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Assisted attorney Wayne Collins in filing cases to restore the U.S. citizenship of Nisei who had renounced their citizenship under government duress.<p>(This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.)","extent":"01:44:09","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-263","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":417,"namepart":"Tetsujiro \"Tex\" Nakamura"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Tom Ikeda"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Barbara Takei"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Dana Hoshide"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"persons":[{"nr_id":"88922/nr010nw4j","namepart":"Nakamura, Tetsujiro"}],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"September 23, 2009","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsujiro \"Tex\" Nakamura narrator \nTom Ikeda interviewer \nBarbara Takei interviewer \nDana Hoshide videographer Nakamura, Tetsujiro 88922nr010nw4j","download_large":"denshovh-ntetsujiro-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"510","model":"narrator","index":"12 912/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/510/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/510/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uhank.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uhank.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/510/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hank Shozo Umemoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 12, 1928, in Florin, California, a small community outside of Sacramento, California. Lost father at an early age, and was raised primarily by older brother. During World War II, removed with family to the Manzanar concentration camp, California. While in camp, snuck out of camp to spend time in the surrounding hillside. After leaving camp, returned to California and finished high school. Notably, refused to accept on principle the redress payments made to Japanese Americans in the 1980s."},{"id":"417","model":"narrator","index":"13 913/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/417/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/417/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ntetsujiro.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ntetsujiro.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/417/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tetsujiro \"Tex\" Nakamura","bio":"Nisei male. Born July 16, 1917, in San Francisco, California. Grew up in Sacramento, and graduated from UC Berkeley in 1939. During World War II, was removed to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Voluntarily stayed in Tule Lake after it was designated a Segregation Center, and worked in the legal aid office. Assisted attorney Wayne Collins in filing cases to restore the U.S. citizenship of Nisei who had renounced their citizenship under government duress."},{"id":"427","model":"narrator","index":"14 914/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/427/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/427/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkiyo.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mkiyo.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/427/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kiyo Nikaido Morimoto","bio":"Nisei female. Born November 30, 1919, in Walnut Grove, California. Paternal grandparents immigrated to the United States with father. Grew up in the Madera, California, area, and was married with a child by the time World War II broke out in 1941. During the war, removed to the Fresno Assembly Center, California, and the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas. When Jerome closed, transferred to the Granada (Amache) concentration camp, Colorado. After the war, returned to Sacramento, starting a floral business and teaching ikebana, Japanese flower arranging."},{"id":"576","model":"narrator","index":"15 915/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/576/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/576/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/utetsushi.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/utetsushi.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/576/interviews/"},"display_name":"Tetsushi Marvin Uratsu","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 7, 1925, in Sacramento, California. At a very young age, sent to Japan for several years. Returned at age six and lived with family in Loomis, California. During World War II, removed to the Arboga Assembly Center, California, and the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Transferred briefly to the Amache concentration camp, Colorado, before leaving camp with the help of a Quaker group to work as a houseboy in Des Moines, Iowa, while attending high school. Volunteered for the Military Intelligence Service, and served in Japan during the U.S. occupation."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-21-3","model":"entity","index":"16 916/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-21-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-21-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-21/ddr-csujad-21-3-mezzanine-a9a5349419-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-21/ddr-csujad-21-3-mezzanine-a9a5349419-a.jpg"},"title":"Letter from Frank Herron Smith to C. I. O. 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See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/308\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">065-1-a-01-01-03</a>","extent":"1 page ; typescript","links_children":"ddr-csujad-21-3","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Smith, Frank Herron, 1879-1965"}],"topics":[{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"},{"term":"Industry and employment -- Fishing and canneries","id":"10"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Cross-racial relations","id":"38"},{"term":"Race and racism -- Discrimination","id":"37"},{"term":"World War II -- Leaving camp -- \"Resettlement\"","id":"104"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Special Collections and Archives, Robert E. Kennedy Library, California Polytechnic State University","rights":"nocc","genre":"correspondence","location":"[Berkeley,] California","creation":"5/5/1945","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Smith, Frank