Participating in this interview is Mr. Paul Minerich, who is Mr. Nomiyama's son-in-law. An attorney, Mr. Minerich headed the effort to clear his father-in-law's name regarding his wartime court martial conviction. This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:06:08","links_children":"ddr-densho-1000-279-7","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":482,"namepart":"Tetsuo Nomiyama"},{"role":"interviewer","namepart":"Martha Nakagawa"},{"role":"videographer","namepart":"Tani Ikeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Densho","geography":[{"term":"California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/7007157\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Westminster, California","creation":"May 2, 2010","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Tetsuo Nomiyama narrator \nMartha Nakagawa interviewer \nTani Ikeda videographer","download_large":"denshovh-ntetsuo-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-3-4","model":"segment","index":"3 1203/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-3-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-3-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-yminoru-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-yminoru-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Minoru Yasui Interview Segment 4","description":"Remembering the time of uncertainty and confusion after the bombing of Pearl Harbor (audio only)
This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:06:10","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-3-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":519,"namepart":"Minoru Yasui"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","geography":[{"term":"Hood River, Oregon","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/2084901\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"Hood River, Oregon","creation":"October 23, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Minoru Yasui narrator","download_large":"denshovh-yminoru-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-17-4","model":"segment","index":"4 1204/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-17-4/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-17-4/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-droger-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-droger-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Roger Daniels Interview Segment 4","description":"The role of the Japanese American Citizens League after the bombing of Pearl Harbor (audio only)
This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:08:19","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-17-4","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":166,"namepart":"Roger Daniels"}],"topics":[{"term":"Community activities -- Associations and organizations -- The Japanese American Citizens League","id":"20"},{"term":"World War II -- Mass removal (\"evacuation\") -- Japanese American community responses","id":"52"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"November 18, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roger Daniels narrator","download_large":"denshovh-droger-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-17-3","model":"segment","index":"5 1205/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-17-3/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-17-3/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-droger-02-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-droger-02-a.jpg"},"title":"Roger Daniels Interview Segment 3","description":"Rumors and the Japanese American community before and after the bombing of Pearl Harbor (audio only)
This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:10:09","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-17-3","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":166,"namepart":"Roger Daniels"}],"topics":[{"term":"World War II -- Pearl Harbor and aftermath -- \"War hysteria\"","id":"187"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"November 18, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Roger Daniels narrator","download_large":"denshovh-droger-02-a.jpg"},{"id":"ddr-densho-1012-4-1","model":"segment","index":"6 1206/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/ddr-densho-1012-4-1/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/ddr-densho-1012-4-1/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-uchico-01-a.jpg","thumb":"http://ddrmedia.local/media/ddr-densho-1012/denshovh-uchico-01-a.jpg"},"title":"Chico Uyeda Interview Segment 1","description":"Hearing about the bombing of Pearl Harbor and being sent home from the school the following morning (audio only)
This interview is audio-only. It contains raw footage used by Steven Okazaki in his 1985 film Unfinished Business.
This material is based upon work assisted by a grant from the Department of the Interior, National Park Service. Any opinions, finding, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of the Interior.","extent":"00:04:30","links_children":"ddr-densho-1012-4-1","creators":[{"role":"narrator","oh_id":714,"namepart":"Chico Uyeda"}],"format":"vh","language":["eng"],"contributor":"Steven Okazaki","geography":[{"term":"Los Angeles, California","id":"\"http://vocab.getty.edu/tgn/1002608\""}],"rights":"cc","genre":"interview","location":"San Francisco, California","creation":"December 8, 1983","status":"completed","search_hidden":"Chico Uyeda narrator","download_large":"denshovh-uchico-01-a.jpg"},{"id":"145","model":"narrator","index":"7 1207/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/145/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/145/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/crobert.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/crobert.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/145/interviews/"},"display_name":"Robert Coombs","bio":"White male. Born May 26, 1918, in Visalia, California. Attended school in Sacramento, California, and then enrolled in the University of Southern California. Involved in the development of the new progressive education theory at Stanford University in the 1930s, and was teaching high school in Sacramento, California when Pearl Harbor was bombed. Worked as a teacher at the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho."},{"id":"264","model":"narrator","index":"8 1208/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/264/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/264/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hkajiko.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/hkajiko.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/264/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kajiko Hashisaki","bio":"Nisei female. Born March 27, 1924, and raised in Seattle, Washington. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. Left Minidoka in 1943 to attend school in St. Paul, Minnesota. Married in 1945, and lived in Japan for sixteen months before returning to the United States and raising a family."