questionnaire,\" transferred to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. After leaving camp, returned to San Francisco."},{"id":"ddr-densho-510","model":"collection","index":"20 4745/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-510/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-510/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-7-mezzanine-1e6fce0b7c-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-510/ddr-densho-510-7-mezzanine-1e6fce0b7c-a.jpg"},"title":"M. Katayama and Ben Nakagawa Collection","description":"The M. Katayama and Ben Nakayama Collection consists of correspondence by M. and Kathy Katayama, and Ben Nakayama in response to Bob Hope's use of the word \"Jap\" in a speech to the Boy Scout jamboree in 1973. The Katayamas wrote letters to various leaders, officials, and personal representatives seeking condemnation and an apology from Bob Hope to the Japanese American community. Ben Nakayama, president of the Seattle Japanese American Citizen's League at the time of the incident, was quoted in many articles, and received hate mail for his comments.","extent":"37 letters, 17 clippings, and 2 pages of notes","links_children":"ddr-densho-510","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Katayama, M."},{"role":"author","namepart":"Nakagawa, Ben"}],"language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","public":"1","rights":"cc","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Katayama, M. author \nNakagawa, Ben author","download_large":"ddr-densho-510-7-mezzanine-1e6fce0b7c-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-19","model":"entity","index":"21 4746/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-19/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-19/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-03-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-03-a.jpg"},"title":"Gordon Hirabayashi Interview III","description":"Nisei male. Born April 23, 1918, in Seattle, Washington. Spent most of his childhood in Thomas, Washington, where his parents were part of a Christian farming co-op. Attended the University of Washington where he was active in the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), the conscientious objector movement, and became a Quaker. At the outbreak of World War II, he was one of only a handful of individuals to challenge the curfew and removal orders being enforced against Japanese on the West Coast, citing \"Christian principles,\" and asserting \"a duty to maintain the democratic standards for which this nation lives.\" He turned himself in to the FBI, was found guilty, and served time for violating the curfew order, and failing to report for \"evacuation.\" While serving time for this conviction, Gordon was served with a draft notice and again, refused to comply. He subsequently served another period of time as a draft resister. In 1983, a team of attorneys filed a petition for writ of error coram nobis in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington in Seattle. Gordon's convictions surrounding the incarceration were vacated by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on September 24, 1987, which argued in part that, \"racial bias was the cornerstone of the internment orders.\"","extent":"01:21:56","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-19","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":19,"namepart":"Gordon Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"December 5, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gordon Hirabayashi narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hgordon-03-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-20","model":"entity","index":"22 4747/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-20/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-20/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-04-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-04-a.jpg"},"title":"Gordon Hirabayashi Interview IV","description":"Nisei male. Born April 23, 1918, in Seattle, Washington. Spent most of his childhood in Thomas, Washington, where his parents were part of a Christian farming co-op. Attended the University of Washington where he was active in the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), the conscientious objector movement, and became a Quaker. At the outbreak of World War II, he was one of only a handful of individuals to challenge the curfew and removal orders being enforced against Japanese on the West Coast, citing \"Christian principles,\" and asserting \"a duty to maintain the democratic standards for which this nation lives.\" He turned himself in to the FBI, was found guilty, and served time for violating the curfew order, and failing to report for \"evacuation.\" While serving time for this conviction, Gordon was served with a draft notice and again, refused to comply. He subsequently served another period of time as a draft resister. In 1983, a team of attorneys filed a petition for writ of error coram nobis in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington in Seattle. Gordon's convictions surrounding the incarceration were vacated by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on September 24, 1987, which argued in part that, \"racial bias was the cornerstone of the internment orders.\"","extent":"01:49:44","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-20","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":19,"namepart":"Gordon Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"February 17, 2000","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gordon Hirabayashi narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hgordon-04-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-17","model":"entity","index":"23 4748/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-17/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-17/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Gordon Hirabayashi Interview I","description":"Nisei male. Born April 23, 1918, in Seattle, Washington. Spent most of his childhood in Thomas, Washington, where his parents were part of a Christian farming co-op. Attended the University of Washington where he was active in the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), the conscientious objector movement, and became a Quaker. At the outbreak of World War II, he was one of only a handful of individuals to challenge the curfew and removal orders being enforced against Japanese on the West Coast, citing \"Christian principles,\" and asserting \"a duty to maintain the democratic standards for which this nation lives.\" He turned himself in to the FBI, was found guilty, and served time for violating the curfew order, and failing to report for \"evacuation.\" While serving time for this conviction, Gordon was served with a draft notice and again, refused to comply. He subsequently served another period of time as a draft resister. In 1983, a team of attorneys filed a petition for writ of error coram nobis in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington in Seattle. Gordon's convictions surrounding the incarceration were vacated by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on September 24, 1987, which argued in part that, \"racial bias was the cornerstone of the internment orders.\"","extent":"02:53:51","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-17","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":19,"namepart":"Gordon Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Becky Fukuda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"April 26, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gordon Hirabayashi narrator \nBecky Fukuda interviewer \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hgordon-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1000-18","model":"entity","index":"24 4749/{'value': 5069, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1000-18/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1000-18/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1000/denshovh-hgordon-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Gordon Hirabayashi Interview II","description":"Nisei male. Born April 23, 1918, in Seattle, Washington. Spent most of his childhood in Thomas, Washington, where his parents were part of a Christian farming co-op. Attended the University of Washington where he was active in the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), the conscientious objector movement, and became a Quaker. At the outbreak of World War II, he was one of only a handful of individuals to challenge the curfew and removal orders being enforced against Japanese on the West Coast, citing \"Christian principles,\" and asserting \"a duty to maintain the democratic standards for which this nation lives.\" He turned himself in to the FBI, was found guilty, and served time for violating the curfew order, and failing to report for \"evacuation.\" While serving time for this conviction, Gordon was served with a draft notice and again, refused to comply. He subsequently served another period of time as a draft resister. In 1983, a team of attorneys filed a petition for writ of error coram nobis in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington in Seattle. Gordon's convictions surrounding the incarceration were vacated by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals on September 24, 1987, which argued in part that, \"racial bias was the cornerstone of the internment orders.\"","extent":"02:31:45","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-18","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":19,"namepart":"Gordon Hirabayashi"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Alice Ito"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"John Pai"}],"topics":[{"term":"Identity and values -- Nisei","id":"44"},{"term":"World War II -- Resistance and dissidence -- Supreme Court cases -- Gordon Hirabayashi","id":"97"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Seattle, Washington","creation":"May 25, 1999","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Gordon Hirabayashi narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nAlice Ito interviewer \nJohn Pai videographer","download_large":"denshovh-hgordon-02-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Seattle","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}