Herron, 1879-1965 author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-21-3-mezzanine-a9a5349419-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-52-15","model":"entity","index":"17 917/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-52-15/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-52-15/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-52/ddr-csujad-52-15-mezzanine-961b6bf4d7-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-52/ddr-csujad-52-15-mezzanine-961b6bf4d7-a.jpg"},"title":"Attorney General Dick Thornburgh presents three elderly Japanese-Americans with redress checks","description":"The caption above the photograph reads, \"WASHINGTON, Oct. 9--ON BENDED KNEE--Attorney General Dick Thonburgh [Thornburgh] crouches on bended knee to present $20,000 checks to three elderly Japanese-Americans interned during World War II, during a ceremony at the Justice Department Tuesday. Accepting the checks are, from left: Kisa Iseri, Ontario, Ore., Hau Dairiki, Sacramento, Calif., and Mamoru Eto, Santa Monica, Calif. They were also presented with a signed apology from President Bush for their wrongful detention.\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/36569\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hslb_npc_0019</a>","extent":"black and white, 8 x 10 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-52-15","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Associated Press"}],"topics":[{"term":"Redress and reparations -- Receiving redress checks and apology","id":"117"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Historical Society of Long Beach, Long Beach, California","rights":"nocc","genre":"photograph","location":"Washington, DC","creation":"10/9/1990","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Associated Press publisher","download_large":"ddr-csujad-52-15-mezzanine-961b6bf4d7-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-pc-43-29","model":"entity","index":"18 918/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-43-29/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-43-29/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-43/ddr-pc-43-29-mezzanine-eec678dca4-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-43/ddr-pc-43-29-mezzanine-eec678dca4-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 73, No. 4 (July 23, 1971)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Farm labor crisis hits JACL\" (p. 1), \"Watsonville Elks against white-only rule\" (p. 1), \"Fear low cost housing may kill Japan Center and Nihonmachi\" (p. 1), \"San Francisco JACL prepared to object to opening of Kenzo's boutique in area\" (p. 1), \"Japan will not rely on nuclear power\" (p. 2), \"In Sacramento, this time: United Way snubs Asians\" (p. 3), \"High school credits allowed Nihongo taught in California private gakuen\" (p. 3), \"Sansei-designed system to save U.S. Navy millions\" (p. 3), \"Nisei biologist develops oral vaccine to prevent bacteria fatal to salmon\" (p. 4), \"Hiroshima-Nagasaki: 26 years ago\" (p. 6)","extent":"14.5W x 22.5H","links_children":"ddr-pc-43-29","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Pacific Citizen","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"July 23, 1971","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-43-29-mezzanine-eec678dca4-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-csujad-55-83","model":"entity","index":"19 919/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-55-83/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-55-83/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-83-mezzanine-4cadb21f74-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-55/ddr-csujad-55-83-mezzanine-4cadb21f74-a.jpg"},"title":"Bulletin (Florin Chapter of Japanese American Citizens League), no. 8 (May 16, 1942)","description":"Newsletter of the Florin chapter of the Japanese American Citizens League covering issues related to incarceration including an editorial by Mary Tsukamoto, news from Temporary Assembly Centers, care of pets, Japanese American soldiers, inoculation certificates, access to bank services, information about the Farm Security office, the Sacramento Workers Compensation Claims Administration, advice for incarcerees, work of the national Japanese American Citizens League, voting, verification papers, address changes, and recognition of individuals for their financial contributions. Newsletter labeled \"Bulletin No. 8\" See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/7382\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sac_jaac_00087</a>","extent":"5 pages; 14 x 8.5 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-55-83","creators":[{"role":"author","namepart":"Florin Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Japanese American Citizens League activities","id":"400"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Sacramento, Department of Special Collections and University Archives","rights":"nocc","genre":"misc_document","location":"Florin, California","creation":"5/16/1942","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Florin Japanese American Citizens League author","download_large":"ddr-csujad-55-83-mezzanine-4cadb21f74-a.jpg"},{"id":"407","model":"narrator","index":"20 920/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/407/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/407/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/qchizuko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/qchizuko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/407/interviews/"},"display_name":"Chizuko Judy Sugita de Quieiroz","bio":"Nisei female. Born September 15, 1932, in Lodi, California. Grew up in Jersey Island, a small island in the Sacramento Delta. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, returned with family to Los Angeles, California. Graduated from Long Beach State and earned a Masters in Art from California State University, Dominguez Hills. Taught in the Palos Verdes School District, eventually becoming Art Department Chair. After retiring from teaching, pursued art full-time, becoming a renowned watercolorist."