},{"id":"248","model":"narrator","index":"9 1209/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/248/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/248/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tvictor.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tvictor.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/248/interviews/"},"display_name":"Victor Takemoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born October 27, 1926, in Bainbridge Island, Washington. Parents were strawberry farmers before World War II. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed with family to Manzanar concentration camp, California. Unlike most Bainbridge Island Japanese Americans, did not transfer to the Minidoka, Idaho, concentration camp. Returned to Bainbridge Island after the war, and attended the University of Washington."},{"id":"421","model":"narrator","index":"10 1210/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/421/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/421/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ymae.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ymae.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/421/interviews/"},"display_name":"Mae Iseri Yamada","bio":"Nisei female. Born August 22, 1918, in Thomas, Washington. Grew up in Thomas, where parents ran a grocery store and farm. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Pinedale Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Married in camp, and went to work in Weiser, Idaho, and Ontario, Oregon. After the war, returned to Washington and resides in Auburn, Washington."},{"id":"424","model":"narrator","index":"11 1211/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/424/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/424/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbetty.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/kbetty.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/424/interviews/"},"display_name":"Betty Fujimoto Kashiwagi","bio":"Nisei female. Born February 9, 1929, in Isleton, California. Grew up in Isleton where parents operated a boarding house. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Sacramento Assembly Center and Tule Lake concentration camp, California. In 1943, transferred to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, then, when that camp closed, to the Rohwer concentration camp, Arkansas. After leaving camp, returned to Isleton."},{"id":"346","model":"narrator","index":"12 1212/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/346/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/346/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/okinge.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/okinge.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/346/interviews/"},"display_name":"Kinge Okauchi","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 20, 1924, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento and Menlo Park, California. Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, removed to the Tanforan Assembly Center, California, and Topaz concentration camp, Utah. While in Topaz, worked for the recreation department organizing a summer camp for kids. Attended Stanford University after leaving camp, and established a career in the aerospace industry."},{"id":"631","model":"narrator","index":"13 1213/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/631/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/631/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ytakenori.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ytakenori.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/631/interviews/"},"display_name":"Takenori Yamamoto","bio":"Nisei male. Born February 21, 1938, in Los Angeles, California. Age three when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, and was removed with family to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. After leaving camp, returned to Los Angeles. After World War II, served in the U.S. Air Force, and later became involved in numerous Japanese American community organizations, including forming Asian Pacific Lesbians and Gays."},{"id":"568","model":"narrator","index":"14 1214/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/568/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/568/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wlloyd.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/wlloyd.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/568/interviews/"},"display_name":"Lloyd K. Wake","bio":"Nisei male. Born January 12, 1922, in Reedley, California. Grew up in Reedley, where parents ran a farm. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, was removed to the Poston concentration camp, Arizona. Left camp in 1943 to attend Asbury College in Wilmore, Kentucky, and entered the ministry. After the war, lived in San Francisco, California, and became involved in numerous progressive movements."},{"id":"646","model":"narrator","index":"15 1215/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/646/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/646/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/plarry.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/plarry.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/646/interviews/"},"display_name":"Larry R. Pacheco","bio":"White male. Born November 4, 1922, in San Jose, California. Drafted into the military after Japan bombed Pearl Harbor. During World War II, served as a military police guard at the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Shipped overseas, and was captured in France as a prisoner of war and held in Germany. After completing military service, returned to San Jose."},{"id":"849","model":"narrator","index":"16 1216/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/849/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/849/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/smaria.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/smaria.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/849/interviews/"},"display_name":"Maria Sato","bio":"Nisei female. Born November 19, 1930, in Trujillo, Peru, where father ran a construction company. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested by the FBI and taken to the United States. The family joined him in Crystal City, Texas, then went to Japan after the war. Maria lived and worked in Japan until the 1950s, then moved to the United States."},{"id":"670","model":"narrator","index":"17 1217/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/670/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/670/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nsam.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/nsam.