},{"id":"425","model":"narrator","index":"21 921/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/425/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/425/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ysumiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ysumiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/425/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sumiko M. Yamamoto","bio":"Nisei female. Born May 12, 1925, in Spreckels, California. Moved frequently with family as a child, eventually settling in Gilroy, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Salinas Assembly Center, California, and the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Following father's desire to repatriate to Japan, transferred to Tule Lake concentration camp, California, when it was designated a segregation center. Joined, the Joshidan, a subgroup of the Hoshidan, a pro-Japanese group in Tule Lake. Expatriated to Japan with family, and worked for the U.S. military government in Fukuoka. Remained in Japan until the 1970s, eventually regaining U.S. citizenship and moving to Sacramento, California."},{"id":"ddr-csujad-44-198","model":"entity","index":"22 922/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-csujad-44-198/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-csujad-44-198/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-198-mezzanine-77100091ec-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-csujad-44/ddr-csujad-44-198-mezzanine-77100091ec-a.jpg"},"title":"Scrapbook of the Monterey Peninsula Japanese American Citizens League, 1957-1962","description":"Scrapbook of the Monterey Peninsula Japanese American Citizens League. Consists chiefly of newspaper clippings about the activities of the JACL and Women's Auxiliary, including social events such as dances and barbecues, installation dinners recognizing officer appointments, and membership drives. Several clippings also note the academic achievements of Junior JACL members, sports activities organized by groups such as the Northern California Nisei Golf Association, and JACL's contributions to the community. Additional contents include small color photographs of various locations around Monterey, Pacific Grove, and Carmel-by-the-Sea; programs for installation dinners and district council meetings; an event program for the 16th Biannual National JACL Convention in Sacramento, California, which unfolds to show a map of the convention site; and a small booklet about the history of the JACL and its role in advocating for the rights of Nisei and Issei. See this object in the California State Universities Japanese American Digitization project site: <a href=\"http://cdm16855.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16855coll4/id/43614\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">csumb_ms15_0197</a>","extent":"1 volume (72 pages), 11 x 14.5 inches","links_children":"ddr-csujad-44-198","creators":[{"role":"compiler","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens' League. Monterey Peninsula Chapter"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"Geographic communities -- California","id":"271"}],"format":"img","language":["eng"],"contributor":"California State University, Monterey Bay","rights":"nocc","genre":"album","location":"Monterey, California","creation":"1957-1962","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens' League. Monterey Peninsula Chapter compiler","download_large":"ddr-csujad-44-198-mezzanine-77100091ec-a.jpg"},{"id":"139","model":"narrator","index":"23 923/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/139/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/139/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/khiroshi.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/khiroshi.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/139/interviews/"},"display_name":"Hiroshi Kashiwagi","bio":"Nisei male. Born November 8, 1922, in Sacramento, California. Spent childhood and adolescence in Loomis, California, before spending senior year in high school in Los Angeles, California. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to Marysville Assembly Center, California, and then to Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Resisted the draft and renounced U.S. citizenship, remaining with family in Tule Lake when it was designated a \"segregation center.\" Left camp to attend college in California. Working with Wayne Collins after World War II, was able to get U.S. citizenship reinstated in the 1950s. Worked for the San Francisco public library post-World War II. A playwright and actor, Mr. Kashiwagi has performed in many stage productions and has written several plays, including Laughter and False Teeth and Betrayed."},{"id":"ddr-pc-29-2","model":"entity","index":"24 924/{'value': 933, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-pc-29-2/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-pc-29-2/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-2-mezzanine-eec2afaa85-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-pc-29/ddr-pc-29-2-mezzanine-eec2afaa85-a.jpg"},"title":"Pacific Citizen, Vol. 44, No. 2 (January 11, 1957)","description":"Selected article titles: \"Nat'l JACL bowling deadline entry Jan. 25; expect 130 teams to vie\" (p. 1); \"Intensive Congressional Campaign For Civil Right Bill Expected\" (p. 1); \"Judge rules renunciant did not lose citizenship\" (p. 1); \"Nisei commander of Civil Air Patrol winds service award\" (p.3); \"Man who taught Issei Americanization class brings Japan to Nisei\" (p. 3); \"20 chick sex experts arrive from Japan, head for Lansdale institute\" (p.3);  Four fire companies battle flames, stop total detruction of redidential area\" (p. 3); \"U.S.-Japan goodwill baseball tour checked\" (p. 6); \"U.S. residents from Bonin Is. sought to aid repatriates\" (p. 7); Ex-Sacramento Nisei discovers key to action of anti-cancer drug in experiment\" (p. 8); \"Urge California OK pension for aliens\" (p. 8).","extent":"11W x 17H","links_children":"ddr-pc-29-2","creators":[{"role":"publisher","namepart":"Japanese American Citizens League"}],"topics":[{"term":"Journalism and media -- Community publications -- Pacific Citizen","id":"389"}],"format":"doc","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","rights":"cc","genre":"periodical","location":"Los Angeles, California","creation":"01/11/1957","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Japanese American Citizens League publisher","download_large":"ddr-pc-29-2-mezzanine-eec2afaa85-a.jpg"}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Sacramento, California","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}