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/670/interviews/"},"display_name":"Sam Naito","bio":"Nisei male. Born December 10, 1921, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland where father ran a store. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, family took advantage of the \"voluntary evacuation\" period and moved to Salt Lake City. Mr. Naito attended the Utah and served in Military Intelligence during the war. Returned to Portland and established a successful import business."},{"id":"732","model":"narrator","index":"18 1218/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/732/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/732/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ililly.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ililly.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/732/interviews/"},"display_name":"Lilly Kobayashi Irinaga","bio":"Nisei female. Born April 5, 1929, in Portland, Oregon. Grew up in Portland where parents ran a hotel. In 1941, went with family on a trip to Japan to visit family and returned shortly before the bombing of Pearl Harbor. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After the war, returned to Portland."},{"id":"697","model":"narrator","index":"19 1219/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/697/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/697/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tamy.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/tamy.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/697/interviews/"},"display_name":"Amy Tsugawa","bio":"Nisei female. Born and raised in Hawaii. After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, father was arrested by the FBI. The rest of the family was removed to the Jerome concentration camp, Arkansas, and the Gila River concentration camp, Arizona, to be reunited with father. After leaving camp, moved with family to Japan before eventually returning to Hawaii and then moving to Portland, Oregon."},{"id":"778","model":"narrator","index":"20 1220/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/778/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/778/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmolly.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mmolly.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/778/interviews/"},"display_name":"Molly K. Maeda","bio":"Nisei female. Born November 23, 1919, in Dee, Oregon. Grew up in Dee, where parents had a farm. Finished college before the bombing of Pearl Harbor. During World War II, removed to the Portland Assembly Center, Oregon, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, lived for a time in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, before returning to the Hood River, Oregon, area."},{"id":"902","model":"narrator","index":"21 1221/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/902/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/902/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-454_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-454_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/902/interviews/"},"display_name":"May Ohmura Watanabe","bio":"Nisei female. Born May 13, 1922, in Chico, California. Grew up in Chico, where parents ran a produce store. Was in college when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, and was removed with her family to the Tule Lake concentration camp, California. Left camp to attend school in Syracuse, New York, and become a public health nurse. Later worked at the University of Pittsburgh."},{"id":"1003","model":"narrator","index":"22 1222/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/1003/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1003/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-509_narr.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/ddr-densho-1000-509_narr.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/1003/interviews/"},"display_name":"Dotti Yasuko Tagawa Reisbord","bio":"Nisei-Sansei female. Born May 9, 1941, in Seattle Washington. An infant when Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, family was sent to the Puyallup Assembly Center, Washington, and the Minidoka concentration camp, Idaho. After leaving camp, family returned to Seattle, where Dotti attended school. After high school, moved to Southern California, raised a family, and became a teacher before eventually returning to Seattle."},{"id":"54","model":"narrator","index":"23 1223/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/54/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/54/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mfred.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/mfred.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/54/interviews/"},"display_name":"Fred Matsumura","bio":"Nisei male, born April 14, 1923, on the Island of Molokai, Hawaii. Volunteered for military service after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Served in the 442nd Regimental Combat Unit as a Sergeant and Assistant Squad Leader. Later, he and three others in his unit had their rank reduced to Private after being court-martialed for alleged involvement in a fight with an army military police officer (MP)."},{"id":"404","model":"narrator","index":"24 1224/{'value': 1379, 'relation': 'eq'}","links":{"html":"https://ddr.densho.org/narrators/404/","json":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/404/","img":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uharry_2.jpg","thumb":"https://ddr.densho.org/media/narrators/uharry_2.jpg","interviews":"https://ddr.densho.org/api/0.2/narrator/404/interviews/"},"display_name":"Harry Umeda","bio":"Nisei male. Born May 12, 1915, in Sacramento, California. Grew up in Sacramento, where parents ran a successful farm. Drafted into the military in 1941, prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Served in the Military Intelligence Service, interrogating Japanese prisoners of war in New Guinea and the Philippines. After returning to the U.S., settled in Minneapolis, Minnesota, heading the accounting departments in various hospitals."}],"query":{"query":{"query_string":{"query":"Pearl Harbor;","fields":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"],"analyze_wildcard":false,"allow_leading_wildcard":false,"default_operator":"AND"}},"aggs":{"facility":{"nested":{"path":"facility"},"aggs":{"facility_ids":{"terms":{"field":"facility.id","size":1000}}}},"format":{"terms":{"field":"format"}},"genre":{"terms":{"field":"genre"}},"rights":{"terms":{"field":"rights"}},"topics":{"nested":{"path":"topics"},"aggs":{"topics_ids":{"terms":{"field":"topics.id","size":1000}}}}},"_source":["id","model","links_html","links_json","links_img","links_thumb","links_children","status","public","title","description","contributor","creators","creators.namepart","facility","format","genre","geography","label","language","creation","location","persons","rights","topics","image_url","display_name","bio","extent","search_hidden"]}}